In recent years, the influence on the foetus of drugs given to women during their pregnancy has come out as a problem. The results of examination on animals and clinical effects have clarified, for a certain extent, the influence of the drugs on the foetus. The details of the influence have, however, not yet been analized and clarified sufficiently. There are many opportunities and cases that the clinicians of various department including obstetrician give medical treatments including pharmacological therapy to pregnant women. This indicates the need that we sufficiently understand the facts and cautions which have to be taken into full consideration in use of drugs, based on the facts which have so far been clarified.
Mainly for the following cases the pharmacological therapy is given to pregnant women: namely, common cold, anemia, tuberculosis, syphilis; the cases of complication in pregnancy such as infectious diseases, hyperemesis gravidarum, threatened abortion or premature labor and toxemia of pregnancy; therapy for such various impediments as headache, lumbago, agrypnia, coprostasis, etc.; internal use of eutrophics, and preventive vaccination.
In the early stage of pregnancy, use of such drugs as thalidmide, meclizine, etc, which are clearly considered to give deformity in the foetus has to be avoided in every way. Even during the middle and furthar stages of the pregnancy, a good care should be taken to minimize the use of such drugs as barbital preparations, tranquilizers, etc. which are considered to give an influence on the central nervous system in a long-term use. In the final stage of pregnancy, a full attention should be paid to refrain from using snch drugs as sulfa drugs which stay in the body for long hours, penicillin preparations, etc. which are considered to give such unfavorable influence as hyperbilirubinaemia, etc. on the newborn. The same applies on the use of laxatives, etc. which may cause abortion or premature labor.
In this paper, the author describes, first of all, based on the report so far made by the experts, the problems of transfer through placenta of drugs given to the women during their pregnancy, and the mechanism of the influence on the foetus of drugs given to the mother. Further statement is made on the cares should be taken in giving to the pregnant women of such drugs as antibiotics, sulfa drugs, anti-tuberculosis agents, sedatives, tranquilizers, anesthetics, anti-histamine agents for common cold, laxatives, agents for toxemia of pregnancy, various hormone preparations, agents for oral contraception, thalidmide preparations, vitamin preparations, agents for malignant tumor, etc. For the preventive vaccination for the pregnant women, several points have to be considered. This paper also refers to these points which have so far been clarified.
In the last part of the paper, the author illustrates the cautions which have to be taken in giving the drugs to the pregnant women by summarizing into several categories. It is considered that these cautions are of very important nature for the clinicians who often treat the pregnant women.

View full abstract

By counting of the numbers of total leucocytes, eosino-and basophiles in 1 mm³ circulating blood drawn out of cubital vene, the physiological detailes of these cells in healthy adults were studied and the results were published in the late papers, (IRYO)
The clinical items of these cell numbers about the following severe cases were studied in this paper; seven cases of severe head injuries, 1 acute purulent panperitonitis, 1 severe burn, 2 Cushing's syndrome, 1 typhoid fever and 72 post-partus.
For the staining of eosino-and basophiles, the next recept were respectively used.
Saponin pure white 100 mg
(E. Merck Darmstadt)
pH 5.5
Azur 11 50 mg
Normal saline 100 ml
In conclusion, the following findings were obtained.
1. In the cases of leucocytosis with disappearance of eosinophiles and basophiles, there are disturbance or hyperactivity of thalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical system,
2. As long as the marked reduction of these two cells persist, prognosis of the patients must be poor. On the contrary, in case of increased these cells prognosis would be favourable.
3. When the number of these cells return to normal figure, it seems be out of control of the thalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical system.

View full abstract

The value of arterial blood gas analysis in the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory failure is emphasized. Arterial blood, however, is difficult to obtain for medical technician. Therefore simpler technique than arterial puncture is desirable.
For these purpose, Po₂, Pco₂, and pH in blood from ear-lobe were analyzed by 1 L meter-113-S₁ and results were compared with those of blood taken simultaneously from the brachial artery of 20 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. A close correspondence was found between them.
The coefficient of correlation was 0, 98 in Po₂, 0.98 in Pco₂ and 0, 90 in pH.
Po₂, Pco₂ and pH of blood obtained from the unwarmed ear lobe were compared with those of warmed ear-lobe of 20 patients. The mean difference of Po₂ was 3.9±4.2 mmHg. But only a little change was found in Pco₂ and pH.
These studies demonstrate that Po₂, Pco₂, and pH obtained from well arterialized ear-lobe blood is adequate for routine clinical measurement of arterial Po₂, Pco₂ and pH.

View full abstract

Two autopsy cases of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia were reported and wide review of literature was made.
A 16-and a 56-years-old Japanese male were administrated with combination of anticancerous drugs (6MP, Endoxan, Vincristin and Methotrexate) and corticosteroid hormone for months under clinical diagnosis of acute myelogenic leukemia and acute lymphogenic leukemia, respectively. The both patients died after 5 months from the administration of the above drugs. Post mortem examination revealed pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in both cases. Abundant eosinophilic cystic structures with intracystic body were present in the alveolar lumens without any inflammatory cell infiltration as neutrophiles, lymphocytes and plasma cells except for some alveoral phagocytes and multinuclear giant cells of alveoral phagocite origin. No exudative lesion was also a prominent finding. Interstitial plasmocytic pneumonia was not seen in these two cases. Alveoral phagocytes were present around the cystic structures without any prominent phagocytic picture of them. The authors speculate that these phenomenon, no exudative and phagocytic, have close relation to deficient immunological tests up to date. For histological detection of pneumocystis carinii the authors will approve hematoxylin-eosin, PAS, methenamine silver and gramm stain.

View full abstract

A 45-years-old lady had a car accident on March, 1965, when she received a hit on her face without loss of consciousness. She had had a slight headache for a few days then became well. In 1966 she recognized some atrophy of the right face, which progressed in several years. In 1968 she found reddish discoloration on the right cheek and forehead. The neurological examination did not disclose any abnormality except E. M. G. findings.
This case is a progressive hemiatrophy of the right face following trauma.

View full abstract

A case of lung injury cured by surgery was reported.
A 13-years-old boy was injured by the burst of his handmade rocket. As hemothorax and pneumothorax became critical, he received partial lobectomy. Post-operative course was uneventful.

View full abstract