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Volume 41, Issue 2-1
Displaying 1-18 of 18 articles from this issue
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Article type: Cover
1992 Volume 41 Issue 2-1 Pages Cover13-
Published: February 28, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Cover
1992 Volume 41 Issue 2-1 Pages Cover14-
Published: February 28, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1992 Volume 41 Issue 2-1 Pages App5-
Published: February 28, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Xaver BaurArticle type: Article
1992 Volume 41 Issue 2-1 Pages 81-85
Published: February 28, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChironomidae larvae and midges cause allergic reactions in approximately 20 percent of exposed people; predominantly aquarists using insect larvae as fish food and environmentally exposed subjects living in areas abounding in water are affected. Our studies include 642 subjects of whom 205 are aquarists; 85 are occupationally and 352 environmentally exposed people. 123 of them were shown to be sensitized to these insects. Using highly purified allergens, we could demonstrate that Chironomidae hemoglobins (Chi t I) represent the major allergenic components causing rhinitis, conjunctivitis and bronchial asthma. Considerable immunological cross-reactivity exists between hemoglobins of the same and closely related Chironomidae species. Genetic factors seem to be important for the susceptibility of this type of allergy. In studies with peptides of Chi t I component III, we identified several epitopes recognized by human IgE antibodies and/or T-cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (483K) -
Hideaki Taira, Hidetoyo Teranishi, Yukiko KendaArticle type: Article
1992 Volume 41 Issue 2-1 Pages 86-92
Published: February 28, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe investigated the cumulative thermal constant and threshold temperature for the development of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. DON) male flowers to predict the day on which pollen scattering would begin. The threshold temperature for the development of sugi male flowers was 0.17℃ and the cumulative thermal constant was 184℃/day. Using these results, we determined how long it would take for sugi to be awaken from dormancy and we investigated the meteorological date. Reactivation from dormancy requires 3 days, where the minimum temperature is less than 3℃ with a mean temperature of less than 6℃; the following day must have a maximum temperature of more than 10℃, and these conditions must be maintained for at least 2 days. From these results, it is not difficult to predict the day on which sugi pollen scattering will begin.View full abstractDownload PDF (692K) -
Takemasa Nakagawa, Terumasa Miyamoto, Kazuo Akiyama, Tomonori Takasaka ...Article type: Article
1992 Volume 41 Issue 2-1 Pages 93-105
Published: February 28, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe measurement of IgE antibodies and total IgE was performed with FAST (fluorescene allergosrobent test) system using 171 serum samples obtained from normal donors and 789 serum samples obtained from patients with various allergic diseases. These were collected by departments of internal medicine, pediatrics, otorhinolaryngology and dermatology at 17 institutes in Japan. In addition to a comparative study with RAST, skin tests and provocation tests were also performed to establish a clinical diagnosis. Simultaneous measurements were made and an excellent correlation with RAST was observed with a concordance rate of 85.7% and correlation coefficient of 0.848. The specificity determined in the normal serum samples was 95.5% by RAST and 93.1% by FAST. The sensitivity determined in the samples, of which etiological allergens were identified clinically, was 82.3% by RAST and 85.3% by FAST. Among them, the sensitivity of skin test and provocation test were 92.4% and 94.7%, respectively. The concordance rate with clinical diagnosis was as high as 89.7% for both RAST and FAST. The normal upper limit of total IgE by cumulative 95% value was calculated to be 250 IU/ml for adult subjects. These results indicate the clinical usefulness of the FAST system in evaluating IgE antibodies and total IgE.View full abstractDownload PDF (1164K) -
Shiro Kasuya, Kaori KogaArticle type: Article
1992 Volume 41 Issue 2-1 Pages 106-110
Published: February 28, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAnisakis larvae which parasitize sea fishes sometimes cause not only anisakiasis but also such allergic reactions as mackerel-induced urticaria. We prepared AlaSTAT by using excretory/secretory antigens from Anisakis larvae to detect specific IgE in various patients groups. The AlaSTAT positive rate was 87.5% in gastric anisakiasis patients who were endoscopically diagnosed, while it was 66.7% in patients who had acute abdominal pain but no larva detected. Ascariasis in the common bile duct was 0%. The positive rate in mackerel-induced urticaria patients was 75.0%, while it was 8.3% and 10.0% in patients with urticaria of unknown origin and normal controls, respectively. Based on these data, the detection of specific IgE using AlaSTAT is useful in elucidating the cause of urticaria or acute abdominal pain, such as Anisakis.View full abstractDownload PDF (520K) -
Keizou Idaira, Toshimichi Imai, Akira Sugeta, Takako Hiyama, Takao Sug ...Article type: Article
1992 Volume 41 Issue 2-1 Pages 111-118
Published: February 28, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe evaluated the inhibitory effect of S-1452, a specific thromboxane (Tx) A_2 receptor antagonist on the increase of airway responsiveness in 7 dogs after ozone exposure. Airway responsiveness to inhaled methacholine (Mch) was determined by Astograph (7 Hz oscillation technique), and at the same time TxB_2, 6-keto-prostaglandin (PG) F_<1α>, PGE_2 levels and total cell counts in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured. Ozone exposure was carried out for 2 hr at an ozone level of 3.04±0.02 ppm (mean±SEM). Airway responsiveness to Mch increased significantly after ozone exposure (p<0.01), and this hyperresponsiveness was inhibited significantly by pretreatment with S-1452 (p<0.02). TxB_2 and PGE_2 levels in BALF did not change after ozone exposure, but the levels of 6-keto-PGF_<1α> decreased significantly after ozone exposure (p<0.05). Total cell counts in BALF increased significantly after ozone exposure (p<0.02). The decrease of 6-keto-PGF_<1α> levels and the increase of total cell counts were not affected by pretreatment with S-1452. These results suggest that S-1452 is protective against the increase of airway responsiveness induced by ozone exposure, and that TxA_2 plays an important role in the hyperresponsiveness. But hyperresponsiveness may not be induced by hyperproduction of TxA_2, but by the relative increase of TxA_2 to PGI_2.View full abstractDownload PDF (885K) -
Sanae Tomoe, Itsuo Iwamoto, Sho Yoshida, Hisao TomiokaArticle type: Article
1992 Volume 41 Issue 2-1 Pages 119-124
Published: February 28, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo determine whether the N-terminal or C-terminal peptide of substance P (SP) induces granulocyte infiltration in mouse skin, we examined the potencies of SP, the N-terminal peptides SP_<1-4> and SP_<1-9>, the C-terminal peptides SP_<4-11> and SP_<6-11>, and a mast cell degranulating agent compound 48/80 in inducing granulocyte (neutrophil and eosinophil) infiltration in the skin of BALB/c mice. The subcutaneous administration of SP (10^<-7>-10^<-5> M) caused granulocyte infiltration in mouse skin in a concentration-dependent fashion 6 h after the injection. SP_<1-9> (10^<-5>-10^<-4> M) also caused granulocyte infiltration in the skin which was associated with mast cell degranulation. However, SP_<1-4>, SP_<4-11> and SP_<6-11> (up to 10^<-4> M) induced neither granulocyte infiltration nor mast cell degranulation. In addition, compound 48/80 (0.5-50μg/ml) also induced granulocyte infiltration of mouse skin with a concentration-dependent increase in mast cell degranulation. These results indicate that SP induces granulocyte infiltration of mouse skin through mast cell degranulation induced by the N-terminal peptide.View full abstractDownload PDF (606K) -
Kayo Nemoto, Tadao OkamuraArticle type: Article
1992 Volume 41 Issue 2-1 Pages 125-134
Published: February 28, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSingle smooth muscle cells from the taenia coli of guinea pigs passively sensitized with anti-egg albumin IgG fraction were used to evaluate the intracellular signal transduction system during anaphylactic contraction. ^<125>I-IgG was bound to single smooth muscle cells, and sensitized smooth muscle cells contracted in response to antigen treatment. In response to neuraminidase treatment, ^<125>I-IgG binding to the cells was decreased, along with an inhibition of anaphylactic contraction. Pretreatment with islet-activating protein (IAP), neomycin, quercetin and H-7 inhibited anaphylactic contraction, whereas pretreatment with phorbol 12, 13-dibutylate augmented the contraction. The signal produced by the interaction between IgG bound to the smooth muscle cells and antigen appears to be transmitted to the intracellular contractile element via the signal transduction system involving G protein. Phospholipase-C and -A_2 appear to be the effectors in the signal transduction system for anaphylactic contractions. Protein kinase C, activated with reference to phospholipase-C, also may be involved in anaphylactic contraction.View full abstractDownload PDF (887K) -
THE EFFECT OF THYROID HORMONE ON GENERATION OF FREE RADICALS BY NEUTROPHILS AND ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGESHiroshi Kanazawa, Naotsugu Kurihara, Kazuto Hirata, Kazuhiko Terakawa, ...Article type: Article
1992 Volume 41 Issue 2-1 Pages 135-139
Published: February 28, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have sometimes observed the case of bronchial asthma accompanied by hyperthyoidism. But the pathophysiological mechanisms of both diseases remain obscure. In this study, we have shown that thyroid hormone directy stimulated the generation of superoxide anion by neutrophils and alveolar macrophages. In addition, neutrophils incubated with thyroid hormone became activated and generated greater amount of superoxide anion in response to f-met-leu-phe (fMLP) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). Our study suggests, for the first time, that reactive oxygen species may play one of the most important roles in exacerbating asthma in hyperthyroid patients.View full abstractDownload PDF (527K) -
Toshikazu MotohashiArticle type: Article
1992 Volume 41 Issue 2-1 Pages 140-147
Published: February 28, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe levels of soluble CD4 (sCD4) and sCD8 in serum correlate with T cell subset activation and may be important in monitoring and characterizing disease processes in immunological diseases. We compared acute Kawasaki disease (KD) with anaphylactoid purpura (AP) and measles, in terms of serum sCD4 and sCD8 levels. The levels of serum sCD4 and sCD8 were measured by a sandwich enzyme immunoassay. In addition, peripheral blood T-cell subsets were analysed by single and two-colour flow-cytometric analyses in KD patients. The levels of serum sCD4 and sCD8 were significantly elevated in patients during the acute stages of KD and measles, but not in AP. Peripheral blood CD4+, CD8+ and also HLA-DR+T cell counts did not increase during the acute stage of KD. Our results suggest that there is a low level of activation of peripheral blood T cells during acute KD, or that infiltrating T cells in some local tissues of KD patients contribute to the elevated levels of serum sCD4 and sCD8.View full abstractDownload PDF (689K) -
Yutaka Motohashi, Tsugio NakazawaArticle type: Article
1992 Volume 41 Issue 2-1 Pages 148-155
Published: February 28, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo clarify pathophysiological significance of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with various values of Lansbury's activity index, we analysed by means of the urokinase activated platelet rich plasma thromboelastography. In RA patients, coagulation time (k) and reaction time (r)+k were shorter, maximal amplitude (ma) was larger and lysis time (LT) was longer comparing with those in healthy control. Especially LT and ma showed marked differences between RA patients and control subjects. The mild RA patients whose Lansbury's activity indexes were 0-19% had significant differences from healthy control subjects, in order of LT<ma<r+<k, the probability values were smaller. Significant coefficients of positive correlations with Lansbury's activity index were higher in order of LT>LT/k>ma×LT. These findings suggested that RA patients had fibrin formation, which had close relations with maximal amplitude (ma) and lysis time (LT) which had positive correlation with Lansbury's activity index.View full abstractDownload PDF (743K) -
Article type: Appendix
1992 Volume 41 Issue 2-1 Pages 156-
Published: February 28, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1992 Volume 41 Issue 2-1 Pages 157-
Published: February 28, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1992 Volume 41 Issue 2-1 Pages 157-
Published: February 28, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1992 Volume 41 Issue 2-1 Pages 158-161
Published: February 28, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Cover
1992 Volume 41 Issue 2-1 Pages Cover15-
Published: February 28, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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