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Volume 42, Issue 1
Displaying 1-17 of 17 articles from this issue
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Article type: Cover
1993 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages Cover1-
Published: January 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (530K) -
Article type: Cover
1993 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages Cover2-
Published: January 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (530K) -
Michiaki Hayashida, Satoru Doi, Toshishige Inoue, Isamu Takamatsu, Kyo ...Article type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 1-8
Published: January 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSeventy-eight pediatric patients with moderate to severe chronic asthma, aged 6 to 16 years, who failed to respond well to inhaled DSCG and theophylline RTC, were treated with beclomethasone dipropionate inhaler (BDI) for 0.5 to 10 years (mean: 4.2±2.4 years). The efficacy rate gradually increased with time: 61.1% at one year after the start of the treatment and 89.5% at three years. Long-term BDI therapy over five years did not cause suppression of height growth or adrenocortical functions (early morning cortisol level and rapid ACTH test). However, the safety of long-term BDI therapy in children still needs to be studied more thoroughly and established. Further investigation will be necessary since some cases did not respond to BDI therapy while others died of exacerbated asthmatic symptoms soon after the start of BDI therapy.View full abstractDownload PDF (763K) -
Yuji Maeda, Kazuo Akiyama, Tetsuo Hayakawa, Maki Hasegawa, Fushito Kan ...Article type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 9-17
Published: January 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe studied adult asthmatics who were sensitized (RAST sore=1) by cats and dogs allergens. Compared with non-sensitized asthmatics, the following some characteristics were noted in the sensitized asthmatics: 1) The histogram of the onset age of asthma showed two peaks. 2) The asthmatics sensitized by cats epithelium were more frequent and had higher RAST scores than those sensitized by dog hair dander. 3) There was a significant correlation between the RAST scores to dogs dander and dog hair. 4) There was no correlation between the RAST score to cat epithelium and dog hair. 5) The positive rations of intradermal testing to other allergens were higher in the sensitized asthmatics than in the non-sensitized asthmatics, especially to some foods allergens. 6) The asthmatics sensitized by cat and dog allergens were much more sensitized by house-dust mites than were the non-sensitized asthmatics. The asthmatics sensitized by cat and dog demonstrated being allergic to not only cat and dog allergens but also to many other allergens. We thought that the sensitized asthmatics were more atopic than the non-sensitized asthmatics and this was the reason why they were sensitized by cat and dog. The RAST scores to cat allergens were higher than the RAST scores to dog allergens. This fact showed that the cat was more important than the dog. This result agreed with our clinical experience.View full abstractDownload PDF (831K) -
Shigefusa Hada, Makoto Hashizume, Satoshi Nishii, Fumi Yoshioka, Kojir ...Article type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 18-25
Published: January 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe previously reported that AA-2414, an eicosanoid receptor antagonist, inhibits platelet aggregation mediated by TXA_2/PGH_2 receptors in patients with bronchial asthma, but that the inhibitory effects differ among individuals. In this study, we measured the in vitro inhibition rate of platelet aggregation by AA-2414 using U-46619 as an aggregating agent in 22 asthmatic patients and classified them into Group A (showing an inhibition rate of 60% or more) and Group B (showing a rate of less than 60%). Subsequently, AA-2414 tablets (40 mg/day) were orally administered to both groups for 6 weeks, and the clinical effects were compared. A positive correlation was observed between the in vitro U-46619-induced platelet aggregation rate and the inhibition rate of aggregation by AA-2414. At the end of administration, marked inhibition of U-46619-induced platelet aggregation was observed in all patients. However, Group A showed a higher improvement rate of symptoms than Group B. Asthmatic patients can be classified into the groups showing good or poor platelet responses. The response may reflect reactivity to TXA_2 in the local airway.View full abstractDownload PDF (793K) -
Yoshiro Tanizaki, Hikaru Kitani, Morihiro Okazaki, Takashi Mifune, Fum ...Article type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 26-33
Published: January 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA relationship of cellular composition in the airways and the release of chemical mediators from the cells to bronchial hyperresponsiveness was examined in two age-matched asthma groups: 15 atopic and 15 nonatopic patients. 1. A significant correlation between the proportion of eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and bronchial reactivity (BR) was found in patients with atopic and nonatopic asthma. The proportion of the cells (combined eosinophils and neutrophils) in BAL fluid was closely correlated with BR in patients with atopic asthma, but not in those with nonatopic asthma. There was no correlation between the proportion of BAL neutrophils and BR in the two asthma groups. 2. There was a significant correlation between histamine release from BAL cells and BR in patients with atopic asthma. In contrast, LTC_4 release from BAL cells was significantly correlated with BR in patients with nonatopic asthma. The results suggest that the humoral and cellular components in the airways, that participate in bronchial hyperresponsiveness, are different between patients with atopic and nonatopic asthma.View full abstractDownload PDF (763K) -
Keiko AraiArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 34-41
Published: January 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe antiallergic effects of Reitakutuukitokasin'i (RKS) on the increase in blood histamine level by antigen challenge were investigated in actively sensitized rats in comparison with those of azelastine and disodium cromoglycate (DSCG). The increase in blood histamine level after a systemic anaphylactic reaction elicited by intravenously injected antigen (egg albumin) was significantly inhibited by oral and intravenous administrations of RKS and azelastine or DSCG. Namely, RKS at 50 and 100 mg/kg (p.o.) caused 17% and 28% inhibition, respectively, and azelastine at 5 and 10 mg/kg (p.o.) caused 28% and 29% inhibition, respectively. RKS at 0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg (i.v.) caused 33% and 29% inhibition, respectively, and DSCG at 10 mg/kg (i.v.) caused 53% inhibition. However, large doses of RKS (500 mg/kg, p.o., 2.5 and 10 mg/kg, i.v.) caused no significant inhibition. The histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) by antigen-antibody reaction was also investigated, and proved to be inhibited significantly by RKS. Namely, RKS at 5×10^<-4>, 10^<-3> and 2×10^<-3> g/ml caused 42, 71 and 79% inhibition, respectively. These results suggest that RKS is an antiallergic drug similar to azelastine and DSCG with a common inhibitory action on the release of histamine.View full abstractDownload PDF (747K) -
Shin-ichi Konno, Mitsuru Adachi, Takayuki Matsuura, Kenji Sunouchi, Hi ...Article type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 42-47
Published: January 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe examined six mouse strains, A/J, DBA/2, WBB6F_1-W/W_v, WBB6F_1- +/+, C3H/HeN, C57BL/6, for their bronchial reactivity to methacholine and serotonin. The mice were anaesthetized with intraperitoneal sodium pentobarbital. The trachea was intubated and one jugular vein was cannulated. Then, the mice were ventilated on air, using a small animal ventilator at a rate of 60 strokes/min with a tidal volume of 0.5 ml. Methacholine and serotonin diluted to various concentrations were administered intravenously. Bronchoconstriction was assessed by the modified Konzett-Rossler method. According to their bronchial responsiveness to methacholine and serotonin, the strains were grouped into high- (A/J, DBA/2), middle- (WBB6F_1-W/W_v, -+/+) or low- (C3H/HeN, C56BL/6) responder groups.View full abstractDownload PDF (507K) -
Hirotaka Ohse, Akihiro Nomura, Takeo Endoh, Yoshiko Noguchi, Mikio Sao ...Article type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 48-56
Published: January 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEnkephalinase exists in airway epithelial cells, smooth muscle, and submucosa near glands, and cleaves tachykinins to inactive metabolites, thereby reducing there effects. To study the role of enkephalinase in asthmatic response, we measured its activity in guinea pig model of asthma. When compared with the control values, the enkephalinase activity was reduced during in immediate asthmatic response (RR) and late asthmatic response (LAR). Compared with the control values (100%), each value was 79.7%, 73.4% in the trachea and 74.3%, 55.7% in the lung respectively. Tracheal muscle preparation taken from the control, IAR, and LAR groups were made and mounted in oxygenated modified Kerbs-Ringer solution. The response was monitored by isometric transducer. Concentration response curves to NKA with or without phosphoramidon were obtained. The contactile responses of the LAR groups were enhanced in potency and efficiency. Phosphoramidon potentiated the NKA induced contraction of control and the IAR groups but was less potent in enhancing the contractile response in the LAR group, showing less enkephalinase activity in the LAR. These results suggest that the enkephalinase plays an important role in LAR. In LAR, the enkephalinase activity may be inhibited and the responsiveness of the smooth muscle to some bronchoconstrictor, such as tachykinins, may be increased.View full abstractDownload PDF (840K) -
Nobana Hayashi, Kenji Owa, Satoshi Yoshijima, Takeshi Hatanaka, Yutaka ...Article type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 57-63
Published: January 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA case of cow's milk allergy related to type I and type III allergic reactions is reported. The patient is a one-month-old girl. She had watery diarrhea and abdominal distention soon after commencement of milk feeding two weeks after birth. She was cyanotic and floppy on admission. Intravenous complete hyperalimentation was tried to combat her diarrhea with good clinical effect. Then feeding with 605Z milk (enzyme digested cow's milk antigen, Meiji Milk Products Co., Ltd.) was started, and the diarrhea improved. Laboratory findings showed positive milk PK test, elevated IgE score, and positive milk specific RAST score, decreased serum complement, elevated levels of each immunoglobulin class of milk specific antibodies, especially milk specific IgG1 antibody and increased complement absorption test. She was diagnosed as having milk allergy related to both type I and type III allergies from the above-mentioned results. Specific antibodies were diminished after feeding with 605Z. Although her mother had not taken cow's milk over the past 10 years, she took a lot of milk during her pregnancy. But her serum milk specific antibodies were not elevated. It was suggested that the baby's antibodies were not derived from her mother but that the baby produced them by herself.View full abstractDownload PDF (644K) -
Hiroshi Fujimiya, Hideo Miyata, Shigeru Nakashima, Yoshinori NozawaArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 64-73
Published: January 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSActivation of RBL-2H3 cells by cross-linking their IgE receptors resulted in a biphasic increase in cellular l,2-diacylglycerol (DG) content. The first-phase DG production was coincident with a transient breakdown of phosphatidylnositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP_2). The second large sustained phase of DG accumulation appeared to be derived mainly from phosphatidylcholine (PC) and partly from phosphatidylinositol (PI). The accumulation of phosphatidylethanol (PEt) and the reduction of DG formation in the presence of ethanol suggested that more than 50% of the DG due to PC hydrolysis was formed through the action of phospholipase D. The addition of phorbol myristate acetate or Ca^<2+> ionophore A23187 stimulated the hydrolysis of PC. In protein kinase C (PKC) down-regulated cells, PC hydrolysis induced by A23187 was markedly suppressed. Taken together, these results lead as to speculate that hydrolysis of PC is regulated by the increase in cellular Ca^<2+> and PKC activation through the hydrolysis of PIP_2. The exocytotic response became evident with a 1 min time lag after antigen (Ag) stimulation, followed by the transient breakdown of PIP_2. Ethanol inhibited Ag-stimulated serotonin secretion. The concentration-dependent inhibitory profile of secretion by ethanol correlated well with that of the sustained phase of DG accumulation. These results suggest that sustained DG production, mainly derived from PC through phospholipase D action, plays an important role in maintaining secretory response.View full abstractDownload PDF (1009K) -
Koichi Imaoka, Sakae Inouye, Tooru Takahashi, Yasuhiko KojimaArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 74-80
Published: January 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPerilla frutescens is a Chinese herbal medicine. In this study, we prepared an extract of Perilla frutescens (PFE) and examined its effects on anti-DNP antibody responses in mice. The mice were immunized with DNP-ovalbumin in Alum adjuvant. To examine the effects of PFE on primary antibody responses, PFE was intraperitoneally injected the day before primary immunization. Anti-DNP IgE antibody production was found to be markedly suppressed by PFE injection. Then, we examined the effects on secondary antibody responses. PFE was injected only the day before secondary immunization. Anti-DNP IgE production was markedly suppressed, but IgG response was not so affected. These results suggest that the immunosuppressive effects of PFE are preferentially on IgE production and that PFE may be useful for the suppression of IgE antibody in certain allergic disorders.View full abstractDownload PDF (750K) -
Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 81-82
Published: January 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 83-
Published: January 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (52K) -
Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 83-
Published: January 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (52K) -
Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 84-86
Published: January 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Cover
1993 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages Cover3-
Published: January 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (56K)
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