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Volume 42, Issue 5
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Article type: Cover
1993 Volume 42 Issue 5 Pages Cover24-
Published: May 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Cover
1993 Volume 42 Issue 5 Pages Cover25-
Published: May 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 5 Pages 593-601
Published: May 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Seigi NakachiArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 5 Pages 602-608
Published: May 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMeasurements of IgE levels in the blood of neonates were investigated using filter paper for blood collection in mass screening of congenital metabolic disorders by time-resolved fluoroimmunometric assay. In an analysis of the present results, IgE value of at least 0.015 U/ml, the measurement limit, were considered as high. High IgE levels in filter paper blood were seen in 28 (7.2%) of the 389 cases. When the relation with serum IgE levels at 18 months of age was investigated in 134 of 389 subjects, high serum IgE levels were also found in 86.7% of the subjects with high IgE levels in filter paper blood. In addition, when the relation between family history of atopic disease and presence of atopic disease in the first 18 months of age was investigated in 203 of the 389 subjects, 90% of the subjects with a family history of atopic disease and high IgE levels in filter paper blood developed atopic disease. On the other, 50% and 24.7% of the subjects with low IgE levels in filter paper blood and an atopic family history or no atopic family history, developed atopic disease, respectively. There were significant differences among these three groups (p<0.01). When the relation between IgE levels in filter paper blood and presence of atopic disease in the first 5 years of age was investigated in 87 of the 389 subjects. 95% of the subjects with high IgE levels in filter paper blood developed atopic disease, though 57% of the subjects with low IgE levels developed atopic disease. The specificity of IgE determination in filter paper blood was high: 98% at 18 months and 97% at 5 years of age, while sensitivity in this study was low: 20% and 32%, respectively. Our findings indicate that neonates with high IgE values in filter paper blood results in a high incidence of atopic disease in infants and young children. Further studies are needed in the low sensitivity of IgE determination for atopic disease.View full abstractDownload PDF (718K) -
Shigefusa Hada, Makoto Hashizume, Fumi Yoshioka, Satoshi Nishii, Kojir ...Article type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 5 Pages 609-616
Published: May 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo evaluate the characteristics of platelet TXA_2/PGH_2 receptors in patients with bronchial asthma, we performed radiobinding assay of gel-filtrated washed platelets obtained from 15 asthmatic patients and 8 normal adults using [^3H]-labeled S-145L, a TXA_2/PGH_2 receptor antagonist, as a radiolinged. Data were evaluated by Scatchard's analysis, and the dissociation constant (Kd), an index of the binding characteristic of receptors, and the maximum number of binding sites (B_<max>) were calculated. Venous blood was simultaneously collected and was centrifuged, and platelet-rich plasma was prepared. The platelet aggregation rates induced by various concentrations of U-46619, a TXA_2 analogue, were measured by Born's method (nephelometry), and the concentration that induced 50% of the maximum platelet aggregation (EC_<50>) was calculated using a concentration-response curve. The Kd value did not differ between the asthmatic patients and normal controls. Some of the asthmatic patients showed a low EC_<50> and a high B_<max>. EC_<50> was inversely correlated with B_<max>. The number of platelet TXA_2/PGH_2 receptors was shown to be increased in some asthmatic patients.View full abstractDownload PDF (843K) -
Takashi Yamada, Takeshi Mishima, Yoji IikuraArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 5 Pages 617-627
Published: May 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo investigate the role of eosinophilis in the mechanisms of EIA we determined the changes in the density distribution profiles and ultrastructure of peripheral eosinophils from children with asthma after exercise. The subjects were 20 asthmatic children consisting of 12 EIA-positive patients and 8 EIA-negative patients and 6 normal children. Fifteen, 30 and 60 minutes after exercise, the number of hypodense eosinophils (<1.0825 g/ml) in the EIA-positive group was significantly higher than in the EIA-positive group. In the ultrastructural findings, before exercise the ratio of the area of specific granules to the area of cytoplasm per cell (the ratio SG/C) was significantly higher in the EIA-negative patients than in the EIA-positive patients even before exercise, and the ratio of the degranulated area to the area of cytoplasm per cell (the ratio D/C) was significantly higher in the EIA-positive group than in the EIA-negative group. Thirty minutes after exercise, the ratio D/C had clearly increased in the EIA-positive group. These results suggested that eosinophils in the EIA-positive group were already activated before exercise. It will be necessary to further study the factors activating eosinophils which play some roles in EIA.View full abstractDownload PDF (1344K) -
Makoto Nagata, Kazuaki Tabe, Hideaki Yamamoto, Hitoshi Maruo, Hidenori ...Article type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 5 Pages 628-634
Published: May 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to establish guidelines for the optimal use of rush immunotherapy (RI) in mite-sensitive adult bronchial asthmatics, we clinically analyzed 38 cases treated with RI. In all cases, it was possible to reach a maintenance dose greater than 0.10 ml of 1/10 solution of house dust (HD) within 10 days. Most of the systemic reactions occurred after doses greater than 0.15 ml of 1/10 solution. The patients who showed the maximum size of skin reaction ≧8 cm were susceptible to systemic reactions. Prior to the occurrence of asthma, most cases complained of some prodrome of airway irritation. The clinical efficacy of RI was significantly lower in patients whose FEV1% was <70%, and no difference was observed between patients whose maintenance dosse was 0.10 ml and those whose maintenance dose was greater than 0.20 ml. These results suggest: 1) RI should be performed on patients whose FEV1% is ≧70%, 2) 0.10 ml of 1/10 solution is an optimal dose, 3) when a local skin reaction is ≧8 cm in diameter and/or a prodrome of airway irritation occurs, one should be careful when increasing the dosage.View full abstractDownload PDF (786K) -
Tamiko Mizutani, Jun Kagawa, Satoru ShimizuArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 5 Pages 635-642
Published: May 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSObjective: For the prognoses of asthmatic children, reports tend to be in severe cases because most investigations are performed in specialized facilities. We presumed that the prognoses of overall asthmatic cases including mild and moderate case might be better than that reported, we therefore reviewed cases of bronchial asthma in school children in the past 20 years to investigate the prognoses. Method: Cases of bronchial asthma in school children detected in an asthma survey conducted in Niigate Prefecture in 1969 were followed up in 1974 and 1982. Recently, the prognoses were studied again in 1989, 20 years after the initial survey. The subjects comprised 164 patients (125 males and 39 females). Results: The most recent survey revealed that 68.7% of the subjects were without attacks, 30.4% were suffered for attacks currently and 0.7% had already died. Asthmatic attacks were mild in 83.7% of the subjects with asthma. The largest percentage of subjects (59.4% of males and 30.4% of females) became negative for attacks after they reached 11 to 14 years of age. In all four surveys, 6.3% of males and 17.5% of females were constantly positive for attacks, while 10.9% of males and 30.3% of females became negative for attacks once but subsequently experienced recurrence of the attacks. The prognoses were worse in females than in males. The subjects who continued to have attacks after they reached adolescence were observed to have attacks frequently even after they became adults. One third of subjects with attacks had remittance lasting for two years or more. Remittance was seen in the period between the age of 15 and 25 years in most cases. Attacks tended to be more frequent in subjects who had moved to other prefectures than in those who remained to live in Niigata Prefecture.View full abstractDownload PDF (787K) -
Noriko Kanno, Toshio Abe, Hidemi Asai, Shigemi Yoshihara, Tohju Ichimu ...Article type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 5 Pages 643-648
Published: May 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOne hundred twenty five allergic patients ranging in age from 0 to 36 years old (mean age 9 years) were tested. Intradermal skin tests were performed on the volar surface of the forearm by injection of a five-fold dilution of histamine dihydrochloride (from 1×5^<-5> mg/ml to 1×5^<-2> mg/ml). The wheal diameters increased incrementally with histamine concentration. The whealing capacity of the skin to histamine was found to be significantly lower in patients 0 to 5 years of age. There was no difference in the mean wheal size between patients 6 to 10 and 11 to 15 years of age. The wheal size in patients 16 to 36 years of age were significantly larger than those in the other age groups. The flare diameters also increased incrementally with histamine concentration. The mean diameter of flares was significantly lower in patients 0 to 5 years of age. Concentrations between 1×5^<-3> mg/ml and 1×5^<-2> mg/ml of histamine dihydrochloride should be taken for a positive control in intradermal allergen skin tests.View full abstractDownload PDF (614K) -
Naoki MiuraArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 5 Pages 649-655
Published: May 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRamie (Boehmeria nivea), a plant of the Urticaceae family, is widely distributed in the Nagasaki area, and has been established to be a cause of asthma. The rate of positive reactions to ramie in intradermal tests was 11.7% among adult asthmatic patients in the Nagasaki area. In this study, 10 patients were positive in provocation tests using ramie pollen. Ramie pollen-specific IgE antibodies were measured by ELISA, with the positive provocation test group showing higher O.D. values than the positive intradermal test group (p<0.05). Ramie is of the same family as Pariemria, an important allergen in Europe. The cross-reactivity of ramie and Parietaria was examined by an ELISA inhibition test using P. officinalis and P. judaica (Pj10), but no cross-reactivity was found, suggesting that ramie may be a new independent allergen. As ramie is widely distributed throughout Japan and South-east Asia, further study is needed to determine whether it is an important allergen of the Urticaceae family in this region, as is Pariehria in Europe, and Urtica in America.View full abstractDownload PDF (686K) -
Katsuji UnoArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 5 Pages 656-664
Published: May 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAnalyses of leucocyte migration activating factor (LMAF) and leucocyte migration inhibitory factor (LMIF), and measurements of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-γ (IFNγ) were performed after stimulation of suspected agents in 25 patients thought to be hypersensitivite to antibacterial agents in order to clarify the pathogenic mechanism. The leucocyte migration inhibition test (LMIT) was negative in 6 patients. LMAF was detected in 11 patients and LMIF in 8 patients. IL-2 values (M±SE) were 6.23±l.33 BRPM u/ml in the LMIT-negative group, 17.67±1.68 BRPM u/ml in the LMAF-positive group and 7.98±0.26 BRPM u/ml in the LMIF-positive group. The LMAF-positive group was found to have a significantly higher level of production of IL-2 (p<0.005) than the other groups. Moreover, mathematical analysis revealed a positive correlation between the leucocyte migration indices and IL-2 in the LMAF-positive group (r=0.75, p<0.01). IFNγ was detected in only 3 patients (16% of the LMIT-positive patients), i.e., in 2 patients in the LMAF-positive group and one patient in the LMIF-positive group. The patient in the LMIF-positive group was found to have lower IFNγ values than the patients in the LMAF-positive group. Moreover, examination of the effects of IL-2 and IFNγ on leucocyte migration revealed that IL-2 or IFNγ and LMAF or LMIF were not exactly the same. Our findings indicate that sensitized lymphocytes produce IL-2 in response to stimulation by drug-antigens, that IL-2 increases the production of LMAF and that LMAF may induce inflammation. However IFNγ may be partly involved in the inflammatory reaction. Moreover, LMIF may have the ability to inhibit the production of IL-2 as well as promote inflammation.View full abstractDownload PDF (814K) -
Tomoo TakiguchiArticle type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 5 Pages 665-675
Published: May 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA histological study of thymomas from 17 MG and 1 RCA patients was carried out, taking account of the clinical severity of the patients conditions. The cell surface markers of dispersed thymoma cells were studied before and after in vitro culture with rIL-2 using a panel of T cell monoclonal antibodies by FCM and the histostaining technique. The histological study of the 17 MG thymomas identified 2 invasive, 13 lymphoid hyperplasia, 1 epithelial cell hyperplasia and 1 mixed (lymphoid and epithelial) cell type. There was no clear correlation between the type of histology and the severity of the clinical stage of MG except in 2 patients with thymomas of the histologically invasive type who were in a clinically advanced stage of MG. One thymoma from the PRCA patient was of the histologically mixed cell type. A study of the subpopulations of each thymoma cell showed that the E-rosette-positive and the CD2-positive cells accounted for 77% and 78% of the total thymocytes on the average. There were far fewer mCD3-positive cells (36%) than CD2-positive (78%), CD4-positive (57%) or CD8-positive cells (57%) on the average. After in vitro culture with rIL-2, the percentage of mCD3-positive cells in each thymocyte increased to the level of CD2-positive cells, and the ratio of βF1-positive cells also increased almost to the same level as mCD3-positive cells. but, in most cases, the percentage of WT31-positive cells was not increased by in vitro culture with rIL-2. Percoll density gradient separations of Case 18 and Case 19 thymoma cells showed that the precursors of CD3^+WT31^- cells were enreiched in the intermediate density layers. These results indicate that rIL-2 induced mCD3^-, cCD3^+ and PF1^- immature thymocytes to mCD3^+ and βF1^+ cells, but did not induce the expression of TCRβ gene product (WT31) on their cell surfaces.View full abstractDownload PDF (1715K) -
Yasuyuki Yoshizawa, Hirokazu Ishikawa, Junichi Murayama, Yoshihiro Miy ...Article type: Article
1993 Volume 42 Issue 5 Pages 676-680
Published: May 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present study was undertaken to determine the most specific of the 3 serotypes of Trichosporon cutaneum responsible for summer type hypersensitivity pneumonitis and to elucidate the subclass distribution of the antibody response, which is partly dependent on the nature of the causative antigen. Western blot analysis revealed that serotype II (TIMM 1318) is the most specific antigen for summer type hypersensitivity pneumonitis. The subclass distributions of anti-Trichosporon cutaneum IgG antibodies and IgA antibodies in sera and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) from 13 patients with summer type hypersensitivity pneumonitis and 10 normal volunteers were measured by biotin-avidin-linked immunosorbent assay. The results were as follows, (1) high levels of IgA_2 antibodies were found in BALF, but minute amounts in sera, (2) IgG_1 antibodies were the predominant subclass in sera and BALF, (3) three out of 13 cases showed high levels of IgG_3 antibodies in sera and BALF associated with low levels of IgG_1 antibodies, (4) IgA_1 antibodies were found in both sera and BALF. (5) the levels of all antibody subclasses were higher in BALF than in sera. The subclass distributions suggest that the protein components of Trichosporon cutaneum are predominantly immunogen, although polysaccharides may participate as an antigen in the respiratory tract.View full abstractDownload PDF (499K) -
Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 42 Issue 5 Pages 681-682
Published: May 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 42 Issue 5 Pages 683-684
Published: May 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 42 Issue 5 Pages 685-
Published: May 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 42 Issue 5 Pages 685-
Published: May 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 42 Issue 5 Pages 686-689
Published: May 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
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Article type: Cover
1993 Volume 42 Issue 5 Pages Cover26-
Published: May 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (59K)
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