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Volume 43, Issue 7
Displaying 1-17 of 17 articles from this issue
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Article type: Cover
1994 Volume 43 Issue 7 Pages Cover30-
Published: July 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (402K) -
Article type: Cover
1994 Volume 43 Issue 7 Pages Cover31-
Published: July 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (402K) -
Masako Kayahara, Gyokei Murakami, Yuichi Adachi, Masatomo Matsuno, Yoh ...Article type: Article
1994 Volume 43 Issue 7 Pages 759-765
Published: July 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing histamine inhalation tests, we followed changes in bronchial hypersensitivity in 48 children with atopic dermatitis (AD) who were nonasthmatic on their initial visit. Twenty-three of these subjects became asthmatic during the follow-up period. The respiratory thresholds to histamine RT-Hist) of children with AD were widely distributed, ranging from 156 to more than 5000 μg/ml. There was a statistical difference in RT-Hist, as those who became asthmatic showed lower levels (≦625 pg/ml) at 2-6yr of age. The percentage of peripheral eosinophil counts and IgE level was significantly elevated in those who became asthmatic. Subjects who developed asthma were more likely to have had positive D.p. RAST when they were less than 2 yr of age. The development of asthma in children with AD showed no significant relationship with family history of bronchial asthma.View full abstractDownload PDF (653K) -
Masako Kayahara, Gyokei Murakami, Yuichi Adachi, Masatomo Matsuno, Yoh ...Article type: Article
1994 Volume 43 Issue 7 Pages 766-772
Published: July 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to examine the changes in bronchial hypersensitivity, histamine inhalation tests were evaluated in 27 asthmatic children who remitted. The respiratory threshold to histamine (RT-Hist) 2-3 yrs after reemission was higher than in the initial test, in their worst periods of the asthma and just before remission (P<0.001, P<0.001, P<0.005, respectively). Eleven subjects (40.7%), showed no improvement of bronchial hypersensitivity 2-3 yrs after remission (RT-Hist was 1250 μg/ml or lower). In this group, the asthma score per year two and three years before symptom-free state was higher than in the group with improved bronchial hypersensitivity P<0.05). There was no significant difference between % fall of FEV_<1.0> in RT-Hist in the worst periods of the asthma and 2-3 yrs after remission. FEV_<1.0>/VCP, %V^^・_<50>, %V^^・_<25> and V^^・_<25>/Ht 2-3 yrs after remission were higher than those in the worst periods of the asthma.View full abstractDownload PDF (702K) -
Kumi Nishizawa, Akiko Ohtsuka, Shinichiro Koyama, Takashi HorieArticle type: Article
1994 Volume 43 Issue 7 Pages 773-779
Published: July 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have demonstrated that hyperventilation-induced bronchoconstriction (HIB) is observed in sensitized rabbits, and that histamine may play a role in HIB. To investigate the role of parasympathetic neurotransmission in HIB, the effects of atropine and vagotomy on HIB were examined. Japanese white rabbits were sensitized with ovalbumin. They were then anesthetized and paralyzed with pancuronium, and then mechanically ventilated (TV: 7 ml/kg, RR: 40/min). The rabbits were divided into the following three groups: I) control group (n=7), II) atropine-treated group (n=6), III) bilateral vagotomy group (n=6). Hyperventilation was performed at TV: 7 ml/kg, RR: 120/min for 15 min in dry room air containing 5% CO_2. Totallung resistance (R_L) and dynamic compliance (C_<dyn>) were measured before and at 0, 5, 15 and 30 minutes after hyperventilation. R_L increases significantly at 5 minutes in group 1, but this change was significantly less marked in groups 2 and 3. However C_<dyn> was not significant change in each group. We conclude that parasympathetic neurotransmission may play an important role in HIB of sensitized rabbits.View full abstractDownload PDF (722K) -
Tatsuro KoshibuArticle type: Article
1994 Volume 43 Issue 7 Pages 780-786
Published: July 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUrinary N-methylhistamine (NMH) of the histamine metabolite was determined in non-atopic children to investigate the circadian rhythm and age-dependent changes. Over a period of 24 hours, urinary NMH levels were 330 ± 37 μg/g Cr (Mean ± SE) in the early morning, 396 ± 35 in the morning, 398 ± 31 in the afternoon and 464 ± 35 at night in fourteen non-atopic children (aged 2 months-2 years, Mean=11.9 months, M:F= 10:4). The early morning NMH levels were lower than the night levels p<0.05). Age dependent changes in urinary NMH levels were 482 ± 27 μg/g Cr (Mean ± SE) in the 3-5 month group, 450 ± 37 in the 6-8 month group, 382 ± 26 in the 9-12 month group, 332 ± 29 in the 1-2 year group and 334 ± 33 in the 2-5 year group in fifty-five children (aged 3 months-4.5 years, Mean=1.2 years, M:F=36:19) who had no allergic symptoms. Urinary NMH levels at 3-5 months were higher than those at 9-12 months, 1-2 years and 2-5 years p<0.05, p<0.005, p<0.01), and NMH levels at 6-8 months were higher than they were at l-2 years and 2-5 years p<0.05, p<0.05). In conclusion, to diagnose food hypersensitivity or histamine-induced allergic reactions in children from urinary NMH levels, it is necessary to consider the circadian rhythm and age-dependent changes in urinary NMH levels.View full abstractDownload PDF (713K) -
Tatsuro KoshibuArticle type: Article
1994 Volume 43 Issue 7 Pages 787-795
Published: July 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSN-methylhistamine (NMH) of the urine histamine metabolite, plasma histamine and eosinophil counts in the blood were determined in fourteen atopic children (aged 5 months-6 years, Mean=2.8 years, M:F=7:7) with food hypersensitivities. Urinary NMH levels during six hours in positive provocation tests were much higher than in those of negative provocation tests (534±331 pg/g Cr in positive tests versus 343 ± 58 μg/g Cr in negative [p<0.005]). Eosinophil counts during three hours in positive provocation tests were much lower than they were before the tests (530 ± 239/μl versus 248 ± 142/μl [P<0.001]). However plasma histamine levels were elevated in only three of seven patients in positive food provocation tests. In addition, the percent changes in NMH levels and eosinophil counts in positive provocation tests were much higher than in those of negative provocation tests p<0.02, P<0.001). Therefore it is suggested that changes in urinary NMH levels and eosinophil counts in the blood are good parameters for diagnosing food hypersensitivity in children.View full abstractDownload PDF (937K) -
Noriko Ohmachi, Tetsuo Sasabe, Masuko Kojima, Jun Adachi, Kaoru Endo, ...Article type: Article
1994 Volume 43 Issue 7 Pages 796-799
Published: July 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEye complications were studied in 240 cases of atopic dermatitis (age distribution 9 months to 40 years) hospitalized in the dermatology ward of our hospital. One hundred and thirty-four patients (55.8%) had at least one eye complication. Allergic conjunctivitis, cataracts, vernal conjunctivitis, retinal detachment, keratoconus, and retinal tears were detected in 28.3%, 17.9%, 2.1%, 1.3%, 1.3%, and 0.8%, respectively. Serum IgE levels and eye complications did not correlate. Routine ophthalmological examinations are recommended for patients with atopic dermatitis.View full abstractDownload PDF (414K) -
Haruhisa Mita, Yasuko Sakuma, Takao Shida, Kazuo AkiyamaArticle type: Article
1994 Volume 43 Issue 7 Pages 800-808
Published: July 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAllergen extract was used to perform conjunctival provocation test on patients with Japanese cedar pollen conjunctivitis during the off-season, and histamine, tryptase and immunoreactive-leukotriene C_4(i-LTC_4), which mainly consisted of LTE_4, were measured in the lavage fluids. The results obtained in this study were as following. 1) After instillation of the allergen extract (1:20, w/v, 0.01 ml), histamine reached a maximal level of 4.63 ± 1.67 ng/ml (mean ± SE, n=11) at 5 min. Tryptase appeared more slowly and the peak levels were reached at 5 min (116.6 ± 49.6 ng/ml) or 10 min (119.4 ± 63.8 ng/ml). In another set of the experiments, histamine peaked at 5 min (3.84 ± 1.08 ng/ml, n=7), and i-LTC_4 reached peaks at 5 min (320 ± 44.4 pg/ml) or 10 min (367 ± 64.8 pg/ml). The amounts of these mediators decreased to base-line levels by 30 min. 2) The amounts of histamine retrieved from the lavage fluid were significantly correlated with those of tryptase (r=0.819, p<0.01, n=11) and the weight ratio of tryptase to histamine was 41.2 ± 10.0. These observations suggest that histamine was released from mast cells. 3) A significant correlation between the levels of histamine and i-LTC_4 recovered from the lavage fluids was also observed (r=0.736, p<0.05, n=7). 4) Compound 48/80 was instilled in the right eye (7.5 mg/ml, 0.01 ml) and the left eye was given allergen solution. Compound 48/80 released both histamine and tryptase, but the levels were significantly lower than those observed with the allergen extract. i-LTC_4 generation was not detected in the fluids.View full abstractDownload PDF (887K) -
Toshimichi Imai, Shoujirou Horikoshi, Masatsugu Kurokawa, Keizou Idair ...Article type: Article
1994 Volume 43 Issue 7 Pages 809-814
Published: July 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe investigated the effects of platelet activating factor (PAF) on the release of thromboxane (Tx) B_2 from human granulocytes and platelets. Stimulation of human peripheral whole blood cells by PAF (10^<-5>M) resulted in the production of TxB_2 (p<0.05). When human granulocyte suspensions (2.0 × 10^6/ml) were stimulated by calcium ionophore A23187 (10^<-5>M), TxB_2 levels in the supernatant fluid increased significantly (p<0.01). However PAF (10^<-5>M) did not increase the levels of TxB_2 in granulocyte suspensions. In the presence of cytochalasin B (5 μg/ml), PAF (10^<-8>M, 10^<-7>M, 10^<-6>M) did not induce any significant release of TxB_2 from granulocytes. The levels of TxB_2 in human platelet suspensions were significantly increased by PAF (10^<-5>M) stimulation (p<0.05). These results suggest that PAF induces TxB_2 release from human platelets, but it may not stimulate the production of TxB_2 in human granulocytes.View full abstractDownload PDF (624K) -
Takeshi Yamaguchi, Shuji Tanaka, Seiko Shigeta, Takeshi Wada, Shinji T ...Article type: Article
1994 Volume 43 Issue 7 Pages 815-824
Published: July 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA low-molecular-size antigen, LM2, which possesses a significant activity to elicit histamine release, was isolated from an ultrafilterable (Mr-cutoff <10k) fraction of a mite extract containing feces by consecutive chromatography on Ultrogel AcA 54 and Sephadex G-25. The isolated antigen was still heterogeneous glycoproteins, giving a smeary band around pI 3-5 on an Ampholine PAG plate, with molecular weights of 6-8k and 4k on SDS-PAGE and Sephadex G-50 gel filtration, respectively. Chemical treatments of the antigen suggested that the epitope responsible for the elicitation of histamine release resided in the protein moiety. The antigen had activities to provoke conjunctival congestion and histamine release in mite-allergic patients, but not immunogenicity by itself. The antigen competitively inhibited the reactions of HM1, HM2, and HM3 fractions to corresponding antisera, but did not cross-react with anti-Der f I or anti-Der f II sera.View full abstractDownload PDF (972K) -
Article type: Appendix
1994 Volume 43 Issue 7 Pages 825-
Published: July 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (36K) -
Article type: Appendix
1994 Volume 43 Issue 7 Pages 825-
Published: July 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (36K) -
Article type: Appendix
1994 Volume 43 Issue 7 Pages 825-
Published: July 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (36K) -
Article type: Appendix
1994 Volume 43 Issue 7 Pages 827-
Published: July 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (75K) -
Article type: Appendix
1994 Volume 43 Issue 7 Pages 828-830
Published: July 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (234K) -
Article type: Cover
1994 Volume 43 Issue 7 Pages Cover32-
Published: July 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (163K)
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