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2008 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages
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Article type: Index
2008 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2008 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2008 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages
1-4
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Kimihiro Ohkubo
Article type: Article
2008 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages
73-78
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Mitsuhiro Okano
Article type: Article
2008 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages
79-85
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Article type: Appendix
2008 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages
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Yosuke Kurashima, Jun Kunisawa, Hiroshi Kiyono
Article type: Article
2008 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages
87-94
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Yasuyuki Yoshizawa
Article type: Article
2008 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages
95-101
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Mamiko Shono
Article type: Article
2008 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages
102-106
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Mitsuru Adachi, Ken Ohta, Akihiro Morikawa, Sankei Nishima, Shoji Toku ...
Article type: Article
2008 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages
107-120
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Background: A cross-sectional survey, Asthma Insights and Reality in Japan (AIRJ) conducted in 2000 demonstrated that the level of asthma control and inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) use in Japanese asthmatics were low compared to the average in European countries. The purpose of the AIRJ survey in 2005 was to assess changes in the burden of asthma and asthma management in Japan since 2000 AIRJ survey. Methods: We used identical methods to AIRJ 2000, including random-digit dialing to identify current asthmatics throughout Japan in 2005. A detailed telephone survey which included items on the burden of asthma and clinical management was conducted in 800 households (400 adults, 400 children) from the identified asthmatics. We compared AIRJ 2005 results with those of AIRJ 2000 separately for adults and children with statistical adjustment for differences in population characteristics between AIRJ 2000 and AIRJ 2005. Results: Participants in 2005 reported significantly lower prevalence of symptoms, including a decrease in daytime symptoms in adults (52% to 46%, p=0.046) and a decrease in night-time awaking in children (40% to 33%, p=0.039). The number of patients who experienced one or more asthma episodes in the past year (ER visits, hospitalization, or unscheduled doctor visits) decreased significantly from 2000 in adults (41% to 31%, p<0.01) and children (62% to 49%, p<0.001). ICS use rate increased significantly in adults (12% to 18%, p=0.019) and had a tendency to increase in children (5% to 8%, p=0.059). Conclusions: There have been improvements in the burden of asthma patients and clinical disease management as well as more use of ICS in Japan since 2000. Nevertheless, in most patients, ICS use still remained low, and asthma management fell short of the goals of treatment outlined in the Japanese guidelines. There is a need to increase awareness of and compliance with the asthma guidelines and to popularize standardized therapy in Japan.
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Takahiro Tsuburai, Haruhisa Mita, Naomi Tsurikisawa, Chiyako Oshikata, ...
Article type: Article
2008 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages
121-129
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Background: The measurement of several mediators in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) can be useful as the biomarker for asthma. But there are a few reports about EBC of asthmatics in Japan. Aim: We examined the safety of the collection of EBC and the utility of cysteinyl leukotriene (cysLTs) in EBC as the biomarker of asthma. Methods: Fifty-three asthmatics and eleven subjects without asthma were recruited. After the measuring of exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) and spirometory, EBC were collected. The levels of cysLTs in EBC were measurement by ELISA within 2 months. Results: The collection of EBC did not induce any other symptoms in all subjects. In 48 subjects, the collection significantly increased their FEV_1 and MMF level (ΔFEV_1: 2.27±0.77%, ΔMMF 14.6±3.92% (mean±SEM). The level of cysLTs in EBC on asthmatics treated with high-dose ICS was significantly high compared with control group (p=0.0034), steroid-naive asthmatics or asthmatics treated with low-dose ICS (steroid naive vs. high dose ICS, p=0.041, low dose ICS vs. high dose ICS, p=0.021). The relationship between cysLTs in EBC and the levels of LTE_4 in urine was significantly correlated (n=34, r=0.32, p=0.0435). The relationship between cysLTs in EBC and the levels of eNO was significantly correlated only in steroid-naive asthmatics (r=-0.57, p=0.0369). There was no relationship between cysLTs in EBC and FEV_1, or log PC_<20Ach>. Conclusion: The collection of EBC was perfectly non-invasive. The level of cysLTs can be useful as a biomarker of asthma.
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Yoshikazu Kameyoshi, Toshihiko Tanaka, Mitsuru Mochizuki, Osamu Koro, ...
Article type: Article
2008 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages
130-137
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Background: Sweat(ing) is a common aggravating factor of atopic dermatitis (AD), and many school children with AD experience the exacerbation of their disease in summer. Objective: We evaluated the usefulness of taking shower at the school for the management of AD in summer. Methods: Fifty-eight school children with moderate or severer atopic dermatitis were enrolled in the study. Subjects were allocated to one of following groups, group A: no shower (n=15), group B: 4-weeks shower (n=22), group C1:2-weeks shower in the first half (n=11), or group C2:2-weeks shower in the latter half (n=10), and took (or did not take) shower at the school from the beginning of September. Disease severity was evaluated on day 0, 2 weeks later and 4 weeks later using SCORAD scoring system. Results: Significant improvements in SCORAD scores after 4 weeks were observed only in groups B and C1. When the subjects were sub-divided by the severity of the disease, the significant effect of shower was limited to the patients with severe and most severe disease. Similar results were obtained with a modified SCORAD score in which subjective symptoms were excluded. Conclusion: It is useful to take showers at the school for the management of AD for the children with severer disease.
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Akiko Morita, Naoko Inomata, Mio Kirino, Zenro Ikezawa
Article type: Article
2008 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages
138-146
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Background・Aim: Oral allergy syndrome (OAS) to plant foods is often caused by cross-reactivity to pollen. We investigated whether there was any significant correlation between sensitization to the pollen of alder and Japanese cedar flying off in spring and prevalence of OAS in Yokohama region. Methods: We measured specific IgE antibodies (CAP-FEIA: CAP) against alder and Japanese cedar in 337 outpatients with skin allergy in 2005 (M:F=167:170, 33.4 years of age, on the average). In the patients who showed positive response to CAP against alder and Japanese cedar, we also tested response to CAP against rBet v1 and rBet v2. In addition, we statistically analyzed whether there was any correlation between prevalence of OAS and sensitization to the pollen. Results: Ratio of positive response to CAP against alder was 23.4% (79 cases) while that to CAP against Japanese cedar was 73.7% (244 cases). Response to CAP against rBet v1 and rBet v2 was tested in 55 cases, and the ratio of positive response to CAP against rBet v1 was 43.6% (24 cases) while that to CAP against rBet v2 was 27.3% (15 cases). Prevalence of OAS showed a significant positive correlation (p<0.001) with sensitization to alder, but no correlation with sensitization to Japanese cedar. Conclusion: It was suggested that sensitization to alder pollen would be involved in prevalence of OAS in Yokohama region.
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2008 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages
147-150
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2008 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages
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Article type: Bibliography
2008 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages
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2008 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages
153-155
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2008 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages
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2008 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages
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Article type: Cover
2008 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages
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