地理学評論 Ser. A
Online ISSN : 2185-1735
Print ISSN : 0016-7444
ISSN-L : 0016-7444
57 巻, 11 号
選択された号の論文の5件中1~5を表示しています
  • 式 正英
    1984 年 57 巻 11 号 p. 757-760
    発行日: 1984/11/01
    公開日: 2008/12/25
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 吉田 隆彦
    1984 年 57 巻 11 号 p. 761-780
    発行日: 1984/11/01
    公開日: 2008/12/25
    ジャーナル フリー
    今世紀初頭より絹人絹織機の生産から姶まった金沢の機械工業は,今日 (1982年末) 600余の事業所と,関連部門を含め約1.4万人の従業者とを擁し,金沢市の工業の基幹を占める.その製品は歴史の長い繊維機械のほか, 1960年代から金属工作機械,荷役運搬機械,食品加工機械,木工機械,農業機械などに多角化し,かつ省力化の要請は電気機械(強電制御機器系統)をも成長させ,独立した部門を形成せしめた.この多角化の過程は,一貫して地場生えぬきの企業群によって担われてきた.戦後は,たまたま自動車工業や電機(軽・弱電部門)工業などの成長部門をもたず,他地方の機械工業に比べると,取り残された印象を受ける.ところがこのことは,わが国で土着的な機械工業が自律的に発展をとげるに際して,どのような空間的展開を示すかを追跡するには,金沢をすこぶる好個の対象とするものである.
    金沢市とその周辺に集積する機械工業は,単一業種または単一企業の工業の影響のはなはだ強い富山市(不二越など),あるいは石川県内の小松市(小松製作所)とも,加賀市(大同工業)とも異質の内容の集積をもっている.しかも,量産型軽機械工業部門を欠くにもかかわらず,さまざまな素材や部品,また加工サービスを提供する小・零細規模の工場の集団が機能するシステムができている.その上,金沢の機械工業は,景観的には著しく都市的(市街地的)である.本研究では, 1. 機械工業が空間的にたどった変遷の過程を示し, 2. 市街地が拡大し,土地利用の競合が激化する今日,この工業がいかなる立場におかれるに至ったかを考察した.
  • 高橋 春成
    1984 年 57 巻 11 号 p. 781-790
    発行日: 1984/11/01
    公開日: 2008/12/25
    ジャーナル フリー
    In recent years, wild boar farms have appeared in various areas in order to produce their flesh. Although wild boars have been treated mainly as vermin or game, such new domestication is also considered to be one of the biogeographical themes.
    The author made a preliminary study of these phenomena in Japan through questionnairing. New domestication of wild boars is divided into two forms such as raising of wild boars and raising of ino-buta (hybrid between wild boar and pig). The former has developed since around 1975 when hunting number of wild boars began to decrease in spite of increasing demand for their flesh. The latter has been introduced to improve fleshy substance in pig since around 1970 and to solve problematic factors on number of litter and fattening term in raising of wild boars.
    With regard to operation, there are three types such as individual operation, group operation and entrusting. Less than 50 head of wild boars are raised in individual operation, but there are some large scale raising in group operation and entrusting. Especially, entrusting is thought to be one of the effective systems that make security of labor and land for enlarging a scale. Generally, operators give assorted feed for pig keeping to wild boars from the view point of facility and reduction of labor. In raising of wild boars, potatoes, cereals, edible herbs, grass, nut, and bone and scraps of fish and chicken are often supplied in order to improve the quality of flesh. Excrementitious matter is utilized as manure almost all.
    The distribution of wild boars is as follows. There are two courses in the trade of wild boars. One is the trade of little wild boars to those who wish to keep them or want to keep more wild boars. The other is the trade of fattened one as flesh or mating. Main destinations of flesh are restaurants, hotels, and wholesale stores of flesh of wild boars. In the trade of ino-beta, fattened one is shipped for flesh, and little one is scarcely dealt with.
    Although new domestication of wild boars for flesh is an interesting attempt, there are some problems to be solved such as insufficiency of labor and land for enlarging a scale, techniques of raising, unbalanced connection between producer and consumer, and fluctuations of market prices.
  • 沖津 進
    1984 年 57 巻 11 号 p. 791-802
    発行日: 1984/11/01
    公開日: 2008/12/25
    ジャーナル フリー
    There has been a discrepancy between the European view of the term “alpine” zone and the Japanese one. European researchers consider orthodoxically the alpine zone as a tree-less area covered with ericaceous dwarf shrubby cushion plants between the timberline at its lower limit and the climatic snow line at its upper limit. Japanese researchers have traditionally reckoned the alpine zone as an area covered with the extension of the Pinus pumila thickets admixing many alpine-boreal elements above the forest limit. Japanese phytosociologists have recently payed attention to such a traditional Japanese view of the alpine zone. The author is much interested in this problematic usage of the term “alpine”; in the present study, an approach is made to this subject through his own research on the ecology of the P. pumila thickets carried out in Mts. Taisetsu, Central Hokkaido.
    Compared with the European alpine communities with those of Japan, it is clear that the latter is fundamentally different from the former because of the well-establishment of the P. pumila thickets rich in boreal forest elements and the high productivity of P. pumila itself which is nearly equal to that of the Abies-Picea forest. Thermally, WI of the area occupied by the P. pumila thickets is no less than WI=15 that has been considered to coincide with the northern forest limits. Further, P. purnila thickets differ fundamentally from the conifer krummholz which is highly popular to the European high mountains though the thickets look like the krummholz forms. The latter forms the component of the forest while the former never forms the forest.
    The author concluded that the traditional definition of the “alpine” zone in Japan should be abandoned, and that the P. pumila thicket belongs essentially to the upper part of the forest zone in the vertical distribution. Another conclusion is that the so-called alpine zone occupied with the extension of the P. pumila thickets in Japanese high mountains as well as at Mts. Taisetsu does not strictly correspond to the krummholz zone at the upper part of the forest zone in European high mountains
    The Japanese alpine zone is a unique and independent vegetational zone, and it is not the fragment of the forest zone such as the conifer krummholz zone in Europe.
  • 1984 年 57 巻 11 号 p. 803-807,812
    発行日: 1984/11/01
    公開日: 2008/12/25
    ジャーナル フリー
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