地理学評論 Ser. A
Online ISSN : 2185-1735
Print ISSN : 0016-7444
ISSN-L : 0016-7444
58 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の6件中1~6を表示しています
  • 高野 史男
    1985 年 58 巻 2 号 p. 63-66
    発行日: 1985/02/01
    公開日: 2008/12/25
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 鳥谷 均
    1985 年 58 巻 2 号 p. 67-79
    発行日: 1985/02/01
    公開日: 2008/12/25
    ジャーナル フリー
    静穏な晴夜に長野県菅平盆地で形成される冷気湖の発達過程を明らかにし・これと冷気流を含めた盆地内の局地循環との関係を考察するために観測を行なった・この結果・次のことがわかった. (1) 夜間,盆地内の大気層は3層からなっている.すなわち,下層から, (i)風のほとんどない安定層, (ii) 盆地底で最低気温が現われる時刻に,周囲の斜面で形成された風が流入する安定層, (iii) 一般風が卓越する中立な層である. (2) 日没後,一般風が弱まると,盆地底では盆地の短軸方向の風向をもつ弱い風が,斜面上では斜面下降風(冷気流)が現われる.盆地底の上空では冷気湖が形成され,しだいに発達する. (3) 上空で吹く一般風が弱い時には,冷気湖の厚さは周囲の尾根の平均的な高度の1/2に達する.(4)夜間,上空の風が一時的に強くなる“ブレイク”の時期がある.この時,冷気湖は薄くなり,斜面上でも気温が上昇する. (5) 斜面下降風(冷気流)の吹走時には,斜面上は盆地底に比べて気温の低下が小さい.また,風速の時間変化は40~50分, 20分前後,気温の時間変化は50~60分, 30~40分,20分前後の周期が卓越する.
  • 高野 岳彦
    1985 年 58 巻 2 号 p. 80-96
    発行日: 1985/02/01
    公開日: 2008/12/25
    ジャーナル フリー
    漁業の労働市場は,一般労働市場に比べて閉鎖的な性格をもつといわれている.地理学にとっては,この閉鎖性の地域的側面を通して,漁業を分析する視点と方法の確立が必要である.本稿では,労働市場の地域的閉鎖性の実態が,漁船乗組員の編成における地縁集団性の程度によって把握できると考え,これを客観的にとらえる方法を案出して,現実の漁港への適用を試みることを目的とする.
    漁港労働市場を構成する各漁船の乗組員構成を,主に地区漁協の範囲に基づいて設定した「地縁集団」別に把握する.次に,漁船をひとつの統計区とみなして,各地縁集団の漁船乗組員としての凝集性を「分立指数」(セグリゲーション・インデックス)によって測定する.この方法により,三陸地方の5つの主要漁港の代表的な漁業種別に成立する11の労働市場の地域的開放・閉鎖性を分析した.その結果,高い凝集性をもつ「分立的」な船員集団を含む閉鎖的労働市場の例としてイカ釣り,サケマス流網漁業を,逆に「融合的」集団により構成される開放的労働市場の例としてマグロ延縄漁業,遠洋底曳漁業を見出した.
  • 坂口 良昭, 由比浜 省吾
    1985 年 58 巻 2 号 p. 97-102
    発行日: 1985/02/01
    公開日: 2008/12/25
    ジャーナル フリー
    This symposium was organized to discuss the rapid transfiguration of the Seto Inland Sea Area for the last 25 years from six viewpoints; transportation revolution, urbanization, indusrti-alization, water resources, agricultural change and development of islands. Presented papers are as follows.
    1. Yokoyama, S.: Effect of the development of new transportation system
    2. Kitagawa, K.: Change of urban functions of the cities in this area
    3. Murakami, M.: Industrial development of the area-change from new industrial citites and special industrialization region to technopolis-
    4. Moritaki, K.: Water resource problems
    5. Yokota, T.: Transfiguration of agriculture and rural villages-using tobacco farming as an indicator-
    6. Uchiyama, Y.: Transfiguration of the mikan (Japanese orange) producing region- case of In'no Shima City-
    7. Asano, H.: Effects and future problems of the development Aact of Isolated Islands
    Two comments were given to each paper by commentators.
    This symposium was characterized by many comments from many specialists in various fields concerned with regional development ; seven geographers, two economists, two local administrators and one agricultural scientist. Therefore, each opinion was diversified, suggestive and stimulating. Our purpose was to review the human geographical studies on the Seto Inland Sea Area and to prepare for the further study on the change of this area. We are convinced that these aims were attained.
  • 竹内 啓一, 野澤 秀樹
    1985 年 58 巻 2 号 p. 103-112
    発行日: 1985/02/01
    公開日: 2008/12/25
    ジャーナル フリー
    This symposium was organised as a first attempt to hold a discussion among Japanese geographers interested in the history of Japanese geographical thought, under the stimulus of world-wide new trends in which the history of geographical thought is studied as a part of intellectual history or the history of science. Here, the term “geographical thought” connotes not only geographical ideas or theories of professional or academic geographers but also ideologies and conceptions concerning the spatial relationships and geographical environments of specialists other than geographers and of the common people. Geographical thought in this broader sense has been expressed not only by means of languages in the narrow sense of the term (langue) but also by other means of expression (langage) such as the pictorial or the cartographical or that of spatial planning. Having specified the fundamental stance as quoted in the above title, the organisers next requested papers for presentation at the symposium, tentatively proposing the following six main topics:
    1. Diffusion and successive transmission of indigenous and/or traditional thought in Japan and East Asia and the continuation or non-continuation of this traditional or indigenouse thought into modern Japanese geography after the Meiji period.
    2. Diffusion and acceptance of geographical knowledge and geographical thought of Western origin in pre-modern Japan, their articulation with modern geography in Japan and various transformations.
    3. Geography and geographical thought in the Meiji period prior to the establishment of academic geography in Japan.
    4. Founders of the academic geography of Japan, their successors (orthodox geographers), innovators in academic geography and “outsider” geographers.
    5. The sociology of geography as a sociology of science.
    6. Relationships (involving acceptance, refutation or influence) of the Japanese national school of geography with foreign geographical schools or foreign geographers.
    In response, the following papers were contributed: Unno, K. (Osaka University): Conceptions of the Early Modern Japanese regarding their own Nation.
    Naito, M. (University of Tokyo): Changing conceptions of soil and water (suido) in the agronomical books of the Early Modern Period: from adaptation to the environment to transformation of the environment.
    Kamozawa, I. (Hosei University): Why there were no successors within the academy to the geographical thought of the Meiji enlightenment thinkers.
    Ashikaga, K. (Kyoto University): Historical geography of the Early Showa Period.
    Nishikawa, O. (University of Tokyo): The geographical methodology of Taro Tsujimura (1890_??_1983).
    Yatsu, E. (Joetsu University of Education): A personal view of geomorphological studies in Japan, especially between 1940_??_65.
    Ishimitsu, T. (Kobe University): Doctor E. A. Ackerman and Natural Resource Polcies under the Allied Forces Occupation.
    Tatsuoka, H. (Tokyo Metropolitan University): The acceptance of R. Hartshorne in Japan.
    Yamada, M. (Osaka Kyoiku University): Diffusion processes of the so-called New Geography in Japan.
    The paper session and general discussion were presided over by K. Nakamura (Komazawa University), M. Senda (Nara Women's University), Y. Otake (Joetsu University of Education) and H. Nozawa.
    Unno pointed out that in comparison with the rather pessimistic conception of Japan under the influence of Buddhist cosmology in the Mediaeval period, the conception of Japan in the Early Modern period was characterised by an optimistic view evidenced by the admiration of the Japanese people for their own land. N. Honi (Hiroshima University), in the capacity of commentator on Unno's paper, pointed out the egocentric political intentions of the rulers of Early Modern Japan who had seclusionism as their political target and confucianism as their ideology.
  • 稲田 道彦
    1985 年 58 巻 2 号 p. 113-115,119
    発行日: 1985/02/01
    公開日: 2008/12/25
    ジャーナル フリー
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