Migration can be classified as either regional migration or residential mobility, depending on the presence or absence of changes in migrants' jobs (Clark, 1985). Regional migration disrupts the general patterns of particular jobs by long-distance moves. Residential mobility does not necessarily disrupt job patterns, but involves short-distance moves to improve housing conditions. In order to understand the characteristics of residential mobility in the suburban areas of the Tokyo Metropolitan Area (M. A.), this paper attempts to clarify the relationship between residential mobility and household attributes based on the direction and the distance of the move, using Chiba City as a case study. The results of the analysis are as follows:
The relationship between the direction of residential mobility and household attributes: The migrants' residences before moving to Chiba City were distributed all over Chiba Prefecture, the eastern part of Kanagawa, the southeastern part of Saitama Prefecture, and the eastern part of the Tokyo Metropolis (Fig. 1). The author designates these areas of distribution as the residential mobility area of Chiba City.
All household moves are grouped into the following categories: 1) the 23 wards of Tokyo, 2) the areas along the Sobu Line, 3) other areas in Chiba Prefecture, and 4) all other moves'. The moves in Groups (1) and (2), which constitute about 55% of all moves, can be explained with the sectoral theory of Adams (1969). The moves in Groups (3) and (4), on the other hand, cannot be explained by Adams' theory. As the moves are analyzed in terms of the commuting destinations of household heads, the proportion of those who commute to Chiba City is higher for Group (3) than for the other three groups, while 83% of those belonging to Group (4) commute to the 23 wards of Tokyo (Table 5).
The relationship between the distance of residential mobility and household attributes: Hayashi's Quantification Theory I was applied in order to elucidate this relationship. It was found that the types of housing before and after the move were the most important determinants of the moving distance. The category score for each of the attributes shows that moving into one's own independent house lengthens the moving distance and that moving from one's own independent house shortens it (Fig. 2). The next important factor affecting the moving distance is the source of housing information. Moves based on housing information magazines result in a longer moving distance, because those magazines cover the entire Tokyo M. A.
The correlation coefficient between the calculated moving distance based on Quantification Theory I and the actual moving distance is 0.465. Calculated on the basis of the commuting destination of household heads, the correlation coefficient for those commuting to Chiba City is 0.732, for those commuting to the 23 wards of Tokyo 0.458, and for those commuting to other areas 0.763. The moving distance of households with the head commuting to Tokyo appears to be influenced by other factors as well.
抄録全体を表示