寒地型牧草のための肥培樹，庇陰樹としてのマメ科先駆樹種ネムノキの特性を評価するため，ネムノキがオーチャードグラス（Og）の生育に及ぼす影響を調べた。ネムノキの孤立木とOgが同所的に生育する3か所において，ベルトトランセクト法によりOgの草丈，収量を測定し，樹冠内外で飼料成分含量を比較した。草丈，乾物収量はネムノキの樹幹に近づくにつれ漸次高くなった。樹冠内が高い成分は，2番草におけるCP，DE，OCC+Oaであり，これら蛋白質・可消化エネルギー関連成分は番草を問わず樹冠内が高い傾向にあった。樹冠外が高い成分は，2番草におけるObであり，また番草を問わず繊維性成分は樹冠外が高い傾向にあった。TDN収量，CP収量は，1番草において樹冠内の方が樹冠外より高かった。収量特性における樹冠内外差は1番草においてより顕著であり，一方栄養特性における内外差は2番草でより顕著であった。これらの結果はOgの生育に影響を及ぼす主要環境要因がネムノキ樹冠内において一様ではなく，樹幹に近づくにつれて漸次好適になること，およびネムノキは夏が暑い日本でOgのための肥培樹，庇陰樹として機能しうることを示唆する。

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An one-operation seeding machine was developed, combining a vertical-axis type harrow and a pneumatic seeder for silage corn (Zea mays L.) planting in crop rotation with Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), and corn growth and work efficiency were compared between the one-operation seeding method and a conventional tillage and seeding method. The working hour of seeding by the one-operation seeding machine was 14min/10a (work speed was 0.6m/s), and it corresponded to 35% of the conventional method. And, in the one-operation method, the work efficiency was expected as 2ha per person in 6 hours. The average corn yield from 2008 to 2012 was 1,956kg/10a and 1,942kg/10a in the conventional method and the one-operation method, respectively, and there was no significant difference between the two methods. Thus, it was concluded that the one-operation method was labor saving technique, and that its corn yield would be at the same level as that in the conventional method. However, it was also clarified that, in the one-operation method, aftermath of Italian ryegrass in the previous cropping affected the corn yield, and the one-operation seeding should be implemented before Italian ryegrass regrow until 36cm.

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Five festulolium cultivars (Nakei 1, Nakei 2, Tohoku 1, Tohoku 4, and Barfest) were sown on September 30, 2010, and grown for three years. The first cutting was performed on May 31, 2013; second cutting, July 17, 2013; third cutting, September 2, 2013; and fourth cutting, October 21, 2013. We investigated the total polyphenol content, anti-oxidative activity, and dry matter yield. Significant differences in total polyphenol content and anti-oxidative activity were not detected between cultivars in the first, second, and third crops, but were detected in the fourth crop. Cultivars with higher resistance to heat stress during summer in Japan (Nakei 1 and Nakei 2) did not show a trend for increasing total polyphenol content and anti-oxidative activity, as compared to the other cultivars. The results suggest that the total polyphenol content and anti-oxidative activity of festulolium are not associated with resistance to heat stress during summer in Japan.

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