本研究は,メッシュデータを利用し,住宅環境要素を示す社会・経済および自然条件と持家住宅立地との関係を, 1975年の東京大都市圏において検討し,その関係の解明を通して,東京大都市圏の地域構造を明らかにしようとしたものである.
まず初めに,東京大都市圏の持家住宅分布を方向・圏域別に検討し,持家住宅分布が示す地域的差異を把握した.それによると,持家住宅の分布密度は,西郊と南郊で高く,東郊と北郊が低いのに対し,持家住宅が全住宅に占める割合は,東郊と北郊で高く,西郊と南郊で低いなど,対照的ともいえる地域的差異のあることが明らかになった.
次に,このような持家住宅分布の地域的差異が,各地域におけるさまざまな住宅環境要素と持家住宅立地とのかかわり方の差異に帰因すると想定し,主成分分析により要約された住宅環境要素と,持家住宅数との関係を回帰分析によって検討した.そして,残差に基づいて地域の類型化を行ない,地域構造の把握を試みた・この分析の結果,西郊では東京都心から約12kmの範囲まで,各類型が同心円状の配列形態を示し,その外側で扇形状の配列形態を示すのに対し,東郊は東京都心に近接した4km以遠の範囲から扇形状の配列形態を示すことが明らかになった.この配列形態に表われた地域構造の差異は,東京都心との結びつきの強さが方向によって異なるために形成されたと考えられる.

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各種の工業が立地するいわゆる複合工業地域においては,しばしば先行産業の存在が認められる.既存の工業が何らかのかたちで関与しつつ,新しい工業を発生させていく過程は,工業地域の形成過程とその構造を明らかにするうえで重要である.本論は,浜松地域における二輪車工業の展開を通して,二輪車工業地域の形成とその成立基盤を明らかにし,先行産業の存在,既存の工業の新興工業へのかかわり方を論じようとするものである.
浜松地域における二輪車工業は,第二次大戦後,無線機用のエンジンを改良して,自転車に装着することから始まった.その後,二輪車メーカーの叢生をみたが,有力メーカーの量産化,販売体制の強化などの前に中小メーカーは潰えた.しかし,競争に勝ち残ったメーカー3社を頂点として,下請工場群が集積し,二輪車工業地域が形成された.その過程で,繊維機械工業や楽器工業をはじめとする各種先行産業が,技術・資本・設備あるいは下請工場化するなどのかたちで二輪車工業の成立に関与し,新しい工業が発展するに至った.一方,二輪車は,さらに新たな工業への基礎となった.ここにも工業連関の存在と,それによる新しい工業地域の形成を認めることができる.

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Okushiri Island is located on the Okushiri Rise, which is regarded to be an active zone adjacent to the nascent trench as the plate bonudary between the Eurasian and North American plates (e. g. Nakamura, 1983), continuing from Japan Basin to Toyama Trough (Fig. 1). This island is composed of a series of Pleistocene marine terraces up to the top of the island, 584m high. The height of the last interglacial terrace ranges from ca. 120m to the north to ca. 70m to the south, showing a southward downtilting with a slight easterly component. The maximum uplift rate since the last interglacial age is estimated at 0.9m/1, 000 yrs (Miyaura, 1975).
Holocene marine terraces are observed intermittently along the east coast and are subdivided into two, the upper and the lower, at some places (Figs. 2 and 3) . The width of terraces is less than about 50 m except the northern and southern tip of the island. Terrace deposits, composed of coarse sand and rounded gravel without fine matrix, are less than 1 m in thickness, indicating a mainly wave-cut origin for these terraces (Fig. 4) . A glassy tephra layer of about 10 cm thick overlies on a buried soil developed on the lower terrace deposits, or interbedded within dune sand, formed on the upper terrace. This tephra probably erupted about 500 y. B. P., judging from ¹⁴C date of the buried soil, immediately beneath the tephra layer, and is tentatively named “Ok tephra”. The height of marine limit or of the inner edge of terraces is about 8_??_40m a, m. s.1. for the upper terrace and 4_??_6m a. m. s. 1, for the lower one. The presence of the late, Jomon archeological site on the upper terrace at Yamasetomari indicates that the upper terrace has emerged ca. 4, 000 y. B. P. at the latest and is probably correlated with the Holocene terrace of the other parts of Hokkaido, which was formed in association with the postglacial sea level rise, the culmination of which was ca. 6, 000 y. B. P. The lower one is assumed to have emerged considerably earlier than ca. 500 y. B. P., based on the age of buried soil underlying Ok tephra. An exact age of the emergence of these terraces, however, is not confirmed.
On the other hand, Holocene lowlands are developed near the mouth of the Aka River and Wasabiyachi River at an altitude of 6_??_8m a. m. s. 1. and are traced inland along the rivers (Fig. 5). Excavations were carried out at four localities on these lowlands in order to collect continuous samples for the facies observation, radiocarbon dating and diatom analysis. The lowland is underlain by a terrestrial peat layer up to 3 m in thickness overlying a marine silt and sand bed, whose upper limit, identified by the facies and diatom analysis, is about 4m a. m. s. 1. near the river and about 6m amsl near the valley edge (Figs. 6 and 7). The 14C date from the upper part of the marine bed is ca. 4, 600 y. B. P. and that obtained from the basal part of the peat bed is ca. 4, 000 y. B. P. Accordingly, the emergence of these lowlands is assumed to have taken place nearly at the same time, when the upper terrace along the coast emerged. The above-mentioned marine bed possibly represents the latest phase of the postglacial transgression and its emergence may be later than that of the open coast in such a lowland along the river.
It is certain that at least two relative sea level stillstands during the Holocene are recorded in Okushiri Island. The rate of uplift since the formation of the upper terrace is estimated to be at least 1.2m/1, 000 yrs under the assumption that the sea level of ca. 6, 000 y. B. P. was 2m higher than the present one. It is equal or slightly higher than that for the last interglacial terrace. In Hokkaido, such a high rate of uplift can be found only in Okushiri Island and the western coast, as far as our investigation proves (Fig. 8).

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