Taiikugaku kenkyu (Japan Journal of Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences)
Online ISSN : 1881-7718
Print ISSN : 0484-6710
ISSN-L : 0484-6710
Volume 19, Issue 4-5
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
  • Article type: Cover
    1974 Volume 19 Issue 4-5 Pages Cover13-
    Published: December 25, 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Article type: Cover
    1974 Volume 19 Issue 4-5 Pages Cover14-
    Published: December 25, 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (29K)
  • Yuzo Kishino
    Article type: Article
    1974 Volume 19 Issue 4-5 Pages 167-174
    Published: December 25, 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Following the inception of the term sport science in 1960s, terms such as history of sport, sociology of sport, and sport psychology have also been popularly used. These are all specific disciplinary areas of study in sport science. Therefore, so far as history of sport is also going to be studied as one of the specific disciplines in this new science, it must be a prerequisite for the students of sport history to fully understand the nature of sport science. Though it is a well-recognized concept that the study of sport activities had so far studied as an area of research in physical education, it has recently been further developed from the narrowly conceptualized physical pedagoics to the broad concept of science of physical culture. As a consequence, today, it is necessary to identify the relationship existing between science of physical culture and sport science in order to pursue fruitfully the studies of history of physical education and sport. Therefore, in this brief treaties, the present author took up the problem of sport science and history of sport as shown for the title and tried to solve it from the following four points of view: 1) the relationship between sport science and science of peysical culture, 2) the origin and nature of sport science, 3) the relation between sport science and history of sport, and 4) the perspectives of history of sport as a discipline
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  • Kengo Fujiwara
    Article type: Article
    1974 Volume 19 Issue 4-5 Pages 175-188
    Published: December 25, 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In this stuy, the functions of sports for the reinforcement of social norms and values were examined, and it's backgound considered. Some findings are as follows. (1) From the survey of the people of Awajishima and the students of a Department of Physical Education, next three points were found : (a) the function of sprts for the reinforcement of social norms and values is appraised higher than it's dys-function; (b) according to the survey of physical education majors, the rate of (a) was about half of the case at Awajishima; at the sametime, (c) the evaluation of dys-function of sports for the reinforcement of social norms and values was high among physical education majors. (2) The backgrounds of function of sports for reinforcement of social norms and values were found to come from next three points: (a) primarily, the relationship between sport and socialization was recognized; (b) the sport group has the function as primary group in contemporary society; and, (c) the sport itself has the effect of competition and cooperation. Having in mind the comparison between these backgrounds and these of findings of findings of survey, some unsolved problems were pointed out.
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  • Kando Kobayashi, Juzo Kuroda, Hideji Matsui
    Article type: Article
    1974 Volume 19 Issue 4-5 Pages 189-200
    Published: December 25, 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The relationship between physical fitness and physical activity in abolescents was longitudinally investigated for 19 months. The subjects were 266 healthy males (industry workers) aged 15-17 years. Three groups of subjects were classified according to the difference of their physical activity time: Group A (23-45 min/week), B (45-90 min/week), and C (180-270 min/week). The physical fitness program containing weight training, circuit training and long distance running was carried out on group C for l8 months. The physical performance tests, consisted of 12 items, were tested in every six months on all subjects. The results were as follows: 1. In groups A and B, test results in flexibility, muscle strength, pull-up, ball throw and vertical jump were improved according to the age advanced, but endurance was depressed remarkably. Comparing to the mean value of high school boys, the ratios of improvement in performance tests were lower in all items except for muscle strengh and agility. 2. In group C, all performance test recordings were improved according to the age advanced. Agility and endurance were improved rapidly in a short time (6 months) after the physical fitness program was started. On the other hand, it took long time (12-18 moths) to improve the ability of 50m dash and vertical jump. 3. In muscle strength, group C was stronger than the control group (high school boys) in 16 years old, but no significant differences were found in quantitative increase for one year in hand grip, arm flex strength and significant differences in back strength and leg extensor strength were recognized. 4. After physical fitness program was carried out for 19 months, the maximum oxygen intake of group C (n=74) was recorded to be 3.08 l/min or 52.21 ml/kg.min.
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  • Kiyonori Kawahatsu
    Article type: Article
    1974 Volume 19 Issue 4-5 Pages 201-206
    Published: December 25, 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The maximum force, velocity and power of the right leg were investigated as one of the measures of local anaerobic work capacity on 277 males aged frm 15 to 72 years. Maximum isometric strength as on evaluative measure of force was recorded while knee extension effort was exerted from the right angle position, during sitting on a chair apparatus. Velocity during dynamic knee extension without any weight loaded was measured by use of an electrogoniometer. Power in terms of the maximum value measured by the weight load system was recorded. The analysis of variance outcome showed that the maximum values of force, velocity and power were significantly different between different age groups, more specificly the isometric maximum strength decreased considerably according to increase of age after 20 years. And the maximum velocity and the maximum power also decreased in the some manner after 15 years of age.
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  • Sadayoshi Harimoto, Gunji Ogiwara
    Article type: Article
    1974 Volume 19 Issue 4-5 Pages 207-215
    Published: December 25, 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    1. In the developmental history of the ski technique, Austrian ski method which is chiefly composed of Beinspielen made an outstanding step. It was produced, however, based on "Stemmen", which acts as a factor constraining the skiing speed control. 2. By use of a Milliken high speed camera, precise motion pictures of a new ski technique "Kakaekomi Okuridashi Turn" ("hold-in-and-push-forward-turn"), which is to remove the above constraining factor were taken, and analyses of these pictures made clear the tecnical elements of the "Kakaekomi Okuridashi Turn". 3. In this turning technique which is different from those of the conventional skiing technique, steering of ski on the snow by the strong will of skier is constantly by working as well as all the other turning techniques was pointed out. 4. Electromyographical studies with a radio-telemeter were made to compare the "Kakaekomi Okuridashi Turn" with a conventional technique of about same level, each subject performing the two techniques at a time. By the Electromyograms, it was ascertained thet the working of antagonist muscles of the leg in terms of "flat and closely-touched-on the snow" and a series of action during the turn was esseetial in the new technial in the new technique, and this will help as an instructional suggestion in skiing techniques. 5. The establishment of the technological scientific research system in this field of studies by synchronizing the photographical analyser with a apparatus is hoped. Furthermore, the laboratory research should be applied into practical activities.
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  • Mitsuo Misawa
    Article type: Article
    1974 Volume 19 Issue 4-5 Pages 217-227
    Published: December 25, 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The admirable records made on track and field events were created not only by the improvement of training methods, but also by facility and equipment. The purpose of this study was to make clear the history on track and field facility and equipment in Japan. The major results were as follows: ( 1 ) Running tracks were planned oval in shape and the circumference length of the oval was changed to 400 metres in 1920s. ( 2 ) The width and length of the track became approximately existing conditions in 1920s. ( 3 ) first all-weather track was constructed at Sendagaya, Tokyo in 1968. ( 4 ) The metal hurdle was recognized as standard equipment in Japanese competitions in 1940s. ( 5 ) The pole-plant box was placed on the ground in the latter half of 1920s. The fiber glass pole was accepted in the first half of 1960s. As mentioned above, the facility and equipments on track and field have been improved for better performance for the athletes, and to prevent from poor conditions such as windy or rainy weather. The second decade of this century perhaps was the most remarkable period in the development of these facility and equipment.
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1974 Volume 19 Issue 4-5 Pages 229-
    Published: December 25, 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1974 Volume 19 Issue 4-5 Pages 229-
    Published: December 25, 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1974 Volume 19 Issue 4-5 Pages 230-290
    Published: December 25, 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1974 Volume 19 Issue 4-5 Pages 291-306
    Published: December 25, 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1974 Volume 19 Issue 4-5 Pages App4-
    Published: December 25, 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Article type: Cover
    1974 Volume 19 Issue 4-5 Pages Cover15-
    Published: December 25, 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (24K)
  • Article type: Cover
    1974 Volume 19 Issue 4-5 Pages Cover16-
    Published: December 25, 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (24K)
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