Taiikugaku kenkyu (Japan Journal of Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences)
Online ISSN : 1881-7718
Print ISSN : 0484-6710
ISSN-L : 0484-6710
Volume 40, Issue 6
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
  • Article type: Cover
    1996 Volume 40 Issue 6 Pages Cover20-
    Published: March 10, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Article type: Cover
    1996 Volume 40 Issue 6 Pages Cover21-
    Published: March 10, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (23K)
  • Article type: Appendix
    1996 Volume 40 Issue 6 Pages App7-
    Published: March 10, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Seijiro Tsutsui, Takashi Sugihara, Hideo Kaga, Motonobu Ishii, Kazuo F ...
    Article type: Article
    1996 Volume 40 Issue 6 Pages 359-370
    Published: March 10, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationships between the sports career patterns and the psychological factors according to the self-efficacy model of Bandura. The psychological factors were composed of an outcome expectation, the competence of sports, and the attitude toward the victory. An outcome expectation was divided between a positive outcome expectation and a negative outcome expectation by factor analysis. The attitide toward games was divided between the victory orientation and the recreation orientation by factor analysis. The subjects were 1573 university students (male n=739, female n=834). They were divided into five sports career patterns (non participation, dropout, come-back, different sports adherence, and single sports adherence). The results were as follows: 1) In an outcome expectation and the competence of sports, there were differences between the adherence patterns, the come-back pattern and the dropout pattern, and the non participation pattern. 2) In the competence of sports, there was a difference between the come-back pattern and the dropout pattern. 3) There was no difference between the single sports adherence pattern and the different sports adherence pattern. 4) In the victory orientation, there was a more clear difference in the sports career patterns of male than that of female. 5) In the recreation orientation, there was no clear difference in sports carrer patterns such as an outcome expectation and the competence of sports.
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  • Kazuhiro Wada, Hiroyuki Tamaki, Hidetsugu Nishizono, Hiroshi Kurata, H ...
    Article type: Article
    1996 Volume 40 Issue 6 Pages 371-380
    Published: March 10, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The authors have investigated the possibility that alternative activation of motor units can be performed in velocity-controlled dynamic contraction of knee extensor muscle. This experiment was conducted under the conditions of isometric and that of isotonic (15, 35, 70, 105deg/sec) by the use of coil-shaped wire electrodes and an apparatus which was set to eliminate lower leg's weight using counter balance. The results were summarized as follows; 1) A significant decrease of threshold force of motor units was observed in post dynamic contraction. 2) Firing frequency of motor units was shown to be getting higher with increasing velocity of knee extension. 3) During voluntary concentric contraction, the recruitment order of motor units deviated from isometric condition while velocity and load were increasing. 4) In the concentric contraction, a motor unit which recruited later than that in the isometric condition showed lowered firing frequency with increasing velocity of knee extension. 5) In the eccentric condition at certain velocity, selective recruitments of high-threshold motor units were observed. With these results, it was found that all motor units did not always show consistent activation pattern in terms of excitability of motor units. It was suggested that task dependent motor units were recruited according to the difference of synaptic input organization to spinal a-motoneurons.
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  • Hiromu Katsumata, Takeshi Kawai
    Article type: Article
    1996 Volume 40 Issue 6 Pages 381-398
    Published: March 10, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This study was designed to examine how baseball batters adjust their batting actions to slow-speed and fast-speed pitches by measuring the ground reaction forces. The followings were revealed during different phases of the batting action. 1) At the take-back motion phase, the weight was transferred onto the catcher-side foot. The ground reaction force of the left foot, i.e., the pitcher-side foot, was increased immediately to fix the left foot firmly on the ground at the bat-swing phase. 2) In batting the slow-speed pitches, fixing the stepped left foot on the ground was remained momentarily before the bat-swing action. 3) In batting the slow-speed and fast-speed pitches, the ground reaction force curves of the left foot at the bat-swing phase were almost the saae. 4) The bat swing was started after fixing the left foot on the ground. 5) In each batting for the slow-speed and the fast-speed pitches which were mixed at random, the beginnig-phases of the batting motions were started at the almost same time. These analyses suggest the followings: 1)Ddecision on hitting the pitch is made before fixing the stepped foot firmly on the ground. 2)By momentary fixation of the stepped foot on the ground, the bat-swing action is synchronized to the pitch for correctly timed hitting. 4)When it is difficult for batters to predict whether the next pitch will be fast-speed or slow-speed, batters' actions may be prepared to hit the fast-speed pitches. And when the pitched ball is slow-speed, batters may adjust the start of the bat-swing action by momentary fixation of the stepped foot on the ground.
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  • [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1996 Volume 40 Issue 6 Pages 399-404
    Published: March 10, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1996 Volume 40 Issue 6 Pages 405-409
    Published: March 10, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1996 Volume 40 Issue 6 Pages 411-435
    Published: March 10, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1996 Volume 40 Issue 6 Pages 436-439
    Published: March 10, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1996 Volume 40 Issue 6 Pages 440-445
    Published: March 10, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Article type: Index
    1996 Volume 40 Issue 6 Pages 446-448
    Published: March 10, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1996 Volume 40 Issue 6 Pages App8-
    Published: March 10, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (36K)
  • Article type: Cover
    1996 Volume 40 Issue 6 Pages Cover22-
    Published: March 10, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (18K)
  • Article type: Cover
    1996 Volume 40 Issue 6 Pages Cover23-
    Published: March 10, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (18K)
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