Taiikugaku kenkyu (Japan Journal of Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences)

[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1994 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages Cover9-
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5432/jjpehss.KJ00003392024

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1994 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages Cover10-
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5432/jjpehss.KJ00003392025

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1994 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages App3-
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5432/jjpehss.KJ00003392026

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Sociological reseach on dropout among volunteer coaches : The relationship between excessive immersion for coaching and conflicts in ordinary life and the factors determining this excessive immersion

Tetsuya Matsuo, Hideo Tatano, Yoshihiro Ohtani, Norihito Yamamoto

Article type: Article
1994 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 163-175
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5432/jjpehss.KJ00003392027

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The purpose of this study was to assess the extent and intensity of conflicts in ordinary life prompted by excessive immersion for coaching and to clarify the determinant factors of this excessive immersion. A questionnaire was developed consisting of 64 statements, 10 of which were for A Scale of Excessive Immersion for Volunteer Coaching (SEIVC) in order to measure the degree of excessive immersion. The data were provided by 671 volunteer coaches in Fukuoka, Japan. Principal factor solution method with normal varimax rotation and techniques of the First Formula of Hayashi's Quantification Scaling Theory were utilized. The main results can be summarized as follows: 1) About 30% of the volunteer coaches pointed out that they faced the conflicts in ordinary life derived from coaching, such as the lack of time with their families, the frequent frictions with their regular job, and the gradual increase of personal expenditures. 2) The validity of the SEIVC was assured and it was judged that the scale was an adequate means of measuring the excessive immersion for volunteer coaching. 3) The degree of excessive immersion was found to be strongly influenced by the role-perception as a coach, by the type of volunteer, by the level of satisfaction with their coaching skills, by the coaches orientation toward winning a game, by the type of the regular job, and by the level of cooperation by family members and/or by co-workers in his/her work place. Finally, the meanings of conflicts in ordinary life from the excessive immersion for coaching were analyzed using a role cycle model. It was assumed that the establishment of adequate relations between role-expections and role-conceptions was very important to avoid the conflicts arising from excesslve immersion.

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The development of test for estimating the co-ordination ability of strength exertion : the examination of statistical validity, reliability, and objectivity

Shinichi Demura, Yoshinori Nagasawa

Article type: Article
1994 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 176-188
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5432/jjpehss.KJ00003392028

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The purposes of this study were to develop a rational and practical test for estimating the co-ordination ability of strength exertion (CASE) and to examine its statistical validity, reliability, and objectivity. Statistical reliability of the test was examined from both standpoints of the variation and the degree of correspondence of measurement values. Objectivity was examined from the correlation coefficient of measurement values by two testers. Validity was examined from two viewpoints as follows: 1) discrimination between different-ability-groups in nervous function, and 2) fall of CASE by drinking alcohol (See Table 1). The test method was form fitting the exertion value of grip strength (GS) to the demand value appeared on display of personal computer (PC). The test of CASE was performed using 2 kinds of description forms on display of PC: bar chart and wave. The demand values of bar chart and wave were sinusoidal wave form of 0.3 Hz and 0.1 Hz, respectively. Tracking wave was the range from 5% to 25% of maximal grip strength value. The variable estimating CASE was used the total of lags between the demand value and GS value. The findings on the test estimating CASE developed in this study can be summarized as follows: 1) The test has relatively high reliability and can estimate CASE with three trials. 2) The correlation coefficient of measurement values by two testers was significant (0.617-0.747). 3) The test can discriminate between different-ability-groups in nervous function. The biserial correlation coefficient showed significantly high value (0.631-0.931). 4) The test can discriminate between normal conditions and alcohol drinking conditions. Based on results obtained in 3) and 4), validity of the test seemed to be relatively high.

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Towards a definition of "sport administration"

Norihiro Shimizu

Article type: Article
1994 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 189-202
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5432/jjpehss.KJ00003392029

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In this paper, the concept of "sport administration" was defined. Sport administration is a specialized field of sport sciences as well as a part of the field of business administration classified by each industry. In previous studies on sport administration, there has not been a common understanding of the concept of sport administration among researchers. Accordingly the nature and meanings of sport administration as a special field of business administration was examined in this paper by reviewing the Japanese literature on those subjects. Sport administration is a type of cooperative system for business administration. Cooperative systems for business administration are distinguished from other types of cooperative systems on account of their involvement in the supply of goods and services. Thus cooperative systems in general, such as a cooperative system for learning and the one for competitive sport, are not the object of research in sport administration. Sport business is a key concept to define sport administration. Sport administration means a cooperative system for managing sport business. Business is defined in previous studies as works to supply necessary goods and services and as the process that changes these procured goods and services into some utilities or values. The objective of sport business is to supply services involved in the diverse functions of sport provision and to enrich people's life with sport involvement. Sport administration is a united whole of organization and management for sport business, and aims at making common benefit for all members contributing to sport business.

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The relationship between the statistical structure of preferred throwing techniques of Judo and fundamental physical fitness

Osamu Aoyagi

Article type: Article
1994 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 203-212
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5432/jjpehss.KJ00003392030

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Growth patterns classified by difference of height in boys : analysis based on growth distance curve and velocity curve

Katsunori Fujii, Yoshiyuki Matsuura

Article type: Article
1994 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 213-224
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5432/jjpehss.KJ00003392031

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In this study, the patterns of height growth in reference with difference in height were analyzed in terms of growth distance and velocity. Subjects were the 17-year-old high school boys (N=551) in Nagoya City who were born in 1967, and divided into three height groups-high (N=139), middle (N=200) and low (N=112) groups-classified by the height at the age of seventeen, and their 12-year-longitudinal data of height were obtained retrospectively from their health examination records. Individual growth distance curves and velocity curves were calculated, and their peak height velocity ages (PHV ages) were determined by the age showing the maximum growth amount. With the appearance frequency distribution of PHV age investigated, it was inferred that low-height group matured earlier in height growth than those high and middle-height groups. With regard to the growth distance curve of the three height groups, it was shown that the difference in height was found between different PHV ages only at around the PHV ages in the high-height group. However, such differences due to different PHV ages were found at all the ages investigated in the low- and middle-height groups. Analysis of growth velocity curves in the three height groups showed that those having the same maturity rate did not differ much in their patterns of the growth velocity curve. The patterns of growth velocity curve, regardless of height differences, showed a one-phase pattern. Further analysis on differences in amount of growth immediately before and after the PHV age (peak period) showed three types of growth pattern. These types could be interpreted as "early maturity type" which has higher amount of growth immediately after the peak than immediately before, "average type" which has equal amount of grorth in the two periods, and "late maturity type" which has higher amount of growth immediately before the peak than the after. The relationship between PHV age and the amount of growth around during the adolescent growth spurt showed that early maturers, regardless of height differences, attained higher amount of growth around during this period. It could be inferred reasonably that this has a substantial relevance on the amount of growth in the period immediately after PHV age.

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Effects of endurance training on the morphology of the cardiac myocyte and capillary in the rats

Yutaka Kano, Kiichiro Saito, Yoshiki Ohno, Shigeru Katsuta

Article type: Article
1994 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 225-233
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5432/jjpehss.KJ00003392032

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The effects of endurance training on cardiac myocyte and capillary were studied morphometrically in rats following a treadmill running program. Twenty-two male Wistar strain rats at 4 weeks of age were divided into three groups: 1) sedentary control (Cont; N=8), 2) 45 m/min, inclined 0% training (T-A; N=8), 3) 35 m/min, inclined 10% training (T-B; N=6). Rats in T-A and T-B were subjected to a running program at 60 min/day, 5 days/wk for 10 weeks. In comparison with Cont, absolute ventricular mass in both T-A and T-B increased by 17% (p &lt 0.01) and resting heart rate decreased by 7.4% (p &lt 0.05). Endurance training does not lead to a significant increase of cardiac myocyte cross-sectional area in trained groups. Capillary density in trained groups was not significantly different from Cont. Capillary lumen diameter in T-A and T-B, however, were increased by 12 and 21% (p &lt 0.05), respectively. Measurements of capillary luminal surface density (mm^2/mm^3) in trained groups were unchanged compared with Cont. These results suggest that endurance training does not stimulate the proliferation of new capillaries, but induce to increase capillary luminal surface area paralleled in cardiac hypertrophy.

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1994 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 235-237
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5432/jjpehss.KJ00003392033

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1994 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 238-243
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5432/jjpehss.KJ00003392034

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1994 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 244-249
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5432/jjpehss.KJ00003392035

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1994 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 250-
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5432/jjpehss.KJ00003392036

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1994 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages Cover11-
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5432/jjpehss.KJ00003392037

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1994 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages Cover12-
Published: September 10, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: September 27, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5432/jjpehss.KJ00003392038

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