著者らは,カルシウムイオン(Ca++)負荷が生体に及ぼす影響を観察するため,今回,健康および実験的肝障害家兎に,Ca++の静詠内負荷試験を試みた.そして,血清Ca,無機燐,コレステロール,蛋白および血液像の動態を観察するとともに,肝,腎,牌,膵,甲状腺など,各種臓器の組織学的検索を行なった.標準食給与家兎および犬に,Ca+1の静脈内負荷を試みたところ,生体が健康な場合,血清透析性Ca(SIC)の増加は,一過性にすぎず,負荷後30分から2時間に最高値を示し,以後急速に減少し,負荷前の値に復する傾向を認めた.CCl4障害家兎(0.1ml/kg,隔日3回背部皮下注射)を用いて,第1回CC14注射後5週目から,CaC12,Calcicol,Ca溶液(それぞれCa++0.0144,0.0005,0.15mg/kgを含む)を,8日間静脈内注射を行ない,Ca++負荷群および非負荷群の動態について比較した.その結果,CC14注射後9週目において,各負荷群では,投与Ca+1量に差があるにもかかわらず,いずれもSICがわずかに増加する傾向を示す以外は,血液一般性状および病理組織学的所見に,明らかな差異は認められなかった.本実験においては,Ca+1負荷群8例のうち1例が,7.5週目に斃死したのに対して,非負荷群6例のうち5例は,7~8.5週目に死の転帰2取った.ついで,きわめて軽度なCC14障害家兎(0.01ml/kg,隔日3回背部皮下注射)に,高濃度および低濃度Ca++,それぞれの群にCa++75mgおよび0.75mg/dl液を0.2ml/kg,の静脈内負荷を第1回CC14注射後2週目から1週間試みた.Ca++負荷群は,両群ともに負荷後,総Ca,SIC,赤血球数,血色素濃度,アルブミンおよびA/G比の一過性増加′と血清無機燐の減少を認めた.一方,内臓諸臓器の組織学的検索では,Ca++非負荷群に比較して,著明な差はなかったが,一般に,肝障害は軽度であり,甲状腺および骨髄に機能冗進の像を観察した.

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角膜損傷の後,あるいは角膜移植の後,数日して,アメタクロマジア現象が観察される.これについて,多糖類総量の減少によるとする説,あるいは?浮腫による単位容積中のメタクロマジアを起こす物質の減少その他によるものであるという見解がある.本実験では,犬におり・て角膜移植を行ない,そ.の前後における総へキソサミンの変動を調べた.それとともに,グルコサミンとガラクトサミンの分別定量と,総硫酸基の定量な行ない,犬の角膜移植片3におけるヘキソサミンの変動を分析した.右眼は,6mmトレパンによる全層同種角膜移植を行ない,左眼ば対照とした.術後,1,3,6,9,12,15,20日目に材料を採取し,加水分解後DowEx-50Wを用いてイオン交換コラム・クロマトグラフによる分離定量を行ない,Boasの方法に準じて比色定量した.総硫液基の定量は,田宮法に準じて行なった.移植片の総へキソサミン量は,術後3日目より6日目にかけて著しく減少し,6日目には最少となるが,6日目より9日目にかけてj:曽カロし,12日目に最大となり,以後減少し,20日目には対照よりも少なくなった.総へキソサミンの減少は,グルコサミンおよびガラクトサミンの両者の減少によるが,その 増加は,主としてグルコサミンの著しい増加にもとずくものである.また,総硫蒙基は,術後より減少する傾向が見られた.以上の成績を,光人の業績を参考にして考察すれば,角膜移植片に見られたガラクトサミンの増加は,コンドロイチンの増加を,また,グルコサミンの増加と総硫敢基の減少はヒアルロノ酸の増加を,それぞれ示唆するものではないかと思われる.

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A strange disease of the muzzle in cattle is present in the Anrami and Ryukyu Islands.It does not seem to have been described in any published papers. The author started studieson this disease, collecting mater"ials from diseased cattle. The following results were obtained.I . In this disease, the muzzle of cattle changed to a white color, accompanied by erosionand itching. Eventually leul<oderrna occurred. These changes were induced only to themuzzle. It appeared that cattle were attacked by this disease at 4 months of age and passedinto chronic state, and the resultant leukoderma concinued for a long time. lhe diseaseoccurs in a greate number of cattle, but in no other anixnals.2. Flistopathological changes were seen mainly in the papillary and reticular layer"s ofthe skin. Infiltratiorn of eosinoplails and round cells and production of granulation tissuewere observed. These lesions proceeded to the epithelium, and eventually tlne muzzlesuffered frotm Ieul<oderrna as a result of disappearance of melanin. Round cells infiltratedinto not only the corium bttt also the tela subcutanea. Some adult worms of nematodesand many rnicrofilariae were observed in lesions of lnistological sections.The cause of this disease was found to be this worm. ?F his lesion was of parasitiedertnatitis and a diagnosis of leukoderma was made to its presence. Leukoderrma dtue toparasitic dermatitis is of great interest.3. Many adult worms and rnicrofilariae were obtained from Iesions by cuttirng the skininto small pieces in a Petri dish filled with normal saline. The female was 7.6 to 9.1 1111111in length, the rnale from 3.2 to 3.9 mm, and the nnicrofilaria 70 to 90 p.Morphological characters are shown in figures. Comparison of principal measurementsin each species is shown irn tables. It is obvious that 1., his worm resembles, 5. dedoesi, S.assamensis, , S. stilesi and .S. kaeli rnentioned in references, although there are some differ"encesbetweerr this worm and the others. Especially characteristic of this worm is its parasitismr

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Studues were conducted to elucidate the part of the patlao-physiology of body fluids inthe dehydration of ruminants, using 5 healthy goats which had been brought into a stateof water depletion Lay cessation of water intake and feeding on a dry ration only.Total body water, extracellular water, and plasma volume were measured simultaneously, ustng NAAP, NaSCN, and T -1824, respectively. The maximum reduction of the body fluidcompartments at the last stage was 43.5% in total body water, 33.8% in extracellular water, 52.9% in intracellular water, 31.1% in interstitial water, 47.6% in plasma water, and 37.6%in circulating blood volume.In view of the fact that the body weight was reduced significantly in the early stage, whereas there were no appreciable changes in the body fluids, it was presumed that thedecrease of body weight at this time was due mainly to the reduction of the water contentin the rumen. The deficiencies of total body water as expressed in per cent of the initial body vveightwere 2.7% in the early stage, 16.9% in the middle stage, 23.8% in the late stage, and 26.9%in the last stage.The rate of decrease of interstitial water (8.8%) was higher than that of intracellularwater (0.4%) in the early stage. This condition, however, was reversed in and after themiddle stage.

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Imrnunochemical studies 1?ave been performed in the field of veterinary science, especiallyto clarify immunity against parasitosis. Many problems, ltowever, remain to be solved.They include not only a question on the enforcement of immunization procedure but alsoOne on the possibility of immunization against parasitogenic diseases.The author has already inxxestigated anti-antigen fractions against the antigen whichwas extracted from the homogenized tissue of canine filariae and which consisted mostly ofprotein and polysaccharide. These fractions were contained in the components of fB- and7-globulin in the serum.Besides, preliminary expen"iments were carried out to investigate the amino-acid organi-zation of the antibody. As a result, a considerably peculiar variation was observed in freeamino acids in the serum in the case of parasitism of canine filariae and a few otherparasitoses.For qualitative and quantitative determination of free amine acids in the serum, paperand column chromatography have been utilized. In the analysis of amino acids, high voltagepaper electrophoresis differs from ordinary electrophoresis. The former is less partial thanthe latter as to the length of tirne required for clinical symptoms to appear, the accuratepattern and the speed of analysis.Therefore, as one of the fundamental studies by high voltage paper electrophoresis, anexperiment was made at first on the relative order of migration of 19 kinds of crystal arninoacids which had been dissolved in acid liquid. In the experiment, filter paper was hungfrom the anode to the cathode in the receptacle of development liquid consisting of formicacid and acetic acid (pH 1.5). Frorn this experiment, it, ?vas confirmed that there weremigrating basic arnino acids on the cathode side, separated acid amino acids with two neutralamino acid components (Phe and Cys) toward the anode sidcc, and the main neutral aminoacid components, which were organized by four fractions, between two groups of acid andbasic amino acids as stated above.Strictly spe

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