著者はブドウ酒酵1づ:の支芽汁培jl.S液から昼光を避けた状態で,cthcrを用いて脚臭を脱臭する性質を有する結晶性の物質を得た。本物質はpapcrchro一matOgralnによるRf値,昇華性,P01ymOrPhiSnl)融点,溶解度,アルカリ摘定,元素分析,紫外線吸収,赤外線吸収,旋光性,X線回折などによって検討した結果,元素分析゛値,赤外線吸収は既知のコハク酸と酷似しており,他の点では異なった性状が認められた。そこで本物質はコハク酸の立体巽性体(cis21;慧およびcis型に近いCauchc型)であろうと推定した。

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花木らが無症状感染豚から分離したS-273株とBcvcrlcy株のマウス脳内チストを出発材料として,コートンの筋肉内注射と同時に,4[1間隔でマウス腹腔内注射による盲継代を行なった.その結果,前者では8代目から,後者では初代から,マウスをたおす毒力を獲得し,継代の進行とともに,増夕直型虫体の増数も顕著どなった.その後コートン投与を中止しても,マウスの斃死口数に影響なく,ほぼ4~6口間で例外なくこれをたおずが,マウス腹水中の虫体数,組織培養による虫体増数は,RH株に几べてはるかに不良であった.マウス継代150代以上に及ぶ今口においてもこの性状はほとんど変らない.上記の混力増強試験は,出発材料であるチス1・のマウス感染後の口令を変えて,S-273株については4回,13cvcrlcy株については2回実施したが,強毒化がみられたのは,双方ただ1回に過ぎなかった.以-ヒの成績からみで,チスト型弱1}f株からRH型強}}デ株への移行が起こり得ることは,明らかであるが,これに関与する因子は,はなはだ複雑のようである.

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Ita humans, rabbits, goats and fowls skin tenxpcraturcs XXZCFC rneastured irt variousareas of the body at ambient temperatures falling front 40 to 5(C artd some randomconstant ambient temperatures lcetween 0 and 40C.1. Skin temperatures flxtctuated with a large amplitttde o[ over O.2C wzithout anysjvcci?t1 c;ruses, the largest ;tntplitudc 1.vcing alcout 20C in fowls.2. f lae patterrts o[" tcmperatture cltautgc ?vt various skit? sjcots were cl?tssificd Lertta-Li, zely irato the fol1owir?g 4 types.a. Tyjce l : Large fluctuatiort of skin tcn?j>erature was exhibited inn tlte ntiddlerange of aml>iernt temperature. An S-shaped curve was shown when the maximum skirttemperatures at each arnbient temperature had been plotted.b. Type 2: Small fluctuation of skin temperature was exhibited in the middle andthe higlter ranges of ambient ternperature. Skin temperature was always a little higherthamr ambient temperature. c. Type 3 : Large fluctuation of skin temperature was seen in a relatively lowrange of ambient temperature. A bow-shaped curve was SIIOVVII only when the maximalvalues of skin temperature at each ambient temperature had been plotted and connected.d. Type 4 : Small fluctuatic>n of skin ternperature was exhibited in aJmccst allranges of ambient temperature. A bow-shaped curve was shown.3. The human toe tennperature was only one measurccrnent that was classifiecl ir?totwo types. Of the cases c>f this temperature, rnatty 1>elc>nged to type I and S0IIIC tc>type 2.4. It took a long time, sometirnes 3 or 4 hours, for the temperatures aL sucln skixtspots as those of the human toe and rabbit hind leg to t"ccach a final stable v;tlue inresponse to a given ambient temperature.5. The largest amplitude of fluctuation in lcody tennperature at a given constantambient temperature was about llC in humans, about l4C in rabbits, about 11).6Cita goat, and about 20C inn fowls.6. The rise in skin temperature arnd the large fluctuation in ski?n temper;atureobserved in type l seemed to ;tjcpear sirnttltaneously in the S21rnC r;tngct of ;trnlm>ientternperature.7. Each species c*V animals, includirtg hum;ans, had its OVVII range of amlcienttemperature in which skin temjcerature type I rose considerably and showed largefluctuations. Such range was apj>roximately from 20 to 25C in? hurnans, 16 to 23Cin rabbits, 15 to 25C in goats arnd 15 to 23C in fowls.

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A pathological observation was conducted on echinococcosis of tl?ree cows, which hadbeen kept in Morioka City and its vicinit)z for" several years. lhcse cows, consisting oftwo Jerseys and one Aberdeen-Angus, were considered to have been imported from NCXX7Zealand and Australia. ?.[hey were slaughtered itn 1964, 1965 and 1966. Hydatid cystswere detected at the abattoirs during the routine meat inspection. These were presentin the lungs and livers of all the cows ar?d in the spleen of a Jersey covv (Fig. l I, Table l).Macroscopically, these cysts existed in the parenchymatous tisstucs, were as large asrice-grain to walnut, in size attd presented a globular appear;rnce. llte inner surfacesof the cysts were even, except some of them wl?ich h?td irregttlztr ;tnd p;trtition-likeprocesses. Yellovvislt clear liquid flowed out when the cysts were cut (INigs. l -3). Cystsrelatively small in size contained yellowish white caseous suLcstance and turlcid liquid.The caseous substance was proved to be a single cuticular membrane foldcd in pile inone cyst (Fig. 4). No hydatid sand was detected in the liquid.Histologically, the wall of the large-sized cyst showed the typical at"rangernent of awell-known Echinococcus cyst ; i.e., cuticular tnembrane, germinal 1;tyer, fibrous tissuelayer, and cellular infiltration (Fig. 5).The small degenerated cyst contained a folded cuticular membrane. As a z"esult ofthe process of degeneration, cellular debris accumulated under the membrane and slougltedoff the germinal layer. When no enlargement was caused in tl?e cyst, the foldedcuticular membrane which had sloughed filled the cystic space, vvherc the forrnation ofcuticle still contiuned in the other portion of the germinal layer. Calcification becamealso to be observed in tlte debris (Figs. 6 - 10).From these morplnological findings, tI?e exa?nined cases xxet"e diagnosed as those of" ttnilocular sterile (degenerated) type."It has raised serious problems in many fields that Echinococcus granulosus was detectedfrom such disease-fr

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鶏の視床下部に両側性の電解的破壊を行ない,鶏の体温の中枢神経調節とその部位について検討した.鶏は,体温維持の能力を試験するため,守冷あるいは高温環境下においた.結果を要約すれば,次の通りである.I)視床下部の破壊によって,鶏は連続高体温,あるいは著しい-・時的高体温を起こした.その破壊の部位は,視交叉上で前文連の前腹部にみられた.通電しなかった対照鶏の最高直腸温42.2±0.1°Cに比べ,視床下部破壊によって著しい高体温を起こした鶏の9羽の最高直腸温は,45.1°Cから46.0°Cを示した.2)視交叉上で前交連の後腹部を破壊された鶏は,破壊が前交連を含む場合,あるいは含まない場合にも,寒冷に対して体温を維持する能力を失い,持続的低体温を示し,あるυ・は環境温度の変化に伴って体温を変化した.3)鶏の体温はベントバルビタール麻酔によって,最低34.0゜Cまで降下した.4)前視床下部あるいは正中隆起の上部を破壊した鶏で,高温環境下で起こる呼吸数の増加が,起こらないものが観察された.

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