It was reported that mercuric nitrate injected to laying quail bound withlipovitellin in their serum and tra?tsported into ovarian follicles int the form of mercurylipovitellin complex. In this work, to clarify the pathways) ccf the mercurial complexfrom ovarian circuratory system to the ovum, a localization of "Hg in the ovarian tissueof laying quail injected with "Hg-mercuric nitrate was investigated by electron micro-scopic autoradiography.The ovarian follicle of the quail was composed generally of six layers, i.e., theca externa, theca interna, basement membrane, follicular cell, vitellin mem[crane, and oocyte. In thetheca interna, in which the blood circulation is terminated, au[oradiographic grains XXCTCobserved around cell membrane arzd intercellular space. In the basement membrane thegrains were concentrated near the follicular cell which had marxy processes. Grains werevisible mainly on the surface of the process and concentrated in the area of interdigita[ionstructure. The process with grains extruded througla Ixhe vitellin membrane and projectedinto the oocyte by oocy[ic pinocytosis. In the oocyte, grains were detectable in xesiclescontaining granules and in the yollc spheres. The vesicles seemecl to have been originatedfrom t1?e processes.Although tlae results of the present study did not indicate directly the presence of themercury-lipovitellin complex in the follicular structure, the complex in the serum doesnot seem to be altered until being deposited in tlae oocyte. From the above-mentioneclobservations, therefore, the following pathway was proposed for the mercury-lipoxitellincomplex: The complexes leave the ovarian circulatory system attd pass through the inter-cellular space of the tlacca interna and the interfibrous space of the basement membrane.A cytoplasmic process containing the complex on its mcmbratteous structure is formedon the surface of the follicular cell, extruded through the pore structure of the vitellinmembrane, and projected into the oocyte by oocytic pinocytosis. Finall

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The components of the central vibrations of the first heart sound on thephonocardiogram were studied in dogs. The results obtained are summarized as follows.1. Althottgh a clear time difference was found between Line left and right isometriccontraction pltases at the beginning, no time difference in the occurrence time was clearbetween the left and right central vibrations of the first lacart sotund on the externalphonocardiogram.2. The appearance of the ceuatral vibrations of the first he;rrt sound on the epicardialphonocardiogram was derived from the difference in the onset between the right and leftisometric contraction phase. The central vibrations of the first heart sound occurredtusually earlier on the left epicardial phonocardiogram Chart on the right cpicardialphonocardiogram.3. The central vibrations of the first heart sound on the cpicardial phonaocardiogramwere the closing sounds of the atrioventricular valves. The cetttral vibrations of the firstright epicarclial sound were originated from the tricuspid valx e component and those ofthe first left epicardial sound from the mitral valve component mainly.+. These results indicated that the central vibration of the first heart sound on thephonocardiogram in dogs were divided into two components. The mitral valve componentoccupied the first half of the central vibrations of the first l?eart sound, and a mixtureof mitral and tricuspid valve components the second half.

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A pathologic study was performed on parasitic lesions found in the urinarybladder of cattle. Grossly, these lesions were curved, linear antd sclerotic. Microscopically, they were nodular, granulomatous lesions with parasites at their center, presenting featurescharacteristic of exudative inflammation with marked infiltration of eosinophils, in rela-Lively fresh cases. In contrast, they were characterized by tire infiltration of giant cellsand phagocytes, as well as by the follicular proliferation of lymphocytes, in long-standingcases.The parasite found in tlae tissue of the urinary bladder bore morphological resemblancein manay respects to Selaria digitata isolated from the abdominal cavity of cattle in a districtwhere intra-abdominal infection with this worm showed an incidence as high as 55%.The worms isolated from lesions in the urinary bladder of two of the infected cattle wereidentified as Setaria digitata.These results indicate that the lesions were caused by adult worms of Setaria digitalaoriginally harbored in the abdominal cavity and accidentally entering the wall of tlaeurinary bladder.

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Obesity induced by a single intracerebral injection with the carcinogett, 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (NQO), was studied physiologically and histopathologically incomparison with that indtuced by intraperitoneal injection with goldthioglucose (GTG).NQO- and GTG-obese mice showed a more remarkable inc?-ease in body weight thanuntreated cou?tro1s, having exhibited an elevated intake of food and water, as well as anincreased oxygen consumption. The levels of blood glucose ;tncl serum cholesterol weresignificantly higher in fat animals than in controls. There was n?o significant differencein any of these metabolic parautteters between NQO- and GTG-obese animals. It wasevident, however, tltat cerebral lesions were mostly localized in the limbic system (septvxm, psalterium, corpus callosum and hippocampus) in the NQO-obese animals and in tltemiddle regioua of tlte hypothalamus in the GTG-obese animals.

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The pH depenclence of F-GOT activity wzas stuclned oxer a pH range from6.0 to 9.0. Phosphate and Tris-HCI buffers were uscd as solvents for substrate, since the3?have a significant effect on transatninatiozt reaction. TIIC restzlts obtained are summarizedas follows.1. XVhen a pH-activity CUTXC was drawn, it suggested a possibility tltat phosphate tonmight have acted as a catalyst, and sodium and potassiurn tons as inhibitors. XVithinta pH range from 6.0 to 7.8, tlte op[irrxuna pH xalues were 7.0 and 7.2.2. The Tris-HCI buffer was less actixe than tlae phospltate one at both optimum pHvalues.A most striking feature was that although the curve obtained with the Tris-IICI buf[ex-was composed of three curves which presented a peak at an alkaline pH value withina range of 7.0-7.2 attd 8.0-8.2, and at pH 8.6, respectively, 110 liberation of pyridoxal5-phosphate from the denatttred enzyme was recognized.Apparently, that cturve was characteristic in showing tlae fccllowing significance. Tl?emaximal velocity and the Michaelis constant for alpha-ketoglutarate were not dependentupon pH value within a pH range from 7.0 to 9.0. The enzyme was stable, and the sub-strate does not ionize throughout this pH range.These results suggest that the variation in activity may l?ave been induced by theionization of some groups contained in the enzyme. They also indicate that the methodof assay used in this experiment was satisfactory even at a pH value exceeding 8.5.

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In 1963, Shirai reported that brilliant cells (discox ered by Hamazaki in1935) were demonstrable in the liver of cattle infected witla Fasciola hepatica. The presentstudy was carried out to investigate an interrelationship beLwcen these and tissue mastcells. Areas of adenomatous epithelial proliferation of the bite ducts were chosen formicroscopic and histochemical sttuclies.Mast cells and brilliant cells were identified in areas of adctaomatous proliferation ofthe biliary epithelium. The brilliant cells were found to have lceen derived from smoothmuscle cells. and were classified, according to the degree of maturation and aging, intojuvenile, matture, senile and superannuating types. Both metachromatic and ketoenolicgranules (KEG) diminished progressively in number, as the cells approached senescence.Eventually, the granules disappeared altogether and were replaced by large eosinophilicdroplets (Fig. l-B). The metachromatic granules contained in mast cells were found tohave undergone virtually identical changes.The present observation indicated that the brilliant cells were originated from smoothmuscle. It was concluded tltat brilliant cells have usually been confused with mast cellsin the liver of cattle infected with Fasciola hepatica.

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