Complete healing of the chronic frontal sinusitis is resulted from osseous obliteration but there are few method to be competent for this purpose.
Basing our animal (dogs) experiment, we obtained a somewhat complete result from the clinical experiments using bone transplantation into the frontal sinus.
Material and method: Patients of chronic frontal sinusitis (55 sides of 47 cases) and frontal mucocele (2 sides of 2 cases) were operated as follow. Pathologic mucous membrane of frontal sinus were completely removed after wide opening of the osseous anterior wall of the frontal sinus and the autogenous iliac bone fragment (cortical and cancellous) were transplanted into the frontal sinus.
Result: 55 sides of 47 cases were completely healed without infection and only 2 sides of 2 cases were infected after operation. But one case was healed after one week by the penicillin injection into the infectious region. The other case showed reinfection after a bone transplantation but the sinus was remarkably reduced and healed by the proliferation of the granulation tissue.
From the above results the autogenous bone transplantation is an excellent operation to obliterating completely osseous operated frontal sinus, shorting the healing process, remaining no ugly looking and especially preventing the recurrence of the disease.

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The author reviewed the history of oto-microsurgery and presented a new surgical procedure of Meatotympanoplasty.
In our country, many otologists have been making great efforts to improve the hearing disorder on the patients of chronic otitis, showing the majority of oto-microsurgical subjects against the existence of a few cases of otosclerosis.
According to author's opinion, there are two standpoints to make a success in tympanoplasty management of the mastoid cavity and that of the posterior wall of external auditory canal Some authors maintain that mastoid antrum and cells should be completely operated, however the others believe to preserve them.
The propriety whether to remove the posterior wall of external auditory canal or not, does not come to agreement.
The author observed the postoperative secretion from the skin surface of the usual skin graft covered mastoid cavity, caused by dermatitis in 18.5% of 394 cases. The improvement of the hearing after the operation was experimentally ascertained by means of the temporal obliteration of mastoid cavity.
With above mentioned reasons the author prefers the postauricular approach with following procedures. The mastoid cells and the posterior wall of external auditory canal are removed, but meatal skin is leaved as it is. The fascia obtained from the temporal muscle is used to make new ear drum and meatal skin is put on it. The transplanted fascia and meatal skin schould be pressed by gelatin-sponge tips for two weeks. The postauricular incision is primarily closed and mastoid cavity is left as dead space.

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This time, by staining the potassium in affected and normal inner ears of guinea-pigs for visual comparison, the function of this substance was investigated in physiological aspects.
1) The noise-exposure group:
Potassium in cochlea was densely stained and localized in hair cells for some while after 2 hours' exposure to white noise of 105-110 phons, but after 5-7 hours of exposure the density was found reduced or limited. Stimulation of longer duration effected decrease or limitation of that substance in cells of Corti's organ, stria vascularis and spiral ganglion cells especially at those parts which seem to be particularly related with stimulation, such as Corti's organ. In Corti's organ, spiral ganglion cells and stria vascularis, the fluctuation of potassium effected by the experimental conditions tended to be of more significance in basal turn. A long exposure did not seem to reduce in acoustic nerve fiber very much.
2) The streptomycin injection group:
At 30-60 minutes after 400-500mg/kg injection of streptomycin, potassium value was found generally less fluctuated than 1in the cases of noise exposure. While in the injected group, the distribution being just as normal in cells and tissues and there was slight oedema in the cells. A little increases were noticed after the twice injection. In most cases, however, after 3-4 days (one injection a day), the density of stained potassium showed a diminishing tendency and that fluctuation of potassium tended to be of more significance in basal turn. Little change took place in acoustic nerve fiber. From this fact, enzymes in stria vascularis seem to have relation for transport of the electrolytes.

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Histochemical studies of respiratory enzymes were carried out in the cochlea of guinea pigs.
The authors stained succinic dehydrogenase, DPN-diaphorase, cytochrome-oxidase, and lipid according to the methods established by Wachstein et Meisel, Farber et al., Gruff and Lison respectively.
The results obtained were as follows.
Succinic dehydrogenase, DPN-diaphorase, and cytochrome oxidase were demonstrated with strong activity in the stria vascularis, outer hair cells, inner hair cells, spiral ligament, and spiral ganglion cells, which were also stained deeply by sudan black B.
Limbus, Claudius' cell, Hensen's cell, Deiters' cell, and Reissner's membrane showed a slight enzymatic activity, while staining reaction did not occur in the tectorial membrane.
The intensity of succinic dehydrogenase and DPN-diaphorase was variable according to the turn of the cochlea and individuals, while that of cytochrome oxidase was uniform.
The lower turn showed a tendency to give a higher enzymatic activity than the upper turn.
From the standpoint of the distribution of respiratory enzymes, the stria vascularis, spiral ligament, sensory cells and spiral ganglion cells are rich in oxygen metabolism and therefore supply neccessary energy for sound transmission.

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Im Zeitraum vom März 1956 bis zum Dezember 1963 haben wir die Gelegenheiten gehabt, bei 8 Patienten von otogener Facialislähmung die Dekompression des Nerven auszuführen. Dadurch konnten wir bei 7 Patienten die Lähmung vollständig zur Heilung bringen. Bei einem Patienten, der 6 Monaten nach dem Krankheitsbeginn uns besuchthatte, beschränkte sich der Operationserfolg auf “Besserung”. Die Lähmung einer Patientin, die 5 Monaten vor ihrem Eintritt in die Klinik begonnen war, konnten wir aber zur Heilung bringen.
Obengenannten unseren Erfahrungen zufolge empfiehlt es sich, dass die die Facialislähmung begleitende Mittelohreiterung innerhalb 1-2 Monate nach dem Beginn der Lähmung operiert und zwar die Dekompression des Nerven dabei ausgefuhrt werden soll

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In this report, a case of sarcoidosis which involved both uveal tract and vestibuloauditory system is presented.
This case with tinnitus, vertigo and bilateral uveitis emphasizes the possibility of sarcoidosis as the cause of such a clinical picture.
The literatures which have been reported are considered on the point of E. N. T. field.

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Author reported a case of anaphylaxis caused by local application of 0.5% Chloromycetin otic solution (Sankyo). A man of 45 years old with left chronic otitis complained severe pain of left ear, tinnitus and hard of hearing immediately after the application, and lost the consciousness. The left tympanoplasty was made after seven months but no improvement was expected about the tinnitus and hard of hearing.
The author gave some observations about the literature and made discussion on the cause of anaphylaxis.

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Seventy-five ears of sensory-neural deafness such as acoustic trauma, Streptomycin poisoning, presbycusis, cochlear vascular disorder and non-classified deafness were treated with α-tocopherol acetate, 150-450 mg per day by oral administration for several weeks.
Recently, many biochemical actions of vitamin E were found in addition to antisteril action. The antioxydatic, vasodilative and hemodynamic actions seems to be available for pathologic conditions of the inner ear.
Results were determined to be effective when the gain in post-treatment was greater than 10 db in two of three methods of which computations were as follows; average of 125, 500, 1000, 2000, 40000 and 8000 cps, average of speech range cycles (500, 1000 and 2000 cps) and average of 250, 1000 and 4000 cps.
The efficacy ratio for hearing loss was 17% (13 ears in 75). Thinnitus in 19 ears out of 54 ears were disappeared or improved (35%). Vertigo in 4 cases, headache in 4 cases and several neurotic complains were also improved.
High ratio of efficacy was obtained in non-classified deafness, Streptomycin poisoning and acoustic trauma.

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組織学的に興味ある鼻腔上皮性乳晴腫症例を経験したので報告した.
症例は68才男子で, 20年来の右鼻閉を主訴とし, 臨は前方は鼻外に達し, 後方は中咽頭に及矩大なものであつた. 経鼻及び経口的に腫瘍を摘出したが.組織診断は鼻腔上皮性乳噺腫であつた.
上皮性乳嘴腫は肉眼的にはさして特徴なく, 赤色或は灰白色の凹凸ある或は分葉性の腫瘍で, 硬度は軟らかいものから硬いものまでいろいろのものがある.
組織学的には非常に特徴がある. 上皮の増殖が著明で.すうへき形成が顕著に認められる. 上皮は移行上皮, 有毛円柱上皮, 扁平上皮等から成り, 多様性に富むことも特徴の一つである. 上皮が間質間に複雑に入り込んでいて, 一見間質に侵入せる腫瘍の像を呈するが, 精密に検索すれば常に基底膜は正常に保たれていて, この腫瘍が良性のものであることを示している. 時には基底層に軽度の核の不規則性や分裂像が認められることがある.
術後の再発率はかなり高いが, 悪性化の傾向は稀である.
治療法としては根治手術を行い, 術後経過観察を充分にすることが必要だと考えられる.

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The effect of Periactin, an antihistaminic and antiserotonic agent, against nasal allergy has been studied.
The agent was given orally 4-12mg for 7-21 days.
It was effective for the typical symptoms of sneezing, itching and nasal discharge but showed little efficacy for nasal stuffiness.
This drug showed no side effect except slight sleepiness in 5 out of 40 cases.
It has been found that Periactin is clinically useful for nasal allergy.

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A 20 year-old man was wounded in his neck with a splinter of percussion cap that was spon-taneously discharged.
The foreignbody was found inside of the right plate of the thyreoid cartilage, but the mucous membrane of the larynx was not damaged.
The foreignbody was removed away under the control of X-ray fluoroscopy.

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The air pressure in the oral cavity performs an essential role in the production of consonants, especially in plosives and fricatives. The measurement of this air pressure was applied to phonetics by some investigators, Stetson (1928), Black (1950), Fischer-Jorgensen (1959) etc., but has never been applied to clinical medicine. The author decided to call this pressure “pressure effect of articulation” and reports in this paper its usefulness in phoniatrics, especially in the diagnosis of articulation defects of nasal speech.
The pressure was transmitted by a polyethylene tube which was inserted in the mouth, 50cm long, with a bore of 2 mm, to the pressure transducer. The pressure recorder was constructed with the pressure transducer consisting of an RCA movable anode valve (Fig. 1) and its amplifier (Fig. 2), a DC-amplifier and Ink-oscillograph. Spoken voice and laryngeal vibration were simultaneously recorded (Fig. 3).
The measurements were carried out in the sound groups of “pa”,“ba”,“ta”,“da”,“sa”, and “za”, which were pronounced in speaking pitch and moderate intensity.
In normal persons, the pressure curves of various consonants displayed peculiar changes (Fig. 5) and pressure effects at least came up to 40 mmH₂O in surds and 25 mmH₂O in sonants.
In the patients of cleft palate and paralysis of soft palate, the pressure effects were smaller or absent. Although insufficient nasopharyngeal closure and nasal escape of the pressure are plausible reasons for this phenomenon, in some cases of cleft palate the glottal stop is more important. It is distinct from the fact that the obstruction of the nose never raised the pressure effect in these cases (Fig. 6).
At the glottal stop, the pressure curves were characteristic:
1) In some cases the pressure effect did not rise not only in free pronunciation but also in pronunciation with obstruction of the nose as mentioned above.
2) In other cases the pressure effect was smaller and showed abnormal curves; the curves went down temporarily in accordance with closure of the glottis (Fig. 8 and 9).
From the intensity of the pressure effect and the types of curves the following 4 groups were classified.
Most of the patients of cleft palate especially in adults belonged to Group I and II, and some of them who belonged to Group III get better speech by the postoperative speech training.
Most of the patients of paralysis of soft palate belonged to Group III, and some of them belonged to Group IV in spite of nasal escape of the pressure.

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