Caloric and righting reflex tests were performed in 80 deaf children with congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). Of these 80 children, 24 (30%) were found to have vestibular hypofunction, 6 (7.5%) were suspected of having vestibular hypofunction and 50 (62.5%) had a normal vestibular function. Of all 160 ears tested, impairment of vestibular function was proven in 21.3%, suspected in another 5.6% and entirely absent in the remaining 73.1%. There was no distinct correlation between the incidence of vestibular hypofunction and the degree of hearing loss. Half of the children with vestibular hypofunction elicited a normal righting reflex, suggesting working of a compensatory mechanism. In some minor proportion (26%) of the children with CRS an abnormality of righting reflex was observed in the presence of a normal vestibular function. This discrepancy might be accounted for an injury of the otolith organ or minimal brain dysfunction. According to the recent literature on inner ear pathology of CRS, there seems to be a general agreement that changes correspond to the cochleo-saccular degeneration of Scheibe type, but result of this study suggests a part of deaf children with CRS has an abnormality in the utricle and semicircular canals.

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The patients with eye movement and position derangement following blowout fracture was examined before and after the surgery by the Hess screen test (Red Green test). Then the results of the Hess screen test were calculated in the index naming RG score. The RG score would be a good indicator for detecting the degree of eye alignment.

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Diurnal variations of nasal provocative reactions were examined on 14 patients with perennial nasal allergy in order to elucidate adequate test time.
Each patient was tested at designated times (7:30a.m., 10:00a.m., 3:00p.m., 10:00p.m.) on the same day using control allergen free paper disc (controldisc), allergen containing disc (antigen disc) and lyophilized allergen powder. In the test the control disc was regarded as mechanic stimulation, the allergen powder as allergic stimulation and the antigen disc as both allergic and mechanic stimulation. The difference among these reactions were not statistically significant, but the provocative reaction with the control disc showed a tendency to increase at 7:30a.m. The provocative reaction with the antigen disc was apt to increase at 10:00p.m. and that with the allergen powder showed a similar tendency at 3:00p.m. and 10:00p.m.
We consider that the nasal provocation test should be performed from afternoon to evening because the nose reacts less to mechanical stimulus and more strongly to allergic stimulus during this period.

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The oesophagus speakers can not speak louder. This seems to be the biggest trouble in daily life for them. Therefore, the handy amplifier produced by way of trial experiment to alleviat their trouble.
This instrument is made up of a microphone, amplifier and speaker. An amplifier and speaker is put in a compact box of 10.0×6.7×2.8cm. A microphone is put in a cap of the fountain pen or pipe and connected with the amplifier by a thin cord of 30cm at the length.
A voice spoken by touching the cap or pipe with the lips is uttered from the speaker through the amplifier in the chest pocket of the coat.
This instrument is recommended by many oesophagus speakers.

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Neuro-otological and neurological examinations were periodically performed to 12 patients who were suffered from Minamata disease (poisoning by organic mercury compounds) for more than 20 years. The changes of findings of the both examinations and the correlation between them were investigated and reported in this paper.
In the pure tone audiometry, 14 out of 22 ears showed improvement of hearing loss (63.6%) and 4 ears took turns for the worse (18.2%). In the initial examination, 20 out of 24 ears had perceptive deafness. Twelve out of the 20 ears (60%) showed the type of cochlear deafness. Two out of the 20 ears were combined with conductive deafness, and 13 out of the other 18 ears indicated temporarily normal hearing range in the progress. In the final examination (about 20 years after the inititial examination), 7 ears showed normal hearing (38.9%), and retrocochlear deafness was suspected to 8 ears (44.4%).
Degree of dysequilibrium observed in 12 patients showed a little change during their long term progress. Relatively significant differences of these small changes were observed by examination of nystagmus. And all of 12 cases took turns for the worse in some extent. Only 3 out of 12 patients took a similar process in the change of the degree of hearing loss, dysequilibrium and incoordination. Taking two disorders, hearing loss and incoordination, the changes of the both findings correlated well in 5 patients (41.7%). The most significant correlation was observed in 8 patients (66.7%) between those of dysequilibrium and incoordination.

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A retrospective study of 32 patients with malignant nasopharyngeal tumor was performed.
Twenty three patients with carcinoma and nine patients with sarcoma were treated from 1967 to 1976 at Kumamoto medical school. Cervical mass, nasal obstruction and full sensation of the ear were three main symptoms, and one third of nasopharyngeal carcinomas presented cervical mass as a chief complain. All patients had radiotherapy, except 2 patients with carcinoma who were treated by surgical operation.
For last two years, the patients' sera were examined for antibody titer to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related antigen, and all carcinomas showed high antibody titer. The patients whose serum antibody titer to EBV-related antigen was markedly decreased following therapy, had good prognosis. In this series, five-year survival rate was ten per cent.

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A 5-year-old girl has been suffered from a large variety of pulmonary symptomes for past one year because of intrabronchial foreign body which was not clear at her past history. Finally, bronchoscopy was performed and a plastic bullet was found in her right bronchus.
In this paper, our case was reported and discussed on problems due to ingestion of plastic goods.

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A case of spontaneous hemorrhage into the maxillary sinus was encountered. The bleeding could be arrested only after diabetes, which was discovered during the course of this hemorrhagic condition, was successfully brought under control.
The patient was a 49-year-old male public service worker who began to have epistaxis on October 6, 1978. The bleeding occurred in a few episodes daily, though readily controllable each time. After receiving examination and treatment at internist's and surgeon's office, he visited the outpatient service of the Department of Otolaryngology, Hamanomachi Hospital to seek help for the disorder.
Rhinologic examination revealed polypoid enlargement of the left middle turbinate at its anterior tip and bleeding from the middle meatus on the same side. Under the diagnosis of hemorrhage from the left maxillary sinus he was hospitalized late in the evening of October 9.
The bleeding being considered idiopathic, steroid therapy was given.
After his hospitalization the bleeding continued to occur in repeated episodes. At around 7:00a.m. on October 12 he suddenly developed a fainting spell with incontinuence and convulsive seizures in an elevator while he was being taken in a wheel chair to the outpatient service to receive treatment for bleeding which occurred 2 hours previously. With treatment he recovered his consciousness in a matter of 5 minutes. His blood pressure was 98-56mmHg at the time of fainting, which was elevated to 110-70mmHg after the treatment.
On that day the patient was found to be positive for urinary glucose and his blood sugar was estimated at 185mg/dl. Subsequent determinations of glucose and insulin in a glucose tolerance test led to a diagnosis of primary chemical diabetes. At that time his red blood cell count was 241×10⁴ and hemoglobin content was 6.9g/dl. However, aside from anemia, there was no evidence of hematological disorders.
The steroid therapy was replaced by a dietary regimen, under which the diabetes could successfully be brought under control without resorting to insulin and other remedies for diabetes. Hematopoietics were prescribed for anemia. He was free of epistaxis from October 12 onwards. Plain x-ray and tomography of his skull revealed a diffuse shadow in the left maxillary sinus but with no evidence of bone destruction. On October 19 puncture and lavage of the antrum performed via the middle meatus yielded a plenty of old clotted blood. Roentgenologic study with 20% moljodol instillation by antero-posterior projection failed to disclose any abnormalities in the sinusal mucosa, while lateral projections revealed a slight hypertrophy of the membrane lining the anterior wall of the sinus. Probe antrotomy was considered unnecissary under these circumstances. The polyp at the anterior tip of the middle turbinate was resected. Pathological examination demonstrated it to be of inflammatory origin. Henceforth there has been no recurrence of epistaxis.
Spontaneous intramaxillary hemorrhage is of rare occurrence. In the present case there was an intercurrent diabetes and the bleeding could be stopped only after the diabetes was adequately controlled. This fact suggests that the diabetes might be a significant factor in the causation of the intramaxillary hemorrhage.
Our experience tells that adrenocortical hormones are more effective than any hemostatic agents available to date in the management of spontaneous nasal bleeding. For this reason we used these steroids in the present case. Contrary to our expectations, however, this regimen worsened the diabets and protracted the bleeding. Emphasis must therefore be placed on the importance of monitoring patients for urinary and blood sugar while they are on adrenocortical hormones.

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In acute suppurative otitis media and acute tonsillitis (including peritonsillitis and peritonsillar abscess), efficacy, safety and usefulness of bacampicillin (BAPC) were compared with those of amoxycillin (AMPC), as a standard drug, by a double blind controlled study. The following results were obtained;
1) The global improvement rating (GIR) judged by doctors in acute suppurative otitis media showed no significant difference between both groups, but BAPC was superior to AMPC in acute tonsillitis (P<0.05).
2) No significant difference was observed in the incidence of side effects between both groups.
3) BAPC was superior to AMPC in regard to the global utility rating judged by doctors and evaluation committee in acute tonsillitis (P<0.05), although there was no significant difference between both groups in acute suppurative otitis media.
As mentioned above, BAPC was superior to AMPC in regard to GIR in acute tonsillitis and GIR in single infections of β-strept. in the disease However, there was no significant difference between both groups in not only GIR in acute suppurative otitis media but also sensitivity of β-strept. to ABPC (active compound of BAPC) and AMPC.

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