巻号一覧
10 巻 (1935)
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10 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の10件中1～10を表示しています
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松井 三雄, 小林 晃夫1935 年 10 巻 2 号 p. 173-194
発行日: 1935年
公開日: 2013/05/21
ジャーナル フリーProblem: A survey of the literature about the warning-up effect shows that most of the experinlenters have used as their experimental materials some form of work such as tapring, multiplication, additon, memorizing etc, but we can find few results in the work of muscular strength. It is the warming-up effect in Such Woirk, therefore, that we will discuss first in this paper.
The literature also shows that, all investigators have not agreed in the problem of the relationship between the warming-up effect and the effect of practice. In this point we find the second problem, that will be treated here.
Proceaure and Result: For the first problem we measured the strength of grip of the right hand with the hand dynamometer after Smedley. There were four conditions in this experiment as follows;_??_
The warming-up effect was clearly demonstrated in every condition of our experiment, and it was noted at once that the shorter the rest period was, the later the effect in question appeared.
The warming-up effect was greatest in condtition IV, and in this case the subjects introspected some “feeling of expansion” in their arms. And there were individual differences at the time when the warming-up effect appeared.
We experimeted also with tapping under the same conditions, and found the same results mentioned above.
For the second problem we tried practice experiments with Kraepelin's addition, standing broad jump, grip and tap. The addition was practiced by four subjects about seventy days in the condition of 5' work, 5' rest, 5' work.
At the earlier period of practice the second 5' work was always better than the first 5' work, but at the later they became reverse, that is the first 5' work gives no positive effect to the second 5' work. The positive effect of the earlier period, therefore, may be considered not to be the warmingup effect, brit the effect of practice.
In other tests the positive effects of the works before the rest periods, upon the works after the rests were always found, and the greatest warmingup effect grew to appear earlier with practice.
Oehm and Heron using nonsense syllables, found the warming-up effect to be present. Thorndike, however says of the former's work, that there was little or no direct evidence of warming -up in his records, and Mitchell indicated that the alleged warming-up effect in the later work must be regarded as the effect of practice. Present writers found the same thing in adding experiment. Therefore we can conclude that in such more mental form of work, the warming-up effect is not clearly demonstrable, but in more muscular form of work such as tapping, strength of grip, standing broad jump etc, we can see the effect clearly.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2266K) -
今田 惠1935 年 10 巻 2 号 p. 195-204
発行日: 1935年
公開日: 2013/05/21
ジャーナル フリーThis study was planned with both practical and theoretical interest. From the practical point of view, I wanted to determine the nature of Zimmermann's colour paper, which is usually used for ordinary psychological experiments. When we use them we ought to know the nature of each colour. One way of doing this, is in terms of physical attributes. The other is psychological, that is to know what relations there exist between the sensations aroused by those colours. From the theoretical point of view the question of complementarity of colours and the nature of after-image is of interest.
On the one hand, it is defined that the two colours which becomes colourless when mixed are complementary to each other. On the other hand, it is known that the hue of an after-image of a certain colour is complementary to the original stimulus. I tried to combine these two propositions in this experiment. The usual method of determining complementary colour is by colour-mixing, so this may be said a new approach to this question.
The observer is asked to look at a small colour square (one square centimeter) cut of the Zimmermann set on medium gray back-ground for 20 seconds. The experimenter takes away the colour, and the observer gazes the same spot and carefully notes the hue of the after-image. In front of the observer the whole series of 15 colours are arranged according to the hue and each colour is numbered 1-15 starting with red. At a most suitable time the observer tries to locate the hue of the after-image in the series of sample colours. This was done without difficulty.
The experiment was conducted in a well lighted room on the north side in a diffuse day-light. The observers included in this report are 5 university students.
For the results the reader is advised to see the Tables 1 and 2 in the original Japanese article in this Journal.
After image_??_
Figure 2 in the Japanese section will show diagramatically the complementary relations of the 15 colours used in this experiment.
Some of the other points of interest are as follows;
Occurrence of green, greenish-blue, blue and violet after-images are most frequent, and reds and yellows are very rare.
About the reciprocality of complementary colours of these 15 colours, No. 1(Red) and No.10 (Greenish-Blue), No.5 (Ultramarine Blue) and No.12 (Greenish-Blue), and No.8 (Green) and No.13 (Violet) are most perfect.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1048K) -
ミュレル・リエル錯視の研究小保内 虎夫1935 年 10 巻 2 号 p. 205-223
発行日: 1935年
公開日: 2013/05/21
ジャーナル フリー一、ミュレル・リエル錯視を説明せんがための鋭角過大視原理は誤である。
二、在來の意味に於ける合流 (同化) の概念は曖昧であり、又、誤謬を含んでゐる。
三、ミュレル・リエル錯視と同化・對比錯視 (分割錯視) とは幾何學的に見ると同一種類の錯視である。
四、矩形の對比錯視圖形に關しては高さ或は幅の大さと錯視量との間に規則的關係が存する。
五、同化・對比錯視 (分割錯視) の圖形の大さと錯視量との間に逆比例の關係が存する。またミュレル・リエル錯視に關しても同様な關係が見られる。よつてこの兩者は同一原因によつて起るものと推定出來る。
六、ミュレル・リエル圖形に關する諸種の實驗結果は感應の一般法則によつて説明され得る。
七、分割圖形、ミュレル・リエル圖形の孰れにあつても、注視點が異るにつれて、又、判斷の時期の選び方によつて錯視の分量に變化が起る。
八、適當な大さで描かれてゐる場合、ミュレル・リエル錯視の外向斜線圖形にあつては顯著な運動印象が起る。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2227K) -
牛島 義友1935 年 10 巻 2 号 p. 225-239
発行日: 1935年
公開日: 2013/05/21
ジャーナル フリーWhile there are many investigations concerning the inheritance of intelligence, we have only a few studies on the heredity of character. Because at first there was no objective method of investigating, and measuring character traits, the correlation method could not be applied to them, but now the development of chararcter study has opened the way to study character quantitatively, and also to use the correlation method.
Awaji and Okabe's extraversion-introversion test was assigned to seventythree students of awomen's college, who introspected themselves and also observed the character of their parents and brothers and sisters (older than ten years of age).
The correlation of the version quotient between a father and his daughter (the observer)is .207 and the correlation between a mother and her daughter is. 304 These values are very low, compared to those of the inheritance of intelligence.
While some parents resemble each other, other parents have different characters, therefore we calculated the correlation coefficient separately for each of those two groups. But the difference between the correlations in the two groups is not so large as we expected. And further correlations between parents and their children (non-observers), who were observed by the same other-observation method, are also very low.
Parents resenlbling Unlike _??_
Besides this correlation method, we tried other methods of checking these negative results, but the result was the same.
These results make it necessary to modify the common sense view that children take after their parents in their character.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1496K) -
千葉 胤成1935 年 10 巻 2 号 p. 241-257
発行日: 1935年
公開日: 2010/07/16
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1888K) -
國語問題のために波多野 完治1935 年 10 巻 2 号 p. 259-284
発行日: 1935年
公開日: 2010/07/16
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (2639K) -
佐久間 鼎1935 年 10 巻 2 号 p. 285-290
発行日: 1935年
公開日: 2010/07/16
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (498K) -
1935 年 10 巻 2 号 p. 291-312
発行日: 1935年
公開日: 2010/07/16
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (3268K) -
1935 年 10 巻 2 号 p. 313-319
発行日: 1935年
公開日: 2010/07/16
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1063K) -
1935 年 10 巻 2 号 p. 326
発行日: 1935年
公開日: 2010/07/16
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (148K)
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