心理学研究
Online ISSN : 1884-1082
Print ISSN : 0021-5236
ISSN-L : 0021-5236
86 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の9件中1~9を表示しています
原著論文
  • 村山 綾, 三浦 麻子
    2015 年 86 巻 1 号 p. 1-9
    発行日: 2015年
    公開日: 2015/04/25
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2015/01/15
    ジャーナル フリー
    This study defined Belief in Just World (BJW) multidimensionally and investigated the effects of Belief in Immanent Justice (BIJ) and Belief in Ultimate Justice (BUJ) on victim derogation and draconian punishment of perpetrators. Study 1 tested the validity of the multidimensional structure of BJW and demonstrated relationships between BJW and other psychological variables. In Study 2, we measured the reactions to the victim and perpetrator in an injury case reported in a news article, and evaluated the relationships of these reactions to BIJ and BUJ. The results revealed that BIJ was associated with a preference in draconian punishment of the perpetrator, while BUJ was associated with dissociation from the victim (a type of victim derogation). In addition, as hypothesized, we found that dehumanization of the perpetrator partially mediated the relationship between BIJ and victim derogation. We discussed relationships between the two types of BJW and just-world maintenance strategies in the situation where a victim and a perpetrator are both recognized.
  • 髙本 真寛
    2015 年 86 巻 1 号 p. 10-20
    発行日: 2015年
    公開日: 2015/04/25
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2015/01/15
    ジャーナル フリー
    In response to recent calls in the literature for within-person examination of coping processes over time, this study used daily diary methods to investigate the relationships between daily events, coping, and daily affects. Every day for two weeks, 62 undergraduates recorded their perceived interpersonal stress, most troublesome events, how they coped, positive events, and positive and negative affect. A hierarchical linear model was used to examine the relations between these variables. The results suggested that both positive and negative events made significantly influenced current-day positive and negative affect. In addition, avoidance thinking was associated with within-level adjustment, while emotional sharing with others, distancing and positive reappraisal were associated with within-level maladjustment.
  • 河村 悠太, 楠見 孝
    2015 年 86 巻 1 号 p. 21-31
    発行日: 2015年
    公開日: 2015/04/25
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2015/01/15
    ジャーナル フリー
    Advertisements for charity generally employ one of two advertising strategies. The first appeals to the efficacy of support, while the second appeals to the necessity of support. Two experiments investigated the effect of each type of charity advertising on donations and on donors’ explicit and implicit evaluations of the recipients. The results indicated that although participants’ explicit evaluations of charity recipients were not changed by efficacy-based advertising, they were negatively influenced by necessity-based advertising. Furthermore, Experiment 1 detected moderating effects of empathic concern. The explicit evaluations of participants in the necessity-based advertising group were negatively correlated with their empathic concern. Implicit evaluations were consistently negative in both groups. Both advertising strategies were more effective at securing donations than the control group, which did not use any strategies. These findings suggest practical implications for charity advertising.
研究資料
  • 後藤 崇志, 石橋 優也, 梶村 昇吾, 岡 隆之介, 楠見 孝
    2015 年 86 巻 1 号 p. 32-41
    発行日: 2015年
    公開日: 2015/04/25
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2015/01/15
    ジャーナル フリー
    We developed a free will and determinism scale in Japanese (FAD-J) to assess lay beliefs in free will, scientific determinism, fatalistic determinism, and unpredictability. In Study 1, we translated a free will and determinism scale (FAD-Plus) into Japanese and verified its reliability and validity. In Study 2, we examined the relationship between the FAD-J and eight other scales. Results suggested that lay beliefs in free will and determinism were related to self-regulation, critical thinking, other-oriented empathy, self-esteem, and regret and maximization in decision makings. We discuss the usefulness of the FAD-J for studying the psychological functions of lay beliefs in free will and determinism.
  • 伊藤 裕子, 相良 順子
    2015 年 86 巻 1 号 p. 42-48
    発行日: 2015年
    公開日: 2015/04/25
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2015/03/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    A marital commitment scale was created to study marital relationships of middle-aged and elderly couples. This study examined the scale’s reliability and validity. A total of 840 middle-aged and elderly married participants ranged from 37 to 89 years completed the marital commitment questionnaire and answered questions regarding marital love, perception of the balance of power between spouses, and the concept of gender roles. The results showed that marital commitment consisted of: personal commitment, resigned and instrumental commitment and normative commitment. Personal commitment was highly correlated with marital love. Resigned and instrumental commitment was correlated with perception of poorly balanced of power between spouses. Normative commitment was correlated with the concept of traditional gender roles. Thus the internal consistency as well as the construct and criterion-related validity of the marital commitment scale were confirmed. Gender differences were also identified. Men scored higher on personal and normative commitment, and women scored higher on resigned and instrumental commitment. The results are discussed in terms of gender.
研究報告
  • 新井田 恵美
    2015 年 86 巻 1 号 p. 49-54
    発行日: 2015年
    公開日: 2015/04/25
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2015/03/13
    ジャーナル フリー
    Studies of goal management have examined how to manage multiple goals. Previous research (Finkelstein & Fishbach, 2010) showed that healthy eating made one hungrier. This study hypothesized that participants were hungrier when a health goal was not activated than when it was activated. It is expected that in such cases, goal shifting might be more likely to occur because goal progress had been perceived. Two experiments were conducted and their results were in line with this hypothesis. Participants reported being hungrier when their health goal were not activated than when these goals were activated. We consider the effect of goal activation on goal management and its implications for future research.
  • 吉崎 聡子, 平岡 恭一
    2015 年 86 巻 1 号 p. 55-61
    発行日: 2015年
    公開日: 2015/04/25
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2015/03/13
    ジャーナル フリー
    The purpose of the present study was to examine the multivariate relations between career exploration and its predictors. University sophomores and seniors completed a questionnaire about career exploration, career decision-making self-efficacy, career decision-making outcome expectations, and career motivation. Canonical correlation analysis showed that combining all predictors, i.e., career decision-making self-efficacy, career decision-making outcome expectations, and career motivations, accounted for a large portion of the career exploration variance. Of subfactors of career motivation, only “integrated and identified regulation” was significantly related to career exploration. This result suggests that career exploration is predicted by self-efficacy as well as a highly self-determinated extrinsic motivation.
  • 服部 陽介, 丹野 義彦
    2015 年 86 巻 1 号 p. 62-68
    発行日: 2015年
    公開日: 2015/04/25
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2015/03/13
    ジャーナル フリー
    The purpose of the present study was to investigate the causal relationship between meta-cognitive beliefs about thought suppression and intrusive thoughts. We conducted structural equation modeling using a cross-lagged effect model and a synchronous effect model. Results revealed that the Paradoxical Effect subscale score synchronously increased the frequency of intrusive thoughts. On the other hand, the frequency of intrusive thoughts did not affect the degree of confidence in meta-cognitive beliefs. These results demonstrate a causal relationship between meta-cognitive beliefs about thought suppression and intrusive thoughts. The cognitive processes underlying this causal relationship and future directions of research about thought suppression are discussed.
  • 池田 浩, 古川 久敬
    2015 年 86 巻 1 号 p. 69-75
    発行日: 2015年
    公開日: 2015/04/25
    [早期公開] 公開日: 2015/03/13
    ジャーナル フリー
    This study examined the interactive effect of management by group goals and job interdependence on employee’s activities in terms of task and contextual performance. A survey was conducted among 140 Japanese employees. Results indicated that management by group goals was related only to contextual performance. Job interdependence, however, had a direct effect on both task and contextual performance. Moreover, moderated regression analyses revealed that for work groups requiring higher interdependence among employees, management by group goals had a positive relation to contextual performance but not to task performance. When interdependence was not necessarily required, however, management by group goals had no relation to contextual performance and even negatively impacted task performance, respectively. These results show that management by group goals affects task and contextual performance, and that this effect is moderated by job interdependence. This provides a theoretical extension as well as a practical application to the setting and management of group goals.
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