We investigated whether visual cues are useful for judging haptic angles. Participants explored three-dimensional angles with a virtual haptic feedback device. For visual cues, we use a location cue, which synchronizes haptic exploration, and a space cue, which specifies the haptic space. In Experiment 1, angles were judged more correctly with both cues, but were overestimated with a location cue only. In Experiment 2, the visual cues emphasized depth, and overestimation with location cues occurred, but space cues had no influence. The results showed that (a)when both cues are presented, haptic angles are judged more correctly. (b)Location cues facilitate only motion information, and not depth information. (c)Haptic angles are apt to be overestimated when there is both haptic and visual information.
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