Gillies and Govan法によるピオシン型別法をヒト血液加トリプトソイ寒天平板で実施, 分離菌126株のうちから指示菌7株に対する発育阻止パターンを異にする18株 (一部には同型も含む) を選定した. これに型標準株2株を加えた20株を対象として, 原法に従つてウマ血液, その代用としてヒト, ウシ・ウサギ血液を添加した培地32℃14時間培養後に産生されたピオシンを比較した. これによるとウマとウシでは全株それぞれ同一パターンを示し, ヒト特にウサギでは菌株の一部でかなりの変動がみられ, 当面ウマ血液に代えてウシ血液を使用する方針を定めた.
同じ20株を使用して前後6回の型別を実施, うち8株では完全に, 5株ではかなりの再現性を認め, 残る7株ではvariable typeとすべき所見が得られた. この結果よりピオシン型別に当つては再現性を考慮する必要があり, 緑膿菌のうちにはその産生ピオシンの不安定を伴う菌群も存在するものと思われた.
標準菌2株を加えた10株を対象に, ウシ血液加培地で27℃, 32℃, 37℃ それぞれ14時間と24時間培養後, 産生されたピオシンの作用域を検討した. 現状では原法と同じ32℃14時間が無難とみられる所見を得たが, 培養時間の延長または温度の上昇によつて一旦産生されたピオシンが不活化されるという所見は少なく, 別途その本態を解明する必要があると思われた.
そこでウシ血液使用, 32℃ 14時間で分離菌143株を型別, 1型47株, 3型18株, 4型1株, 5型2株, 6型7株, 9型1株, 10型24株, 11型2株, 16型1株, 20型1株, 22型2株, 29型4株, 33型5株, 35型3株非産生7株, 1/10型8株, 型別不能10株との成績を得, うち126株についてはヒト血液使用の場合と比較した.

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Recently, salmonella infection has become recognized as an important public health problem in Japan. Patients with dysentery-like symptoms without shigellae are apparently increasing in number, and thereby causatives are frequently salmonellae.
In order to get epidemiological details on salmonella contamination in Osaka prefecture, we performed isolations of salmonellae from human feces as well as non-human materials including various kind of meat (beef, pork, chicken and minced meat), water of sewages and other materials. Isolated salmonellae were examined for serotypes and drugresistance.
The results were summarized as follows:
1) The isolation rate of salmonellae from human feces had steadily increased during the period be-tmeen 1966 and 1970, the percentage being from 0.09 to 0.84.
2) The high incidence was seen in the case of meat and other non-human materials. We have found, incidentally, that for the isolation plate from meat generally available in the city market, MLCB plate is superior to SS plate and in the case of using Hajna's tetrathionate broth, better results were obtainable in 48 hours incubation than 24 hours incubation.
3) Out of isolated strains, 79.8% were found to be resistant (25.0mcg/ml or over) to either one of streptomycin (SM), chloramphenicol (CP) or Tetracycline (TC). Particularly, 70.6% were resistant to SM. The isolation rate of resistant strains to CP or TC was higher in non-human materials (3.4% to CP and 35.0% to TC) than in human materials (0.9% to CP and 11.0% to TC).
4) As for the resistance pattern to antibiotics, we found that two peaks were seen at the concentration 25.0mcg/ml and 100mcg/ml in the distribution of resistance valud of the strains to SM except S. enteritidis which showed only one peak at 1.56mcg/ml and any strains of which never exceeded the level 25.0mcg/ml.
As a further study we investigated 20 more strains of S. enteritidis including those spared from Osaka Municipal Momoyama Hospital by the courtesy of Dr Sugiyama and those from meat and other materials isolated by us in 1971. The results were the same.
To CP and TC, only one peak was demonstrated at 6.25 mcg/ml and 3.125 mcg/ml, respectively.
5) It was experienced in this series that two different phage types of S. paratyphi B (Beccles 3a and 3a Ivar. 4) were isolated from the same carrier, but the resistant pattern of them proved the same.

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米国教育厚生省 (Department of Health, Education, and Welfare) の定期刊行物に, National Communicalble Disease Center (NCDC) から“Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report”(MMWR) という週刊パンフレットが発行されています. 内容は合衆国の届出伝染病の週間州別発生速報が主ですが, ほかに各種疾患の集団発生報告や調査記録なども載つています. その中から興味ありそうな記事を選んで抄録しましよう.

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