Aspergillus infection is the most frequent fungal infection associated with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), and often results in a life-threatening situation. This report describes the use of high-dose fluconazole, a new antifungal agent, for invasive
Aspergillus infection in a patient with CGD. A 27-month-old boy was sent to our hospital because of unknown fever in October, 1988. He was then admitted for pneumonia and pleural effusion of the right lung in February, 1989. Treatment with antibiotics was ineffective, and cultures of throat and pleural fluid were negative. In May, 1989,
Aspergillus fumigatus was cultured from a subcutaneous abcess at the point of pleural puncture. Therefore we speculated that
Aspergillus might have been the cause of pneumonia. The patient was diagnosed as having CGD by NBT test. Treatment with miconazole, flucitocin and amphotericin-B syrup was ineffective. From July, 1989, he was given 100 mg/day fluconazole d. i. v., but the drug did not reach an effective serum concentration to combat
Aspergillus. However, an effective concentration of fluconazole was reached at a dose of 250 mg/day, and the chest X-ray findings subsequently improved, despite occasional high fever and continued high CRP. In July, 1990, the route of fluconazole administration was changed from d. i. v. to p.o. at the same dose, resulting in a serum concentration of fluconazole higher than that achieved with d. i. v. treatment. Both the clinical and laboratory findings showed improvement thereafter. Therapy for
Aspergillus infection associated with CGD was found to necessitate high doses of anti-fungal drugs over a long period, although treatment with previously employed anti-fungal drugs could not be cotinued due to their adverse side effects. Our present case showed that high-dose fluconazole could be given over a long period because of its mild side effects, and was therefore useful for
Aspergillus infection associated with CGD.
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