医療匠従事すべき人員の免疫状況の一端を知る目的で, 福島医大看護学校に入学した学生のポリオウイルスに対する血清中和抗体価を調べた. これらの学生の約1/3はそれまでにポリオワクチンの接種を受けた経験がなく (ワクチン非接種群), 残りは1962年に弱毒生ワクチンの経口投与を受けていた (接種群). 主な成績はつぎの通りである.
調査した198名の学生のうち, 44名 (22.2%) においては, ポリオ中和抗体の中の1種類ないしそれ以上の型が, 血清稀釈1:2で陰性であつた. そのような学生の大多数はワクチン非接種群にみられた.
一部の学生からは第3学年の学年末ころに再び採血して検査し, 同一人の入学時の価と比較した結果, 1967年度入学生の約半数近くが2型ウイルスに対して著明な抗体価の上昇を示した. その原因については, 直接的実証は得られなかつたが, おそらくこのクラスが在学中に2型ウイルスに集団的に接触したためではなかろうかと推測された.

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It was reported at the 21st medical meeting of Eastern Japan Section of Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases that Lividomycin (LVM), a newly developed broad spectrum antibiotic, is as powerful as KM in clinical use as well as antimicrobial activity in bacillary dysentery.
In this paper, the results of clinical application of LVM in both single use and the combination use with AB-PC were reported. Along with our view on antibiotic usage that the combination use of easily and poorly absorbable drugs must be advantageous to the single use in the treatment of most intestinal infectious diseases, the main emphasis was put on the comparison between the data obtained by the both methods.
Subjected were the patients of bacillary dysentery, vibrio parahaemolyticus infection, salmonellosis, and acute colitis negative of known pathogens, all of whom acute colitis negative of known pathogens, all of whom were those treated at Tokyo Metropolitan Ebara Hospital, recently.
Dosis of LVM was: uniformly 2.0g per day (0.5g every 6 hours orally) in the single use; 1.0 g LVM and 1.0g AB-PC (divided into every 6 hours dosis, likewise) in the combination use; medication span was uniformly 5 days.
Diarrheal frequency and stool appearance were taken up as markers of clinical effectiveness in acute stage and bacillary discharge rate was another marker especially in carrier state. The clinical effectiveness was categorized here as excellent, good and poor.
The summary: In bacillary dysentery: clinical effectiveness; four excellent, 7 good, 2 poor in 13 cases of the single use; 2 excellent, 3 good, 0 poor in the combination use. Stoppage of bacillary discharge was seen at 4th day in the combination use and 5th day in the single use at the longest.
In vibrio parahaemolyticus infection: clinical effectiveness; 5 excellent, 4 good, 0 poor in 9 cases of the single use; 7 excellent, 1 good, 0 poor in the combination use. The stoppage rate of bacillary discharge was almost equal in the both.
In salmonellosis: only the single use was applied to four symptomatic cases and recovery was slower than expected. The combination use was applied to the carriers, in that, bacillary redischarge was seen in 44.4%(4 out of 9 cases).
In acute colitis negative of known pathogens: clinical effectiveness; 2 excellent, 2 good, 3 poor in 6 cases of the single use; 3 excellent, 4 good, 2 poor in 9 cases of the combination use.
From above results, it is our impression that the combination use is given a position, if not much, but recognizably superior to the single use except for in salmonellosis where neither single nor combination use could yield satisfactory effects and some other medication methods should be devised.

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米国教育厚生省 (Department of Health, Education, and Welfare) の定期刊行物に, Center for Disease Control (CDC) から“Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report”(MMWR) という週刊パンフレットが発行されています. 内容は合衆国の届出伝染病の週間州別発生速報が主ですが, ほかに各種疾患の集団発生報告や調査記録なども載つています. その中から興味ありそうな記事を選んで紹介しましよう.

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