To evaluate the prevalence of extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC)-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in broiler chickens, 41 rectal samples taken from 4 commercial farms were examined. Desoxycholate hydrogen sulfide lactose agars, supplemented with either 4 μg/m
l cefotaxime or 16 μg/m
l ceftazidime, were used to screen ESC-resistant bacteria. ESC-resistant bacteria were isolated from all samples. Of the 164 ESC-resistant bacteria (included 4 isolates per a sample), 163 were
Escherichia coli, while 1 isolate was identified as
Enterobacter cloacae. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes and plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamase genes in the isolates were determined by PCR and sequencing. One AmpC β-lactamase gene,
blaCMY-2 (66%), and 4 ESBL genes,
blaCTX-M-1 (26%),
blaCTX-M-55 (10%),
blaSHV-5 (4%) and
blaCTX-M-2 (3%), were detected in the
E. coli isolates. The epidemiological relationship of the CMY-2 and CTX-M β-lactamase-producing isolates among the farms was analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis using the
XbaI restriction enzyme. Forty-one (Y1–Y41) and 14 (X1–X14) clusters were found in the CMY-2 and CTX-M-carrying
E. coli isolates, respectively. Some clusters included isolates derived from more than 1 farm, indicating some cross-contamination of clonal strains and spread of CMY-2 AmpC β-lactamase or CTX-M ESBL among the farms.
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