Journal of Veterinary Medical Science
Online ISSN : 1347-7439
Print ISSN : 0916-7250
ISSN-L : 0916-7250
61 巻, 6 号
選択された号の論文の25件中1~25を表示しています
  • Hideki ENDO, Hajime TARU, Kazue NAKAMURA, Hiroshi KOIE, Yoshiki YAMAYA ...
    原稿種別: FULL PAPER
    専門分野: Anatomy
    1999 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 581-586
    発行日: 1999/06/25
    公開日: 2000/04/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    We examined the head of the gray wolf (Canis lupus) using MRI methods. Although the arising surface of the M. temporalis was not so enlarged in the frontal bone, the small frontal bone did not disturb the M. temporalis from occupying the lateral space of the frontal area in the gray wolf as in the domesticated dog. In the gray wolf, it is suggested that the M. temporalis may not be well-developed in terms of size of arising area, but in the thickness of running bundles. We suggest that the dog has changed the three-dimensional plan of the M. temporalis during the domestication and that the M. temporalis has developed a large arising surface in the frontal bone and lost the thickness of belly in the frontal area in accordance with the enlargement of the frontal bone and the increase in brain size.
  • Kenji IWASA, Yukio OOMORI, Hiroshi TANAKA
    原稿種別: FULL PAPER
    専門分野: Anatomy
    1999 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 621-629
    発行日: 1999/06/25
    公開日: 2000/04/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    The present study showed the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and neurofilament protein (NFP), catecholamine-synthesizing enzymes, dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH) and phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) immunoreactivities in the mouse adrenal gland during postnatal development. From birth to postnatal-1-day, AChE activity was weakly and diffusely found in some medullary cells and in very few nerve fibers whereas strong NFP immunoreactivity was seen in a few ganglion cells and in remarkably numerous nerve fibers in the medulla. Almost all meduallary cells were reactive for both DBH and PNMT during this period. From postnatal-2- or -3-day to postnatal-1-week, strong AChE activity was observed in a few large ganglion cells, but the reaction was weak in clusters of chromaffin cells, and the number of strong AChE-active nerve fibers in the medulla was rapidly increased. From postnatal-2-day onwards, the number of NFP-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the medulla were remarkably numerous. Numerous chromaffin cells were reactive for both DBH and PNMT whereas some chromaffin cells were reactive for only DBH from postnatal-2-day onwards. These results suggest that drastic changes such as an increase of acetylcholine in the nerve fibers, differentiation of noradrenaline and adrenaline cells of the medulla may occur during this period. From postnatal-2-week to postnatal-3-week, weak AChE activity was seen in the culsters of several chromaffin cells and a few ganglion cells, and the number of AChE-active nerve fibers in the medulla was gradually increased. From postnatal-4-week to postnatal-8-week (adult), the distribution and frequency of AChE activity in the adrenal gland were similar to those at postnatal-3-week. In the adult, AChE activity was weakly seen in the clusters of several chromaffin cells showing noradrenaline fluorescence in the adrenal medulla. The noradrenaline cells were contacted by denser AChE-reactive nerve fibers than adrenaline cells. These results suggest that the development of cholinergic nervous system in the mouse adrenal medulla may be completed by postnatal-3-week.
  • Kenji IWASA, Yukio OOMORI, Hiroshi TANAKA
    原稿種別: FULL PAPER
    専門分野: Anatomy
    1999 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 631-635
    発行日: 1999/06/25
    公開日: 2000/04/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    The present immunohistochemical and enzyme histochemical study showed gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) immunoreactivity and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the mouse adrenal gland. Weak GABA immunoreactivity was seen in clusters of chromaffin cells showing noradrenaline fluorescence. This finding suggests that both GABA and noradrenaline may be released from the granules of noradrenaline cells by adequate stimuli. GABA-immunoreactive varicose nerve fibers densely contacted adrenaline cells and large ganglion cells, but they were sparse in the periphery of clusters of noradrenaline cells. AChE activity was strong in a few large ganglion cells and weak in chromaffin cells showing noradrenaline fluorescence, and was found in numerous nerve bundles and fibers of the medulla. AChE-active nerve fibers more densely contacted noradrenaline cells than adrenaline cells. By using double labeling technique, numerous GABA-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the medulla were reactive for AChE in the same sections. These results suggest that both GABA and acetylcholine may be colocalized in the intra-adrenal nerve fibers and may have some secretory effects on the chromaffin cells.
  • Kazue Nakanaga, Shinji Maeda, Yuka Myojin, De Long Xu, Yoshitaka Goto
    原稿種別: NOTE
    専門分野: Bacteriology
    1999 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 717-720
    発行日: 1999/06/25
    公開日: 2000/04/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    Nucleic acid sequence of complemental DNA open reading frame for Nramp-1 gene was compared among DBA/2 (Bcgr), C57BL/6 (Bcgs) and C57BL/6-Bcgr mice which was previously developed as M. avium-resistant mouse strain (Xu, et al. Veterinary Microbiology 50:73-79 (1996)). Total RNA was isolated from various organs of DBA/2, C57BL/6 and C57BL/6-Bcgr. Nramp-1 cDNA was constructed from their mRNAs by gene amplification (PCR) technique and their open reading frame sequences were compared. The results clearly showed that our C57BL/6-Bcgr was almost identical with the DNA sequence of the DBA/2 mice. In contrast, C57BL/6-Bcgs mice differed only on the substitution of adenine for guanine of the nucleic acid at position 596. This corresponded to the site of amino acid substitution (glycine to asparate) at position 169 in predicted NRAMP which had been reported. The expression of Nramp-1 mRNA was more prominent in spleens and livers and there appeared to be no significant difference among the strains of mice.
  • Yoshinori SHIMAMOTO, Takafumi TASAKI, Hiroshi KITAMURA, Kyogo HIROSE, ...
    原稿種別: FULL PAPER
    専門分野: Biochemistry
    1999 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 609-613
    発行日: 1999/06/25
    公開日: 2000/04/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    We previously reported (Arch. Toxcol. 1998, 72, 492-498) that the differential decrease in the levels of hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP) isozymes in rats was observed 24 hr after intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at the dose ineffective (0.1 μg) when injected intraperitoneally (ip). Among CYP isozymes we examined, the male specific CYP isozyme, CYP2C11 was most severely affected by icv injection of LPS. In this study, we examined the gene expression of CYP2C11, the total P450 contents, the CYP2C11-dependent activity of imipramine N-demethylase (IMND) and protein of CYP2C11 10 hr after icv or ip injections of LPS. Intracerebroventricular injection of LPS significantly decreased the level of CYP2C11 mRNA (to 63% of saline icv control), the total P450 contents (to 70% of saline icv control), the IMND activity (to 74% of saline icv control), but not protein of CYP2C11 in rat liver. In contrast, ip injection of LPS at the same dose as icv did not significantly affect these parameters. Since CYP is a heme protein, we also measured the activity of heme oxygenase (HO) using the same rat liver microsomes. The HO activity was increased to 166% by icv injection of LPS and 135% by ip injection of LPS compared to corresponding saline control. It is suggested that icv injection of LPS down-regulates the expression of CYP2C11 at transcriptional level and that both the decrease in CYP2C11 mRNA and the increase in heme degradation may be involved in the decreased level of protein and activity of CYP2C11 by icv injection of LPS in rat liver.
  • Takatsugu YAMADA, Megumi FUJITA, Satoshi KITAO, Yoshinori ASHIDA, Kazu ...
    原稿種別: FULL PAPER
    専門分野: Clinical Pathology
    1999 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 657-659
    発行日: 1999/06/25
    公開日: 2000/04/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) values were measured in hepatic diseased dogs with or without tumor and non-hepatic tumor bearing dogs by a sandwich ELISA using anti-dog AFP antiserum. Serum AFP values were less than 70 ng/ml in clinically healthy dogs. The values in dogs with hepatocellular carcinoma were higher than 1, 400 ng/ml in 7 of 9 dogs, wherever those in two dogs with cholangiocarcinoma were in the normal range. Serum AFP values in hepatic diseased dogs without tumor were also high, however, the values were below 500 ng/ml in 90% of the dogs. In non-hepatic tumor dogs, serum AFP values were less than 500 ng/ml in 76% of the dogs. In the surgically removal cases with hepatocellular carcinoma, serum AFP values rapidly decreased. These results suggested that the sandwich ELISA using anti-dog AFP antiserum was an available method for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma in dogs.
  • Takayuki Kashima, Hiroyuki Iwata, Takeshi Inoue
    原稿種別: NOTE
    専門分野: Clinical Pathology
    1999 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 705-707
    発行日: 1999/06/25
    公開日: 2000/04/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    Bovine interleukin-2 (bIL-2) was expressed in insect cells infected with recombinant baculovirus. The cDNA for bIL-2 was amplified by reverse transcriptional polymerase chain reaction and recombinant baculovirus was constructed by homologous recombination. The recombinant baculovirus was plaque-purified, amplified, and then infected to Sf9 cells for expression of recombinant bIL-2 (rbIL-2). In result, the protein band corresponding to rbIL-2 could be detected on SDS-PAGE with coomassie brilliant blue staining and on immunoblot analysis reacted with mouse antiserum against bIL-2. In addition, cell proliferation assay for bIL-2 activity demonstrated that the culture supernatant of Sf9 cells infected with recombinant baculovirus enhanced the proliferation of bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells in a dose-dependent manner.
  • Keiko ODAGIRI, Masaaki HAMANO, Yasuhiro YOSHIKAWA
    原稿種別: FULL PAPER
    専門分野: Ethology
    1999 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 595-601
    発行日: 1999/06/25
    公開日: 2000/04/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    The present study aimed to clarify an individual character of squirrel monkey by analysing a complicated behaviour, the egg-eating behaviour series (ES), of laboratory-reared squirrel monkeys. Eight types of unit movements were observed in the ES: the initial taking of the egg by hand; rolling it between the fingers; sniffing it in its shell; biting it in its shell; pressing or rubbing it against a surface of the cage; opening or peeling it; eating it; or putting it down without eating. In the first experiment, the behaviour of 72 monkeys was recorded by direct observation or by a video camera, following which the sequences of the movement from a total of 378 ES were analysed. Three statistically significant ES were detected (Ta-Bi-Op/Pe-Ea, Ta-Ro-Bi-Op/Pe-Ea and Ta-Pr/Ru-Bi-Op/Pe-Ea). In the second experiment, eight squirrel monkeys were selected at random from the same group and 31 to 36 ES for each monkey were observed and analysed. These monkeys were classified into a pressing/rubbing (Pr/Ru) group and a no-Pr/Ru group. Pr/Ru appeared to have no relationship to the monkey's age or sex. Furthermore, the Pr/Ru group monkeys contained individuals always exhibiting Pr/Ru in their ES and others sometimes lacking Pr/Pu in their ES. In short, the monkeys could be divided into two groups (ie., Pr/Ru and no-Pr/Ru) and they displayed their own individual characteristic ES. We concluded that the ES observed in this experiment suggest that the squirrel monkeys acquired individual characteristics in their ES in the laboratory environment.
  • Ashraf M. KHALIL, Noboru MURAKAMI
    原稿種別: FULL PAPER
    専門分野: Ethology
    1999 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 667-671
    発行日: 1999/06/25
    公開日: 2000/04/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    For the past 12 years, a study was conducted in the Misaki area (southern Kyushu Island, Japan) to investigate young males form new harems, how they acquire the mares and the factors affecting the process of new harem formation. Young males formed new harems between the ages of 3.8 and 7.6 yr, and 93% of these new harem groups were formed at the beginning of the breeding season. The most common way (87%) for young males to form a new harem was by acquiring wandering mares which had separated from their groups, whereas 13% stole unstable mares from established bands. The fact that all young males obtained harems the new at an early age, with an average age of 5.2 yr (n=15) could be explained high female biased sex ratio (3:1), and great number of wandering mares per stallion (2.5:1). At the time new harem groups were formed, aggression, fighting or such behavior as active herding or driving mares was not observed among stallions because the “unstable” mares were most likely to be abducted by stallions.
  • Takefumi KIKUSUI, Toshiyuki TONOHIRO, Tsugio KANEKO
    原稿種別: FULL PAPER
    専門分野: Ethology
    1999 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 673-681
    発行日: 1999/06/25
    公開日: 2000/04/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    In order to evaluate learning and memory deficits separately from and simultaneously with motivational, motor and sensory impairments in identical animals, we developed the allocentric place discrimination task test using a water maze in rats. For this assessment task, two similar, visible platforms, one was fixed and the other was floating, were simultaneously present in a pool, and the working memory of the allocentric place discrimination task was evaluated. After training, the task accuracy was high about 85% correct and animals were used repeatedly. The accuracy decreased significantly when the pool was surrounded with a black curtain. Muscarinic receptor antagonist scopolamine 0.5 mg/kg selectively impaired the accuracy. Muscle relaxant dantrolene 10 mg/kg selectively decreased swimming speed. Under low motivational condition (warm water), still time increased and swimming speed decreased, but the accuracy was not affected. Similar to warm water, opioid receptor agonist morphine 15 mg/kg increased still time and decreased swimming speed. These results suggest that the allocentric place discrimination task is useful in evaluating spatial working memory ability independently of and concurrently with also visual, motor ability and motivation in identical animals.
  • Komei FUKUSHIMA, Yoshiyuki MURATA, Toshio SETO, Shuichi FURUSAWA, Haru ...
    原稿種別: FULL PAPER
    専門分野: Immunology
    1999 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 615-619
    発行日: 1999/06/25
    公開日: 2000/04/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    To develop an in vitro system for mouse immunoglobulin (Ig) class switching, the expression vector of murine CD40 ligand (CD40L) which is expressed on T cells was transfected to BHK cells. By using culture plates coated with the BHK cells expressing the recombinant CD40L, Ig class switching of splenic B cells was examined. The CD40L mRNA was cloned from splenic T cells of BALB/mice activated with anti-CD3 antibody in vitro. As the No.593 base in the open reading frame sequence of the CD40L from BALB/c spleen differed from T to G, when compared with the known sequence from C57BL/6, one of the BALB/c-derived clones was reconstructed to the known CD40L by site-directed mutagenesis. Splenic B cells from BALB/c were induced secretion of Ig isotypes, IgM, IgG1 and IgE when cultured on two types of BHK cells, the transfected BHK cells with a CD40L clone from BALB/c and the transfected BHK cells with the reconstructed CD40L clone, in the presence of IL-4. However, when splenic B cells from C57BL/6 were cultured on the same systems, the B cells produced Ig isotypes, IgM, IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, IgG3 and IgE. In the similar experiments using the transfected BHK cells with a empty vector and the normal BHK cells, none of B cells produced any Ig isotypes other than IgM. These results indicate that Ig class switching of murine B cells can be induced by using these two types of CD40L-expressing BHK cells in vitro.
  • Yuuki INOUE, Takuya ITOU, Takeo SAKAI, Tatsuya OIKE
    原稿種別: NOTE
    専門分野: Immunology
    1999 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 693-696
    発行日: 1999/06/25
    公開日: 2000/04/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a bottle-nosed dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) interleukin-4 (IL4) cDNA was cloned and sequenced. IL4 specific primers were based on the 5' and 3' untranslated regions of the human and murine IL4 gene. The dolphin IL4 cDNA is 528 base pairs in length and contains an open reading frame of 402 nucleotides coding an IL4 precursor of 133 amino acids, with the putative signal peptide of 24 amino acids. Analysis of the mature amino acid sequence shows three potential N-linked glycosylation sites and three disulfide bonds. Comparison of the predicted amino acid sequence shows that dolphin IL4 shares 77, 74, 58 and 41% identity with the bovine, ovine, human and mouse IL4s, respectively.
  • Yorihiro NISHIMURA, Takayuki MIYAZAWA, Yasuhiro IKEDA, Yoshihiro IZUMI ...
    原稿種別: NOTE
    専門分野: Immunology
    1999 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 701-703
    発行日: 1999/06/25
    公開日: 2000/04/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    Recently we cloned 140 kDa form of feline CD56 cDNA. In this study, we expressed the feline CD56 molecule by the baculovirus expression system. We found that the molecule was expressed on the cell surface when examined by the indirect immunofluorescence assay using an anti-human CD56 monoclonal antibody. Immunoblotting analysis revealed that the molecular weight of the major expressed product was 140 kDa. Interestingly we found that the insect cells expressing the feline CD56 molecule aggregated, indicating that the expressed molecule mediates homophilic adhesion.
  • Shuntaro Oka, Kihei Kubo, Satoshi Matsuyama, Yasuhiko Takamori
    原稿種別: NOTE
    専門分野: Immunology
    1999 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 709-712
    発行日: 1999/06/25
    公開日: 2000/04/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    To determined the cellular kinetics of thymocyte subpopulations in DBA1 mice after whole-body 6.8 Gy X-irradiation, they were analyzed for the expression of several cell surface antigens using flow cytometry. The results show that i) The majority of thymocytes rapidly depleted by irradiation was CD4+8+ cells. ii) radioresistant CD4+8- and CD4-8+ survived 18-48 hr after X-irradiation were considered to be relatively mature type, since they expressed high levels of CD3 and LECAM-1. iii) CD3-positive cells were detected in CD4-8- cells at 72 hr after irradiation.
  • Tadaharu AJITO, Kazuyuki SUZUKI, Shigehiro IWABUCHI
    原稿種別: FULL PAPER
    専門分野: Internal Medicine
    1999 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 637-641
    発行日: 1999/06/25
    公開日: 2000/04/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    The effect of an intravenous (IV) infusion of hypertonic saline solution (HSS; 7.2%, 2, 400 mOsmol/kg·H2O) was evaluated by serum electrolyte concentrations and osmotic pressure in the anesthetized beagles. Sixteen beagles were assigned to 3 experimental groups (2.5, 5 or 15 ml/kg of HSS IV infusion) or a control group (5 ml/kg of isotonic saline solution (ISS) IV infusion) and were monitored for 120 min after the initiation of fluid infusion. The relative plasma volume (rPV) in the 5 ml/kg and 15 ml/kg HSS groups progressively expanded to 143.1 ± 7.4% at 3 min and 156.4 ± 5.9% at 5 min after the initiation of the fluid infusion, respectively. Significant increases were not produced by ISS and 2.5 ml/kg HSS infusion. The serum sodium and chloride concentrations in the ISS group were not altered. The 5 ml/kg HSS infusion induced transient high osmotic and sodium levels, and the serum sodium concentration remained under the 160 mM/l after the completion of the HSS infusion. However, the 15 ml/kg HSS infusion induced a constant high osmotic level (340.5-352.8 mOsmol/kg·H2O) and hypernatremia (161.4-174.5 mM/l) from 10 to 90 min after the initiation of the fluid infusion. The 15 ml/kg HSS infusion induced significant decreases in the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), reaching 63.7 ± 8.0 mmHg at 120 min after the initiation of the fluid infusion compared with an immediately before fluid infusion value. On the basis of these findings, 5 ml/kg HSS infusion can be safely administered to healthy beagles for expanding the plasma volume without inducing hypernatremia. A 5 ml/kg HSS infusion is thus recommended for the initial field resuscitation of dogs.
  • Mika MISHINA, Toshifumi WATANABE, Seiji MATSUOKA, Kumiko SHIBATA, Koui ...
    原稿種別: FULL PAPER
    専門分野: Internal Medicine
    1999 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 643-647
    発行日: 1999/06/25
    公開日: 2000/04/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    Using the telemetry system, we measured the blood pressure (BP) invasively in seven adult mongrels while unanesthetized and unbound. Post-operative BP after implanting the telemetry BP transmitter showed temporarily high values due to the invasive nature of the surgery. It was, however, observed that BP gradually decreased thereafter, and showed settled trends from the eighth day post-operatively. When we took the average of the systolic, mean and diastolic BP at hourly intervals for each of the dogs once their BP had settled, a twin peak diurnal variation (at 8:00 and 19:00) was observed. Moreover, significantly high values (p<0.05) were identified in active state compared with when sleeping or at rest. The 24 hr BP measured by the telemetry system in seven normal dogs resulted in the following values: systolic 123.4 ± 7.9 mmHg, mean 91.1 ± 5.6 mmHg, and diastolic 74.5 ± 4.9 mmHg.
  • Shinichi HATAMA, Hyung-Kwan JANG, Yoshihiro IZUMIYA, Jin-Shun CAI, Yos ...
    原稿種別: FULL PAPER
    専門分野: Molecular Biology
    1999 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 587-593
    発行日: 1999/06/25
    公開日: 2000/04/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    We determined 3, 135 bp of the nucleotide sequence located in an 8.5 kb EcoRI-E fragment in the unique long (UL) genome region of Marek's disease virus serotype 2 (MDV2), and identified UL20 and UL21 homologous genes of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). The UL20 and UL21 homologous genes of MDV2 are arranged colinearly with the prototype sequence of HSV-1. In addition, an open reading frame (MDV2 ORF 273), which has been identified within the UL21 homologous gene of MDV2, has no apparent relation to any other known herpesvirus genes. Northern blot analysis and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction confirmed the existance of RNA transcripts related to the UL20 and ORF 273 genes in MDV2-infected cells, except no transcript related to the UL21 gene being detected. The putative protein product of the MDV2 UL20 gene had a relatively low homology but that of the MDV2 UL21 gene had a moderate homology among herpesviruses. Further, the possible functions and features of the predicted proteins encoded within the sequenced region are discussed.
  • Seiichi HIGUCHI, Maki IZUMITANI, Humio HOSHI, Seiichi KAWAMURA, Yoshio ...
    原稿種別: NOTE
    専門分野: Parasitology
    1999 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 689-691
    発行日: 1999/06/25
    公開日: 2000/04/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    Studies were made on the development of Babesia gibsoni in the midgut of the larval tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Six hr after repletion, merozoites of B. gibsoni, freed from erythrocytes, were observed in the midgut contents of the tick. After that, within 24 hr, those merozoites were transformed into the ring-forms which were relatively large, 2-3 μm in diameter. Later, the ring forms developed into the spherical forms which were subelliptical in shape and 4-6 μm in diameter. Within 2-4 days, the elongated forms, 5-8 μm in length, were found. At this time, some of the binucleated fusion form has assumed a form intermediate between the spherical and elongated-forms. About 5-6 days after repletion, large round or elliptic zygotes, 8-10 μm in diameter, were observed in the tick gut.
  • Seiichi HIGUCHI, Hidehiro KURODA, Humio HOSHI, Seiichi KAWAMURA, Yoshi ...
    原稿種別: NOTE
    専門分野: Parasitology
    1999 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 697-699
    発行日: 1999/06/25
    公開日: 2000/04/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    Studies were made on the development of Babesia gibsoni in the midgut of the nymphal stage of the tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Six hr after repletion, merozoites of B. gibsoni, free of erythrocytes, were observed in the midgut contents of the ticks. After that, within 24 hr, those merozoites were transformed into ring-forms which were relatively large ring 1-2 μm in diameter. Later, the ring forms developed into spherical forms which were somewhat elliptical in shape and 3-4 μm in diameter. Within 2-4 days, bizarre forms (5-6 μm in diamater) developed into elongated forms (5-6 μm in length). About 5-6 days after repletion, large round or elliptic zygotes (7-9 μm in diameter) were observed in the ticks gut.
  • Hisayuki Takashima, Hiroki Sakai, Tokuma Yanai, Toshiaki Masegi
    原稿種別: NOTE
    専門分野: Pathology
    1999 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 713-716
    発行日: 1999/06/25
    公開日: 2000/04/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    Whole cells of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (A. pleuropneumoniae) serotype 1, 2, 5 or 7 attached to fibrins were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and embedded in paraffin. The sections on a slide glass were stained by the avidin-biotin complex immunoperoxidase (ABC) method. Test sera were applied to sections as primary antibodies. The serum antibodies against A.pleuropneumoniae (serotypes 1, 2, 5 and 7) were measured by the ABC method and complement fixation (CF) test. There was good correlation between the ABC and CF tests. The present results indicate that the immunohistochemical staining is as useful as the CF test for the detection and quantification of antibody in swine sera.
  • Norichika H. Kumazawa, Kumiko Hori, Ken Fujimori, Yoshito Iwade, Akira ...
    原稿種別: NOTE
    専門分野: Public Health
    1999 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 721-724
    発行日: 1999/06/25
    公開日: 2000/04/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    Thermostable direct hemolysin-producing strain of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was not detected from the alimentary tract of 7 neritid gastropods including Clithon retropictus at 9 estuaries of Southwest Islands in Japan in the present study. The strain has been detected from C. retropictus at 2 estuaries facing The Sea of Japan but not at 2 estuaries facing The Seto Inland Sea and The Pacific Ocean in Western Japan in our previous studies. In comparison with geographical features of the estuaries where the strain was detected and not, thick accumulation of muddy sediments at the riverbed and stagnation of brackish water at low tide seem to be essential for the strain to survive in neritid gastropods including C. retropictus.
  • Kazutoshi NOZAKI, Tsuyoshi KADOSAWA, Ryohei NISHIMURA, Manabu MOCHIZUK ...
    原稿種別: FULL PAPER
    専門分野: Surgery
    1999 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 649-656
    発行日: 1999/06/25
    公開日: 2000/04/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    Effects of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1, 25(OH)2D3), recombinant human transforming growth factor (rhTGF)-β1 and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP)-2 on differentiation in four different canine osteosarcoma cell lines (POS53B, 53C, 53D and 14A) were examined using markers specifically expressed by phenotypic osteoblasts. 1, 25(OH)2D3 increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in one cell line, osteocalcin production in two lines and type I collagen production in three lines. RhTGF-β1 increased ALP activity in one clonal cell, osteocalcin production in one clonal cell and type I collagen production in two clonal cells. RhBMP-2 increased ALP activity in all clonal cells, osteocalcin production in two clonal cells and type I collagen production in three clonal cells. Thus, these agents induced differentiation in osteosarcoma cells at different efficacies. Electron microscopic study revealed that these agents increased cellular activity in all cell lines with no evidence of degeneration of cell organelle by drug cytotoxicity. In some cultures treated with either 1, 25(OH)2D3 or rhBMP-2, apoptotic cells were observed. Based on the change in markers, rhBMP-2 and 1, 25(OH)2D3 seemed to be more effective than rhTGF-β1. These agents are potential inducers of apoptosis.
  • Tadatoshi OHTAKI, Masaharu MORIYOSHI, Ken NAKADA, Toshihiko NAKAO
    原稿種別: FULL PAPER
    専門分野: Theriogenology
    1999 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 661-665
    発行日: 1999/06/25
    公開日: 2000/04/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    The aim of this study was to establish radioimmunoassay (RIA) for fecal estrone sulfate (E1S) and to elucidate changes in fecal E1S during pregnancy in the sow. Fecal E1S was extracted on a commercially available solid phase column, and the E1S fraction obtained was subjected to RIA. The sensitivity of the RIA was 8.5 pg/tube. The intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation were 8.8-8.9% and 10.7-14.2%, respectively. Mean recovery for E1S added to fecal samples was as high as 95.0%. A significant positive correlation (r=0.904, n=147 p<0.0001) existed between fecal and plasma E1S concentrations. Mean E1S concentration in feces and plasma fluctuated exhibiting two peaks. The first peak of E1S concentration was evident on days 28-32 in feces and on days 26-30 in plasma. The E1S concentration in both feces and plasma remained at baseline levels during mid-pregnancy, but began to rise gradually around days 72-82 and 70-80, in feces and plasma respectively, and reached a peak concentration on days 110-114. Following parturition, the concentration of E1S in plasma declined rapidly, but there was a two-day delay before a decline in fecal E1S. Apart from this two-day delay, changes in fecal E1S were similar to those in plasma E1S. The study indicates that the measurement of E1S in feces could be a useful tool for early pregnancy diagnosis and for monitoring fetal development in sows and gilts.
  • Michiru HASHIMOTO, Frank ROERINK, Yukinobu TOHYA, Masami MOCHIZUKI
    原稿種別: FULL PAPER
    専門分野: Virology
    1999 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 603-608
    発行日: 1999/06/25
    公開日: 2000/04/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    Caliciviruses that infect animals including humans cause a specific disease syndrome in their respective hosts. Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a major pathogen of respiratory disease of cats, and human caliciviru is a causative agent of diarrhea. It has been suggested, furthermore, that FCV and newly recognized canine calicivirus (CaCV) may also be possible causes of diarrhea in these animal species. In this study nucleotide sequence of the RNA polymerase gene of two caliciviruses of canine origin, namely CaCV strain No. 48 and FCV-like strain Sapporo/283, and a number of FCV strains of respiratory and enteric origins was examined. The length of sequenced region, from the 5'LKDEL motif through the 3'YGDD motif of the gene, was 555 bp for CaCV No. 48 strain and 552 bp for the other FCV strains including Sapporo/283 strain. In phylogenetic analysis, CaCV No. 48 strain grouped as a distinct branch sharing ancestral roots with San Miguel sea lion virus, and FCVs formed one compact group in which Sapporo/283 strain was included.
  • Yoshihiro IZUMIYA, Hyung-Kwan JANG, Jin-Shun CAI, Yorihiro NISHIMURA, ...
    原稿種別: NOTE
    専門分野: Virology
    1999 年 61 巻 6 号 p. 683-687
    発行日: 1999/06/25
    公開日: 2000/04/12
    ジャーナル フリー
    The gene of Marek's disease virus serotype 2 (MDV2) homologous to the UL52 gene of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) was identified and characterized. The MDV2 UL52 homologous gene encodes 1, 071 amino acids with a molecular weight of 118.7 kDa, which includes putative metal-binding site and overlapping region with the UL53 homologous gene. Although a putative polyadenylation signal sequence was found in the downstream of the MDV2 UL52 gene, a MDV2 UL52 DNA probe reacted only with the polycistronic 6.3 kb transcript, representing the UL52 and the downstream genes of UL53 and UL54. Transcriptional pattern of this region of MDV2 was somewhat different from corresponding regions of HSV-1 and infectious laryngotracheitis virus.
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