日本ゴム協会誌
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97 巻, 2 号
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総説小特集　エラストマーの基礎と最新解析技術（Ⅱ）
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  • 走査透過型電子顕微鏡（STEM）による高分子材料の多次元構造解析
    堀内 伸
    2024 年 97 巻 2 号 p. 22-26
    発行日: 2024年
    公開日: 2024/02/27
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2324/gomu.97.22
    ジャーナル 認証あり
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    Multidimensional structural analyses of polymer materials through scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) are utilized to investigate diverse structural factors, encompassing three-dimensional spatial structure, elemental composition, chemical structure, and even time-dependent structural changes. STEM-EDX-tomography facilitates 3D elemental mapping of silica-filled rubber blends. STEM-EELS/ELNES phase mapping enables chemical mapping of the phase separation in polymer alloys. In-situ STEM provides the capability for real-time observation of the failure process of the adhesive interface, employing a tensile strain specimen holder.

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  • 走査電子顕微鏡を用いたゴム解析の基礎と応用
    作田 裕介, 中山 智香子, 小野寺 浩, 田崎 政文, 仲山 和海
    2024 年 97 巻 2 号 p. 27-33
    発行日: 2024年
    公開日: 2024/02/27
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2324/gomu.97.27
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    A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is an analysis and measurement instrument that irradiates a narrowly focused electron beam onto a sample. It detects electrons, cathodoluminescence and characteristic X-rays emitted by the interaction of the incident electron beam in the material. SEM is widely used by many researchers because of the various analytical targets, such as metals, semiconductors, and biological samples.
    On the other hand, we must carefully consider electron beam damage and charging artifact for soft materials because the irradiation source of SEM is electrons.
    One of the most difficult soft materials is rubber. Rubber is a kind of polymeric material, and each product required different properties such as elasticity, hardness, flame resistance, heat resistance, ozone resistance, and low-temperature properties.
    This paper introduces practical measurement methods for rubber materials using SEM and the latest examples of applied analysis.

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  • FT-IRおよびラマン分光を利用したゴム・エラストマー分析の活用事例
    千葉 貴子
    2024 年 97 巻 2 号 p. 34-38
    発行日: 2024年
    公開日: 2024/02/27
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2324/gomu.97.34
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    Infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy are important tools for material analysis to obtain information of molecular chemical structures. Both spectrometers are easy to operate and provide results quickly. In addition, simultaneous measurement that combines different methods can be obtained multifaceted information. In this article, three examples are introduced, and they could be applied to analysis for other kind of rubbers and elastomers. First example is infrared spectroscopy with Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) to identify rubber components. Second one is Raman spectroscopy to examine degradation of elastomers by focusing on peaks derived from the molecular skeletal structure. Last one is simultaneous measurement of rheology and Raman spectroscopy to evaluate the quality of polymers.

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