The author testified by means of his new histochemical test method -of zinc, that cells of the islets of Langerhans contain zinc in man as well as in animals (1942).
This discovery of zinc led the author to the consideration that the existence of zinc in the islets may be in an intimately relation with the appearance of the disease of cells of the islets, diabetes.
The author and his collaborator, Kadota, performed researches with five ordinary zinc reagents on rabbits and succeeded to produce experimental diabetes with oxine and dithizone. It is noteworthy that alloxan, of which the strong diabetogenic action was already six years ago confirmed in America, too is known to belong to th zinc reagents.
Oxine and dithizone also show the diabetogenic action on dog, cat, rat, mouse and guinea pig, but in the case of these animals the degree is slighter than in that of rabbits.
The change of the blood sugar and the pathological findings concerning the islets of rabbits, to which oxine or dithizone is administered, are identical with that caused by alloxan. As to the frequency of occurence and degree of diabetes in rabbits, there is no remarkable difference between alloxan and dithizone, but oxine remains somewhat behind these two.
Further on we observed the preventive effect on the production of alloxan or oxine diabetes with the following two reagents, anthranilic acid (vitamine L1) and quinaldinic acid, which are well known as zinc reagents and are recognized by us as being quite or almost nontoxic for tissue cells. This fact can be explained by the combination of these two acids with zinc contained in the cells of the islets, and consequently by the blockade of the cells.
According to those, results, the following conclusion. can be deduced: The reagents of zinc which have toxicity for the cells possess the power to produce diabetes, and the reagents of zinc which possess no or minimal toxicity for the cells show a preventive action against the disease.
As the results of our experiments, it was confirmed that vitamine B
1, B
6, sodium thiosulphate and atophan too have a protective effect on the production of diabetes, whereas hormone of the pituitary gland, thyroid gland and the cortex of suprarenal gland have a acceleiating action.
In studies on eyes of rabbits or rats, which suffer from serious diabetes caused by the above-mentioned reagents, it was observed, that 2-3 months after the onset of the diseasis, cataract appeared. Again, by experimental studies several well known facts related with human diabetes were confirmed on animals such as the relation between the disease and tuberculosis, wound healing in diabetes, progress of septic as well as aseptic inflammation in diabetes.
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