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Volume 64, Issue 8
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Masanobu HONDA, Yoichi IZUMI, Michinobu HATANO1988 Volume 64 Issue 8 Pages 623-635
Published: August 20, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe influence of a Mg-deficient diet on blood pressure and various hormonal systems was examined in Wistar rats (WR) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The WR and SHR were individually divided into 2 groups. The Mg-deficient diet was given to one group, and a Mg-containing diet was given to the other group for 3 weeks. During this experimental period, the body weight, blood pressure, urine volume, blood and urinary electrolytes, plasma steroid hormones, plasma renin activity (PRA), and urinary hormones [kinin, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α (6-keto-PGF1α), and noradrenaline] were examined.
Although no significant difference in body weight was observed between the Mg-deficient and Mg-containing diet groups in either the WR or SHR (because the experiments were performed in a pair-fed fashion in both kinds of rat), the blood pressure was increased in the Mg-containing diet group but was unchanged in the Mg-deficient diet group. As regards changes in electrolytes, a decreased urinary excretion of Mg and significantly increased urinary excretion of P were observed in the Mg-deficient diet group in both the WR and SHR. Furthermore, decreased levels of serum Mg and P and increased levels of serum Ca were also noted. In the WR group, the urinary excretion of noradrenaline was significantly increased in the Mg-deficient diet group as compared to the Mg-containing diet group. However, the change was reversed in the SHR group. The plasma steroid hormones and PRA were both significantly low in the Mg-deficient diet group in both the WR and SHR. The urinary excretions of PGE2, 6-keto-PGF1α, and kinin showed no significant differences between the two diet groups.
The above results indicate that blood pressure is not affected by the Mg-deficient diet in either the WR or SHR, and the possible participation of the sympathetic nervous system in the mechanism of control of blood pressure may differ somewhat between the WR and SHR. In addition, Mg ion was found to play an important role in the biosynthesis of renin and steroid hormones but to have no such significant role in the urinary excretions of kinin, PGE2, and 6-keto-PGF1α.View full abstractDownload PDF (1201K) -
Possible Restriction of Parathyroid Hormone by the Blood-Brain BarrierTakashi HIRONAKA, Shigeto MORIMOTO, Keisuke FUKUO, Eio KOH, Shunji IMA ...1988 Volume 64 Issue 8 Pages 636-644
Published: August 20, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThere are reports that patients with renal failure have elevated circulating concentrations of parathyroid hormone (PTH), which is suspected to be a causal factor of the cerebral symptoms of these patients. A positive correlation between the circulating level of immunoreactive PTH and the extent of abnormality in the electroencephalogram (EEG) in humans has been reported. Moreover, in uremic dogs normalization of the EEG was observed after parathyroidectomy, and increased abnormality of the EEG was observed on infusion of PTH. If PTH is really a causal factor of uremic encephalopathy and abnormality of the EEG in patients with renal failure, the question arises as to whether PTH acts on the brain after penetrating through the blood-brain barrier or in some other way.BR>In this work, we measured PTH by both C-terminal-specific RIA (C-PTH) and N-terminal-specific RIA (N-PTH) in the circulation and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of normal subjects and patients with renal failure.
Blood and CSF samples were obtained from 7 normal volunteers (31-81 years old : 4 males and 3 females) and 22 patients with chronic renal failure (25-87 years old : 12 males and 10 females). No patients had a psychotic disease or endocrinopathy other than secondary hyperparathyroidism. Samples of venous blood were collected from the subjects after an overnight fast at the time of lumbar puncture for CSF sampling. C-Terminal-specific RIA for measurement of the plasma and CSF concentrations of C-PTH was carried out using a commercially available RIA kit (Eiken Laboratory Inc., Tokyo, Japan). N-Terminal-specific RIA for N-PTH in the serum and CSF was carried out using a RIA kit from Nichols Institute Diagnostics (San Juan Capistrano, CA). The EEG was performed on all subjects on the day before the collection of blood and CSF. The EEG was checked on the areas according to the ten-twenty electrode system at rest and at the times of stimulation by hyperventilation and with light. The recorded EEG was classified by conventional visual interpretation into four grades : 1) normal 3) slightly abnormal 4) moderately abnormal, and 5) severely abnormal. EEGs in which abnormality was not distinct were classified as 2) borderline.
The circulating levels of both C-terminal and N-terminal parathyroid hormone in the subjects studied showed a positive correlation (C-terminal; r=0.58, p<0.01, N-terminal; r=0.61, p<0.01) with the grade of abnormality of the electroencephalogram. However, the levels of C-terminal and N-terminal parathyroid hormone in the cerebrospinal fluid of both normal subjects and patients with renal failure were below the detectable limit (C-terminal : <0.1 ng/ml, N-terminal : <2.3pg/ml). These data suggest that in patients with renal failure, the effect of parathyroid hormone on the central nervous system is mediated in some other way than via the cerebrospinal fluid.View full abstractDownload PDF (819K) -
Takao MIYAKE, Yoshiaki SATO, Shoshichi TAKEUCHI, Osamu TAGUCHI1988 Volume 64 Issue 8 Pages 645-654
Published: August 20, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNeonatal thymectomy in mice at 3 days of age (Tx-3) can induce autoimmune oophoritis and results in complete loss of oocyte at young adult age. We examined endocrinological and immunological abnormalities in Tx-3 (C3H/He X A/J) F1 female mice to find some similalities to premature ovarian failure (POF) in humans. The majority of the Tx-3 mice showed irregular estrous cycles during 7 to 9 weeks of age then fell into continuous diestrous. Endocrinological analysis of Tx and sham-Tx mice revealed that serum gonadotropin levels (LH and FSH) of Tx-3 mice rapidly increased from 8 weeks of age and serum estradiol levels significantly decreased from 10 weeks of age (P<0.05). In contrast with estradiol, serum androstenedione levels significantly increased from 10 weeeks of age (P<0.01). In the mice with oophoritis, circulating autoantibodies against ooplasm and/or zona pellucida determined by immunoperoxidase method could be detected from 6 weeks of age, became high titer from one or two weeks later, but resulted in low titer or negative test from about 4 months of age. Acute loss of oocyte with massive mononuclear cell infiltration coincident with the appearance of these autoantibodies were progressed, and then atrophic ovaries with complete destruction of follicles were seen at 3 months of age. This experimental model of autoimmune oophoritis abounds in suggestion for the understanding of one of the possible etiology of POF in women.View full abstractDownload PDF (1933K) -
Hitoshi MIKI, Kazushi OSHIMO, Hiroyuki INOUE, Takanao SUMI, Kyoji YAMA ...1988 Volume 64 Issue 8 Pages 655-665
Published: August 20, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe authors examined the binding nature of mibolerone in cytosols of hypertrophic prostates from 15 patients to androgen receptor using Dextran-charcoal assay, analyzed it by the method of Scatchard, and compared it with that of R1881. The addition of triamcinolone acetonide into the incubation medium induced specific single binding of mibolerone to androgen receptor with high affinity as well as R1881. The receptor contents obtained with mibolerone were higher than those of R1881, and both of them correlated well. The dissociation constants of both ligands showed good correlation and no significant differences. Mibolerone seems to be as suitable a ligand as R1881 for measuring the androgen receptor.View full abstractDownload PDF (886K) -
Hideo FUKUSHIMA, Shin-ichiro UENO, Michiharu SAKAKIDA, Takeshi TAKAHAS ...1988 Volume 64 Issue 8 Pages 666-676
Published: August 20, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAcute effects of somatostatin analog (SMS 201-995) on pancreatic hormones were studied in two patients with malignant islet-cell carcinoma. Before and after subcutaneous injection of somatostatin with a dosis of 50μg, blood glucose (BG), serum growth hormone (hGH), C-peptide immunoreactivity (CPR), plasma immunoreactive glucagon (IRG) and gastrin were assayed, and changes in elution patterns of IRG and gastrin were also analyzed on Bio-Gel P-30 column chromatography.
In Patient 1 with glucagonoma syndrome and hypergastrinemia, a prompt and remarkable decrease in plasma IRG and gastrin was observed after the injection of SMS 201-995 in association with a decrease in blood glucose, and then IRG and gastrin increased gradually.The suppressive effect continued for at least 6 hours. On gel filtration of the plasma obtained before the injection of the analog, three major peaks, >20000, 9000 and 3500 molecular-weight (mol wt) fractions, were seen in IRG fraction. The decrease in plasma IRG observed at 1 hour after the injection was mainly due to a marked decrease in the 3500 molecular weight fraction. In addition, a slight decrease in the 9000 mol wt fraction was seen. At 4 hours after the injection, the 3500 mol wt peak returned to the previous level, while the 9000 mol wt peak decreased further. On the other hand, the gastrin elution pattern of plasma obtained before the injection revealed three major gastrin peaks, >20000, 7000 and 5000 mol wt fraction. The changes in the gastrin elution pattern after the injection were similar to those of the IRG elution pattern.
In Patient 2 with Zollinger-Ellison's syndrome, the plasma gastrin level decreased gradually for 5 hours after the injection. On gel filtration of the plasma obtained before the injection, two major gastrin peaks, 7000 and 5000 mol wt fraction, of which the large-molecular fraction was more prominent than the small-molecular fraction, were observed.After the injection, a marked decrease in the small-molecular fraction and a gradual decrease in the large-molecular fraction were observed for 4 hours, accompanied by a decrease in plasma gastrin. At 7 hours after the injection, the smaller fraction was augmented again.
The serum CPR and hGH was slightly suppressed after the injection in both patients.
The adverse effects of slight nausea and vomiting were noticed only in Patient 1.
We conclude that SMS 201-995 might exert potent and prolonged inhibitory actions on pancreatic hormones by inhibiting the peptide processing or secretory mechanism in patients with the metastatic islet-cell tumor and might be of benefit in the treatment of these patients.View full abstractDownload PDF (966K) -
A Study on Preparation of Serum IgG Fraction Employing Protein A Column ChromatographyEmiko MIZUNO, Akira SUGENOYA, Masayuki HANIUDA, Rinko SAKAI, Mitsuaki ...1988 Volume 64 Issue 8 Pages 677-686
Published: August 20, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 48-year-old non-goitrous woman, who had undergone cardiac surgery for mitral stenosis under the extracorporeal circulation, showed high levels of serum T3 and free T3 in a recent follow-up study, employing antibody coated-bead RIA for T3 and -Amerlex M particle RIA for free T3. However, other thyroid function tests (T4, free T4, TSH and TBG) were normal. We suspected that thyroid hormone autoantibodies (THAA) in her serum interfered with T3 and free T3 analyses.
The presence of THAA was demonstrated by the use of various procedures as follows. Firstly, the patient's serum was directly incubated with 125I-T3 or -T4 analog which did not bind to TBG, followed by B/F separation with polyethyleneglycol, counting the precipitates.
Secondly, after the serum was treated with an acid-charcoal solution to remove circulating thyroid hormone, the measurement of THAA was made as stated above. Normal sera were used as controls. Both the non- and acid-charcoal-treated sera showed much higher percentages of 125I-T3 analog precipitation as compared with controls. In the case of 1251-T4 analog, there was no difference between them.
In the third study, the presence of IgG antibodies that bound T3 but not T4 was investigated. The IgG fraction of the patient's serum was separated employing a Protein A-Sepharose CL-4B column chromatography. Then, the prepared IgG fraction was purified by a technique of gel filtration chromatography (Sephacryl S 200). Non-purified- and purified-IgG fractions both revealed higher binding percentages of 125I-T3 analog than the control IgG fraction and non-IgG fraction of the patient. Furthermore, a good dose response was observed between the binding percentage of 125I-T3 analog and each dose of the patient's serum or IgG fraction.
From these observations, it was clarified that this woman had anti-T3 IgG autoantibodies using a Protein A column chromatography with confirmation of gel filtration chromatography.View full abstractDownload PDF (732K) -
Toshiaki ENDO, Hiroshi YAMAMOTO, Shoichi TANAKA1988 Volume 64 Issue 8 Pages 687-697
Published: August 20, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present study was designed to investigate whether or not prostaglandins (PGs) were produced by human luteal cells (HLC) and their effects on the luteal cells by monolayer culture. The following results were obtained.
Cultured HLC secreted progestrone (P), prostaglandin F (PGF) and prostaglandin E (PGE) into a medium at concentrations of 276.6±38.6, 1.95±0.36, 2.44±0.45ng/ml/1×105 cells/day (mean±SE), respectively. Cultured HLC was able to convert 14C-arachidonic acid to 14C-PGF2α, 14C-PGE2.
These two results indicated that HLC had the ability to produce PGF and PGE.
Cultures were carried out in the presence of indomethacin (Ind), PGF2α and PGE2 alone as well as in a combination.
P production by HLC was reduced in the presence of Ind. P production in the presence of Ind+PGE2 was more than that in the presence of Ind alone. There was no significant difference in P production between the presence of Ind and Ind+PGF2α.
It was concluded that HLC had the ability to produce PGs and that PGE2 significantly stimulated P production in as low concentrations as HLC could produce physiologically while PGF2α did not.View full abstractDownload PDF (1173K) -
Hideoki FUKUOKA, Toshiharu JIMBO1988 Volume 64 Issue 8 Pages 698-706
Published: August 20, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRU 38486 (RU 486) has been proved to fully antagonize the actions of glucocorticoid and progestin at the receptor level. The binding characteristics of RU 486 with the thymic glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and the uterine progestin receptor (PR) were investigated in order to elucidate the mechanism of these antagonistic actions. The ability of RU 486 was studied to promote the “activation” and the “nuclear translocation” of GR and PR. Under heat activation, RU 486 dissociated faster from the activated GR than the non activated, and the binding complex of RU 486 and GR showed lower affinity for DNA-cellulose than the glucocorticoid agonist-GR complex. Nearly undetectable amounts of RU 486 were recovered in the nucleus. Conversely, the RU 486-PR complex showed no difference of dissociation rate between the activated and the non activated condition. Its affinity for DNA-cellulose was the same as that of the activated progestin agonist-PR complex. A large amount of this compound was demonstrated in the nucleus.View full abstractDownload PDF (952K) -
Kazuko JIBIKI, Hiroshi DEMURA, Mitsuhide NARUSE, Reiko DEMURA, Yukio I ...1988 Volume 64 Issue 8 Pages 707-716
Published: August 20, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDiagnosis of pheochromocytoma has been made by the determination of urinary noradrenaline and adrenaline excretion for 24 hours. The assay procedure and the collection of urine for 24 hrs. are intricate. In the present study, we have ascertained the clinical significance of urinary normetanephrine (NM) and metanephrine (M), chemically stable metabolites of catecholamines, in single voided urine for a diagnosis of pheochromocytoma.
Urine and plasma samples were collected from 361 normal subjects, 59 patients with essential hypertension, 22 patients with chronic renal failure and 22 patients with pheochromocytoma. Urinary NM and M concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay with prior hydrolysis by acidification with 1N HC1. Plasma NM and M concentrations in normal subjects were 71.8± 30.7pg/ml and 41.5±8.61pg/ml, respectively. Plasma NM was increased in 8 and plasma M was increased in 20 of 21 patients with pheochromocytoma, although many of these overlapped with those patients with chronic renal failure (NM, 285.9±175.1pg/ml; M, 206.3±186.7pg/ml) and essential hypertension (NM, 107.7±90.7 pg/ml; M, 46.7±20.2pg/ml).
Urinary NM and M concentrations did not show specific diurnal variation and there was significant correlations between the values in single voided urine and those in the 24 hour urine. Urinary NM and M concentrations in normal controls were 197.5±46.7ng/mg Cr. and 125.3±37.1 ng/mg Cr., respectively. Urinary NM concentration was increased in 14 and urinary M concentration was increased in all of 17 patients with pheochromocytoma. In addition, urinary M concentration was higher in most of the 17 patients with pheochromocytoma than that in the patients with chronic renal failure and essential hypertension. However, the values in three patients with Sipple's syndrome with a small adrenal tumor or recurrent cases overlapped with those in other diseases. Relationships between urinary concentrations of NM and/or M and tumor size showed positive correlations. Urinary NM and M concentrations showed significant decreases after surgical removal of the tumors.
These results suggest that NM and/or M concentrations in single voided urine could be a sensitive and specific diagnostic tool for pheochromocytoma.View full abstractDownload PDF (1074K)
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