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Volume 37, Issue 10
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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Especially on the Change of Urinary 17-KS Fractions by Pituitary SuppressionYoshio HAMAZUMI1962 Volume 37 Issue 10 Pages 1018-1036,1013
Published: January 20, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was made to clarify the mechanism of steroid metabolism in human adrenal cortex by the estimation of total urinary 17-ketosteroids (17-KS), their fractions (by the microscale alumina-column elution chromatography), and urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS). The subject for this study were healthy adults, patients receiving large doses of steroid hormone for a long time, and patients with pituitary-adrenocortical disorders. The influence of ACTH infusions and dexamethasone on urinary corticoid-excretions patterns of healthy adults were also studied.
The results are as follows :
1) In 21 healthy adults, 17-KS fraction patterns had individual variations to some extent, but little sex differences.
2) In healthy adults, there were no significant correlations between 17-OHCS and total 17-KS, III (Dehydroepiandrosterone), IV+ V (11-Desoxy-17-KS), VI + VII (11-Oxy-17-KS) fractions, respectively. But in patients with pituitary-adrenocortical disorders, there was a close correlation between them, except in III fraction.
3) In ACTH infusion of 1, healthy male and 1 healthy female, the rate of increase of urinary corticoids was high : 17-OHCS, VI +VII, IV + V fraction in descending order.
4) After 3 days of successive administration of dexamethasone to 9 healthy adults, the rate of decrease of urinary corticoids was high : 17-OHCS, VI + VII, IV+ V fraction in descending order. The quantitative change of III fraction was indefinite.
5) In 9 patients receiving large doses of steroid hormone for a long time, the urinary 17-OHCS, 17-KS and its fractions all decreased remarkably. Especially, the decrease of 17-OHCS was high.
6) From these data, it was concluded that the hydrocortisone-biosynthetic system is the most sensitive among all the adrenocortical steroid-biosynthetic systems under the pituitary-ACTH control, and that the adrenal androgens (C19 steroids) change, as Dorfman said, as a “by-product” accompanying this control. The evaluation of III fraction must be made with careful consideration because it is unstable in acid hydrolysis and it is an intermediate and not the end metabolite in steroid metabolism.
7) The corticoid excretion of 18 cases of pituitary-adrenocortical disorders showed various abnormal patterns. But 17-KS fractions, by this methods, have little specificity concerning diseases or disease types, and therefore I feel that their meaning is limited.View full abstractDownload PDF (1854K) -
Iwao WATANABE1962 Volume 37 Issue 10 Pages 1037-1051,1014
Published: January 20, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present study was made to evaluate the hypothalamo-hypophyseal control of thyroid.
The results obtained were as follows :
In euthyroid rabbits, injected with 131I, the posterior pituitary had more affinity for 131I than that in median eminence and anterior pituitary.
In hyperthyroidism, produced by the administration of TSH and thyroid hormone, 131I uptake in these tissues was remarkably increased. On the contrary, in hypothyroidism, by the thyroidectomy and administration of MTU of cortisone, concentration of the 131I in these tissues was significantly reduced.
As to the hypothalamic neurosecretory function and TSH secretion, in hyperthyroidism, these functions were inhibited, while they were stimulated in hypothyroidism.
These results revealed that the sites where 131I was concentrated, corresponded to regions of the neurosecretory system, and also that the concentration of 131I by the posterior pituitary and median eminence was associated with neurosecretory phenomena. This may be related to the functional control of the TSH secretion by the anterior pituitary.View full abstractDownload PDF (5519K) -
II. Adrenocortical Reserve Capacity During Long-term Corticoid TherapyNaoji SHIBUKAWA1962 Volume 37 Issue 10 Pages 1052-1067,1014
Published: January 20, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn treatment with adrenal glucocorticoids, the side-effect requiring strictest attention is a suppression of adrenocortical function. With the aim of estimating the reserve capacity of the adrenal cortex during prolonged corticoid therapy, ACTH test were performed in 15 patients who had received continuons corticoid therapy (group A) and 6 patients who had received intermittent therapy, giving corticoid only 3-4 days in the week (group B). Besides, in 5 cases who apparently showed secondary adrenocortical hypofunction during continuous corticoid therapy, ACTH-Z 40 I.U. were daily administered on 5-7 consective days to reactivate the decreased function of adrenal cortex.
1) In 9 of the 12 patients who had received long-term continuous corticoid therapy, the plasma 17-OHCS response to the ACTH test was markedly decreased, but remained within normal limits in the other 3, who showed seriously deteriorated general conditions and were suffering from psychic or somatic stress.
2) In 12 cases of group A excepting the 3 cases serious deterioration of general condition, a significant negative correlation of response to ACTH with the duration and total dosis of corticoid administration could be established. That is with lengthening of the administration and the inclease of total dosis, the response was found enfeebled. Within the range of dosage used in this study (not less than 17mg daily in prednisolone equivalent), however, no correlation could be observed between the mean daily dosis and the response to ACTH.
3) In 5 patients of the group A, the suppressed adrenocortical function was reactivated by the administration of ACTH-Z 40 I.U. for 3-5 concecutive days.
4) In 4 of the 6 cases of group B, the response to ACTH showed results within normal limits and in the other 2 cases also the response was little anomaly.View full abstractDownload PDF (1884K) -
Kozo YAMADA, Shunji SAWAKI, Chuya YAZAKI, Masaru HAYASHI, Akira FUKUMU ...1962 Volume 37 Issue 10 Pages 1068-1072,1015
Published: January 20, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSInhibition of some vitamin B6 enzymes by carbonyl reagents, metal-chelating agents and phenylalanine derivatives has been reported. Recently, monamine oxidase inhibition by β-phenyl-isopropyl-hydrazine has also been demonstrated, but it is not clear whether monamine oxidase is related to vitamin B6 enzyme and vitamin B2 enzyme or not. In the present paper, we report on our studies, on the mechanism of inhibition of the tryptophanase (vitamin B6 enzyme) and d-amino acid oxidase (vitamin B2 enzyme) by β-phenyl-isopropyl-hydrazine.
The results were as follows ;
1) β-PIPH was found to be inhibitory on the tryptophanase, although it did not influence the inhibitory response on the d-amino acid oxidase.
2) Detailed study indicated that β-PIPH is a nonspecific, formally noncompetitive inhibitor of the tryptophanase.
3) This inhibition is achieved by the removal of cotryptophanase added to the system in vitro through nonenzymatic reaction with β-PIPH.
4) This conclusion was strengthened by the preparation and characterization of the product of the reaction between pyridoxal and β-PIPH, and its identification as a substituted pyridoxylidene-β-phenyl-isopropyl-hydrazine.View full abstractDownload PDF (517K) -
Kohachiro KOGA, Yasushi OKAMURA, Akira KAMBEGAWA1962 Volume 37 Issue 10 Pages 1073-1077,1016
Published: January 20, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAlthough heated strong acid hydrolysis has been generally adopted as the routine procedure for the hydrolysis of urinary steroids, it has disadvantages such as the destruction of the steroids, the production of artifacts, and the remarkable changes of the pattern of the fractionation.
As for the glucuronide types of the urinary steroids, the β-glucuronidase method can now be used instead of this acid hydrolysis, and the results obtained are almost satisfactory.
As for the sulfate types, no such suitable alternative has been reported. The authors attempted to establish a suitable procedure for this purpose, utilizing the sodium sulfates of dehydroepiandrosterone (DEAS) and androsterone (AS) as the substrates, and changing the conditions of solvolysis. The results obtained are summarized as follows :
Sodium sulfates of DEAS and AS were dissolved in water, and then acidified with 1N H2SO4. Twenty % (w/v) of sodium chloride and an equal volume of ethyl acetate (as an organic phase) were added. After vigorous shaking, incubated at 35°C for 43 hours. The rates of hydrolysis were found to be 100% for DEAS and 93% for AS.View full abstractDownload PDF (464K) -
Kyohei NAKANO, Kazunori NISHIKAWA, Sigetaka MIKI1962 Volume 37 Issue 10 Pages 1078-1084,1016
Published: January 20, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe authors performed a series of hepatic function tests (bromsulfalein test, serum cobalt reaction and hippuric acid test) in 136 hospitalized patients with diabetes mellitus, and obtained the following results :
(1) Considerable percentage of those studied were found to have evidence of liver dysfunction as is reported by several other authors, but hardly found a close relationship between liver dysfunction and clinical state of diabetes, namely, blood suger curve after administration of glucose, age, body weight, insulin sensitivity and duration of diabetes.
(2) The incidence of hepatic dysfunction seemed to increase slightly in diabetic patients wtih hypertension.
(3) In diabetic patients with liver dysfunction, the therapeutic result was better than in those with normal liver function.
(4) In a case of diabetes mellitus with liver cirrhosis, both these diseases were seen to be unrelated to each other.
From these points, the authors presumed that liver dysfunction is not so closely associated with clinical diabetes mellitus.View full abstractDownload PDF (795K) -
1962 Volume 37 Issue 10 Pages 1085-1089
Published: January 20, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (564K)
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