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Volume 41, Issue 1
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Minoru ABE1965 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages 9-31,1
Published: April 20, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWistar-Strain male rats were used in this experiment. The adrenal and parathyroid glands were studied morphologically and/or histochemically, and it was revealed that there were histochemical evidences of the hyperfunction of the adrenal glands in experimental hyperparathyroidism. Furthermore, the parathyroid glands were studied histologically in groups of rats with hypophysectomy, adrenalectomy, and parenteral administration with ACTH or cortison or DOCA, respectively. Serum calcium and inorganic phosphorus levels were determined in all of these groups. The function of the parathyroid glands was found to be decreaed remarkably in the hypohysectomized group, on the contrary, it increased in all of the other groups.
It has been concluded from the findings mentioned above that the parathyroid glands have a functional correlation with the adrenal glands and hypophyses, and it seems reasonable to postulate that calcium and inrganic phosphorus levels of the serum might play important roles in regulating such a functional relation between the parathyroid glands and the hypophyseo-adrenocortical system.View full abstractDownload PDF (2924K) -
With Special Emphasis on an Effect of PotassiumMasao KINOSHITA1965 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages 32-41,2
Published: April 20, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThough it has long been known that creatine and creatinine metabolism is disturbed in thyrotoxicosis, it's pathogenesis and the cause of creatinuria are still obscure. In the present investigation, to obtain satisfactory explanation for the problem, creatine metabolism was studied in throtoxicosis with relation to thyroid functions, muscle weakness, atrophy and especially to KC1 administration. Moreover, the effect of KC1 administration on creatine metabolism was observed in experimental thyrotoxic rats.View full abstractDownload PDF (1340K) -
Hisayuki KOWA1965 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages 42-50,5
Published: April 20, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPhosphorus metabolism and creatine phosphokinase activity in muscle of thyrotoxicosis were studied biochemically. Serum creatine phosphokinase activity and significance of these abnormalities in relation with clinical signs and symtoms in thyrotoxic myopathy were also investigated. In addition, similar investigations were done in experimentally produced tyrotoxic rats for confirmation of the results obtained from clinical materials.
Method :
Inorganic phosphorus (IP), creatine phosphate (CP), adenosine triphosphate, measured as Δ 10 P (ATP) and creatine phosphokinase activities were measured directly in frozen muscle tissu, prepared in saturated dry-ice acetone solution.
Material were obtained from 102 patients with thyrotoxicosis, and as controls 44 patients with simple goiter and 19 normal subjects.
Diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis was established clinically, and BMR, PBI, I131 uptake were carefully studied in the laboratory.
Biopsy specimens were obtained from sternocleidomastoid muscles under local anesthesia with 0.5% novocain solution. Serum was taken during fasting state in the morning and materials were measured biochemically as soon as possible.
Experimental thyrotoxic rats were produced by subcutaneous injection of thyroxine 2 mg/kg for 3 weeks and sacrified for the analysis as described previously.
Results :
(1) In muscles of the thyrotoxic patients and the controls, inorganic phosphorus levels were not different materially. Howerer, creatine phosphate and adenosine triphospate values were lower in muscles taken from patients with hyperthyroidism. The 44 per cent decrease in creatine phosphate and the 26 per cent drop in adenosine triphosphate were both highly significant statistically.
(2) Serum creatine phosphokinase were measured in 61 thyrotoxic patients, 18 none-toxic goiter and 15 normal subjects. These mean values were 5.9±4.6 (u/hr/ml), 3.3±1.7 and 2.4±1.7. Creatine phosphokinase activities in serum in thyrotoxicosis was elevated significicantly.
(3) Muscle creatine phosphokinase activities were measured in 27 thyrotoxic patients, 16 none-toxic goiter and 4 normal subjects. Creatine phosphokinase activities were diminished in one third of the muscles taken from thyrotoxic patients but the difference was not of statistical significance.View full abstractDownload PDF (1107K) -
Part I. In Patients with Endocrine Disorders and Normal SubjectsTeruya YOSHIMI1965 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages 51-71,7
Published: April 20, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe studies on the secretion and metabolism of cortisol and aldosterone in humans were made by the use of radioactive steroid hormones. One to 3.0 μc of 7-H3- aldosterone, 7-H3-cortisol or 4-C3-cortisol were injected intravenously into normal subjects and patients with various endocrine disorders. Urine was collected for 24 hours after the injection of radioactive hormones. The daily secretion rate of cortisol and aldosterone was calculated from the injected radioactivities and specific activities of these urinary metabolites. To determine the specific activity of urinay metabolite of aldosterone, urinary aldosterone released by acid hydrolysis was purified by the use of column chromatography (florisil) and paper chromatographies (chloroform formamide system, butylacetate formamide water system and benzene methanol water system). In the case of cortisol, tetrahydrocortisol hydrolyzed by bacterial β-glucuronidase was isolated by the same paper chromatographic systems as for aldosterone.
Heparinized blood samples were withdrawn at 10 to 30 minute intervals after the injection of radioactive hormones. The disappearance curves of labeled hormones were analysed mathematically and volumes of distribution space, metabolic clearance rate and speed of metabolism were calculated using two compartmental models of the human body as discribed by Tait et al.
The mean values of secretion and metabolism for cortisol in three cases of normal subjects were as follow :
The secretion rate of cortisol ; 20.9±3.7 mg/day, mean plasma concentration ; 5.02 ±0.62 mg/100 ml, speed of metabolism (K2) ; 39.1±1.6 units/day, volume of distribution space (V1 + V2); 14.0±0.6 L, metabolic clearance rate (M2) ; 415±39.5 L/day, and miscible pool ; 701.2±98.6μg.
The mean values of secretion and metabolism for aldosterone in normal men under sodium unrestricted diets were as follow : secretion rate ; 128±22 pg/day, mean plasma concentration ; 0.0085±0004 μg/100 ml, speed of metabolism ; 57.6±3.8 units/day, volume of distribution space ; 34.5±6.7 L, metabolic clearance rate ; 1385±158 L/day, and miscible pool ; 2.94±0.58 μg.
In patients with Cushing's syndrome, daily secretion rate, mean plasma concentration and miscible pool of cortisol were markedly increased, especially higher valueswere obtained in the cases due to adrenal hyperplasia than those due to adrenal adenoma. The speed of metabolism and metabolic clearance rate of cortisol was lower than normal controls. Daily secretion rate of aldosterone was slightly increased in some cases of Cushing's syndrome.
In patients with Addison's disease, daily secretion rate, mean plasma concentration, and miscible pool of cortisol and aldosterone were markedly decreased or not detectable, while the speed of metabolism of these hormones was within normal range.
A patient with primary aldosteronism showed high values of daily secretion rate and mean plasma concentration of aldosterone. These values were reduced to normal range after the extirpation of adrenocortical adenoma, while the speed of metabolism of aldosterone in this case did not change by operation.View full abstractDownload PDF (3085K) -
1965 Volume 41 Issue 1 Pages 72-111
Published: April 20, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (4764K)
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