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Volume 49, Issue 7
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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II. Aldosterone and ACTHSoitsu FUKUCHI, Takahiko TAKENOUCHI, Katsuo NAKAJIMA, Chikashi SASAKI1973 Volume 49 Issue 7 Pages 981-987,973
Published: July 20, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSExperiments were undertaken to clarify the relationship between aldosterone secretion and ACTH in primary aldosteronism. After ACTH, DOCA (desoxycorticosterone acetate) and dexamethasone, changes of plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone levels were tested while the patients were on a constant metabolic diet.
1. Plasma renin activity did not change markedly after ACTH administration (p>0.1). In contrast, plasma aldosterone increased significantly (0.05>p>0.025) from 35.9+26.2 to 69.9+54.5 ng/dl in 8 cases with primary aldosteronism. In 4 cases with essential hypertension, plasma aldosterone elevated from 7.6±3.4 to 19.0±16.8 ng/dl (p>0.1).
2. After a 3-day administration of DOCA, plasma renin activity did not decrease significantly in the 7 patients with primary aldosteronism studied in contrast to a marked reduction in patients with essential hypertension. Plasma aldosterone levels increased from 21.7±5.9 to 75.1±76.9 ng/dl (0.1>p>0.05) in 7 cases with primary aldosteronism and decreased from 13.1±3.4 to 5.8±3.1 ng/dl in 4 cases with essential hypertension.
3. Both plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone levels did not change significantly (p>0.1) after dexamethasone administration in primary aldosteronism.
4. In a case with 17a-hydroxylase deficiency, ACTH administration suppressed plasma renin activity from 0.33 to 0 ng/ml/h and plasma aldosterone from 29.3 to 18.9 ng/dl. Plasma desoxycorticosterone increased from 276 to 1394 ng/dl after ACTH. DOCA administration decreased plasma renin activity from 0.57 to 0 ng/ml/h and slightly increased plasma aldosterone from 14.9 to 21.6 ng/dl. Plasma renin activity increased from 0.27 to 0.97 ng/ml/h after dexamethasone administration. Plasma aldosterone did not change with dexamethasone administration.
From these results, it was assumed that the aldosterone secretion from adrenal adenoma was not regulated by the renin-angiotensin system and changed due to the levels of ACTH. Also the increase of plasma aldosterone after DOCA has proven useful in separating patients with primary aldosteronism from other hypertensive patients. In the present case of 17a-hydroxylase deficiency, it is suggested that the excess of desoxycorticosterone was caused by excessive ACTH secretion.View full abstractDownload PDF (883K) -
Katsuo SETO, Fukuko KIMURA, Masazumi KAWAKAMI, Mizuko YAMAZI, Tsuneyuk ...1973 Volume 49 Issue 7 Pages 988-994,974
Published: July 20, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt was reported that glucose showed various effects on acetate metabolism in rumen epithelium of sheep and these glucose effects on acetate metabolism were changed by starvation and alloxan treatment. In this paper, a report is made on the influence of glucose metabolites upon carbon transfer from 14C-acetate into CO2glucose, ketone bodies and various fractions of lipids in rumen epithelium of normal, starved and alloxan diabetic sheep, in vitro.
The results obtained are summarized as follows. In normal sheep, the addition of phosphoenolpyruvate accelerated the transfer of 14C from 14C-acetate into CO2 cholesterol ester, free cholesterol and phospholipid, but inhibited the formation of 14C-glucose, -ketone bodies and-NEFA from 14C-acetate. In starved sheep, the addition of phosphoenolpyruvate accelerated the transfer of 14C from 14C-acetate into ketone bodies, cholesterol ester, free cholesterol and phospholipid, but inhibited the formation of 14C-glucose and-NEFA from 14C-acetate. In alloxan diabetic sheep, the addition of phosphoenolpyruvate accelerated the formation of 14C-ketone bodies from 14C-acetate, but did not affect the transfer of 14C from acetate into any other fractions.
These effects of phosphoenolpyruvate on acetate metabolism were almost the same as observed in previous studies with the effects of glucose on acetate metabolism. Furthermore, pyruvate and lactate did not affect the carbon transfer from 14C-acetate into CO2, glucose, ketone bodies nor lipids in rumen epithelium of normal, starved and alloxan diabetic sheep, so that it may be deduced that there Was some relationship between the acetate metabolism and the glucose-phosphoenolpyruvate system in rumen epithelium of sheep. And it may also be suggested, from the results obtained in alloxan diabetic sheep, that insulin plays some role in the action of glucose-phosphoenolpyruvate system on the formation of CO2, glucose and lipids.View full abstractDownload PDF (880K) -
Tadayoshi MIYAZAKI, Katsuhiko SHIOMI, Manabu YOSHIMURA, Takashi HACHIY ...1973 Volume 49 Issue 7 Pages 995-1000,976
Published: July 20, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRegarding familiar occurrence of Graves' disease it has been suggested that hereditary constitutional factors may be important in the etiology of this disorder.
Recently, we observed 4 siblings with Graves' disease in one family (7 members). The eldest, female, presented a sign of hyperthyroidism at the age of 35 and was treated with radioisotope therapy. However, she died of fulminant hepatitis at 41 years of age. The second (female) and third (female) presented at the age of 44 and 41 with a sign of hyperthyroidism such as palpitation, fingertremor, oversweating, respectively. Both ladies had a diffuse enlarged goiter, but no active exophthalmos. The third had dominant pretibial myxedema. The fourth, male, had clinical evidence of hyperthyroidism with exophthalmos at the age of 20. Besides he had a sign of periodic paralysis frequently. Children of this family are now healthy and have no complaints of any disorders.
On examination data, these patients showed a high value of T3 Resin Sponge Up-take (T3RSU, >45%) serum thyroxine (>18 γ%) and serum triiodothyronine (>2 ng/ml). Two patients (3rd and 4th) showed a high titer of antibody against thyroglobulin and microsome. LATS activity was not detectable in these three patients. There was no increase of serum TSH by the stimulation test of TRH (500γ).
Sibling's father and mother and other siblings who had no thyroidal disorder, showed no abnormalities on examination of T3RSU, serum thyroxine level and antithyroidal antibody test.
All these three patients were treated with radioisotope and then the symptoms of these patients subsided gradually. Even during and after radioisotope therapy, LATS activity was not detectable at all.
This fact may support the suggestion that common genetic factor may play an important role in the etiology of Graves' disease.View full abstractDownload PDF (557K) -
Midori ENDO1973 Volume 49 Issue 7 Pages 1001-1010,977
Published: July 20, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRadioimmunoassay of human growth hormone (HGH) using adsorption to talc was examined. Results are as follows :
1) The minimal detectable amount of HGH was 0.02 ng/ml. The mean recovery rate was 100.8%. Mean±standard error (S.E.) of the same two samples, repeatedly measured eight times, were 3.5±0.2 and 35.4±0.5 ng/ml, respectively. Concentrations of the same acromegalic plasma diluted in different ratios showed good proportionality.
2) No significant difference in precision was found between this method and the double antibody precipitation method. HGH concentrations of the same plasma samples determined by this talc method, and by double antibody precipitation or paper chromatoelectrophoresis methods agreed well.
3) Comparison of three different batches of standard HGH, i.e. Wilhelmi HS968C, by which the HGH values of this article were expressed, and two others from the same commercial source, revealed remarkable discrepancy in immunoreactivity.
4) Resting plasma HGH levels after overnight fast in 17 normal subjects were 2.4±0.4 ng/ml (mean±S.E.). Those in untreated acromegalics were over 50 ng/ml. Acromegalics treated by 60Co irradiation had lower concentrations, though all remained greater than 10 ng/ml.
5) Plasma HGH levels during insulin tolerance test in 11 normal subjects showed highest concentrations (69.5±7.1 ng/ml, mean±S.E.) at 45 to 60 minutes after intravenous injection of 0.1 U/Kg body weight of regular insulin.View full abstractDownload PDF (874K) -
Tsuneo SHODA1973 Volume 49 Issue 7 Pages 1011-1024,978
Published: July 20, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFree [estrone (E1) +estradiol (E2)] in pregnant serum was measured by the specific and sensitive E, radioimmunoassay (RIA) method.
Serum was washed with petroleum ether and estrogen fraction was extracted by ether. The extract was further washed with 3% sodium carbonate solution in order to remove estriol (E3) and then free [E1 +E2] fraction was extracted by mixture of petroleum ether : ether (2 : 1).
The method of RIA was as follows : (1) 0.4 ml of sample or standard E2, (2) 0.1 ml (6 mμ Ci) of3 and (3) 0.1 ml of anti E2-BSA-γ-gl. diluted 1 : 1600 were mixed and incubated. Antibody bounded 3H-E1 was precipitated at “one-half saturation” of saturated ammonium sulfate solution and radioactivity of precipitates was measured.
The range of measurement was 0.3-5.0 ng/ml. Cross reaction of various steroids to E2 was 100% for E1, 4% for E3 and less than 0.03% for testosterone, hydrocortisone and progesterone. Coefficient of variations among assays were 13.1-22.5% in the early pregnancy and recovery study revealed 41.3±2.0 (S.D.) %.
Concentrations of free [E1-E2] of 69 cases of normal pregnant serum (9-42 weeks of pregnancy) showed gradual increase according to gestational periods. The mean values in the 4th, 7th and 10th month of pregnancy were 9.5, 16.6 and 29.5 ng/ml, respectively. Blood samples were taken from 11 cases of normal puerperal women at various intervals after the time of placental delivery and the serum levels of free [E1 +E2] and HCG were measured. Their half-lives were 14.2 min. and 3 hrs. 42 min., respectively.
Estimation was made also on 29 cases of complicated pregnancy (hydatidiform mole, intrauterine fetal death, threatened abortion, anencephalus, twin, toxemia, overterm).
As a conclusion, it may be safely said that the level of serum free [E1 +E2] is a more suitable index of placental function in the diagnosis or prognosis of threatened abortion due to hypofunction of placenta or determination of the timing of induction of delivery, since its half-life is extremely shorter than HCG.View full abstractDownload PDF (1393K) -
Akira TABEI, Shin-Ichi SHIMODA1973 Volume 49 Issue 7 Pages 1025-1033,979
Published: July 20, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt has been known that abnormal clinical laboratory findings without clinical signs suggested thyroid disease are found in pregnancy, patients treated with estrogen, nephrosis and liver cirrhosis etc. As one of such cases, in 1951, Kidd and Man found that PBI (protein bound iodine) was usually increased in the patient with infectious hepatitis. The fact was confirmed by Vonnitti and Beraud (1959). In the present study, 15 acute hepatitis including 11 infectious hepatitis, 3 serum hepatitis and one toxic hepatitis showed an increased T4 concentration and a reduced resin sponge T3 uptake (RSU) lower than the normal limit, suggesting TBG-T4 binding capacity as well as those found in pregnancy and in estrogen-treated patients. Although the serum concentration of estrogen was not measured in the present study, it was considered to be quite likely that the TBG-T4 binding capacity might be increased by temporal increase of concentration of circulating estrogen which would be caused by retardation of the destruction of estrogen due to damage of the liver function. This hypothesis would be supported by the fact that TBG-T4 binding capacity was gradually decreased upto normal limits corresponding to the recovery of liver function to the normal within 4-8 weeks after the onset of the disease.View full abstractDownload PDF (1039K) -
Nobuhiko TONOOKA, Isao KOBAYASHI, Kazutoshi TSUYUZAKI, Yasuko NAKAMURA ...1973 Volume 49 Issue 7 Pages 1034-1042,980
Published: July 20, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStudies on thyroid function of starved animals have led to contradictory results : Some investigators demonstrated an increased, others a diminished thyroid radioiodine uptake. Reasons for these differing findings are not apparent and this prompted a re-examination of the effect of starvation on thyroid function in rats.
In the present study, rats were fed Purina laboratory chow or Remington type low-iodine diet before starvation. Four day-starvation was adopted as a standard method. A significant reduction of 4 hours-thyroid 131I uptake, iodothyronine formation among iodoamino acid composition in the digested thyroid were found. In addition, the intra-cellular colloid droplet formation after TSH stimulation was also diminished in the starved animals. No change in the thyroidal 131I release rate as a consequence of starvation occurred in propylthiouracil-treated or in thyroxine-maintained, perchlorate-treated rats.
On the other hand, thyroid 131I content 24 to 96 hours after 131I administration was markedly higher in the starved than in the control animals. The rate of disappearance of blood 131I was clearly reduced in the starved animals, due probably to decreased renal clearance of iodide.
The present study demonstrates that starvation of rats primarily results in the de-creased thyroid function. Paradoxical effect of starvation on thyroid 131I uptake (con-tent) appears to be a renal defect which results in the retention of radioiodine in the extracellular pool.View full abstractDownload PDF (1077K)
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