巻号一覧
57 巻 (2003)
- 6 号 p. 416-
- 5 号 p. 349-
- 4 号 p. 253-
- 3 号 p. 150-
- 2 号 p. 77-
- 1 号 p. 3-
57 巻, 5 号
選択された号の論文の6件中1～6を表示しています
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扇澤 敏明, 内野 雄二郎, 久保山 敬一2003 年 57 巻 5 号 p. 349-355
発行日: 2003年
公開日: 2013/02/19
ジャーナル フリーMost of ion-exchange membranes are formed by polymerization of styrene and divinylbenzene and then the ion-exchange groups are introduced into the membranes. During the polymerization process, the phaseseparation takes place and it is considered that the formed morphology affects the performance of membrane remarkably. Usually rubber component is added to the mixture of styrene and divinylbenzene in order to improve the brittleness of the membrane and this may induce the phase separation. In this study, the structure development during polymerization of styrene and divinylbenzene in the existence of rubber was measured by a light scattering, an optical microscope and a transmission electron microscope. A peak in the light scattering profile appeared and regularly phase-separated morphology was observed by optical microscopy. These results mean that the phase-separation into polystyrene-rich phase and rubber-rich phase took place via spinodal decomposition mechanism (polymerization induced phase separation). It was also suggested that the phaseseparated morphology can be controlled by changes of polymerization speed and miscibility between polystyrene and rubber. The phase-separated morphology of membrane polymerized in the existence of foundation cloth which consisted of poly (vinyl chloride) was also observed. It was found that the domain size of phase-separated morphology was remarkably different between inside and outside of foundation cloth.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4938K) -
奥山 邦人2003 年 57 巻 5 号 p. 356-361
発行日: 2003年
公開日: 2013/02/19
ジャーナル フリーA simplified model is developed in order to analyze multiple-effect distillation process of sea water, and the feasibility of concentration with the high performance required for salt manufacture is investigated. The performance ratio, which is defined as the ratio of the total distillate rate to the feed steam rate, required for the concentration with the same energy as that consumed in a current electrodialysis and multi-effect distillation combined system is estimated to be approximately 14, from the mass and energy balances of the system. This ratio is shown to be feasible from the analysis based on the model. Thorough heat recovery from distillate and vapor generated due to flash evaporation during the effects is suggested to be indispensable for the attainment of the required performance.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4238K) -
吉田 正道2003 年 57 巻 5 号 p. 362-367
発行日: 2003年
公開日: 2013/02/19
ジャーナル フリーA numerical simulation is performed for seawater concentration by thermal evaporation using a multiple effect evaporator in order to investigate its economical feasibility. Amount of required energy is compared with that for the seawater concentration by electrodialysis. The system considered is a series of falling film-long tube vertical evaporators. In the calculations, dependences of various properties on temperature and concentration are considered. In addition to the influences of operating conditions on the process, the effectiveness of waste heat recovery is investigated. The simulation demonstrated that the thermal evaporation under a realistic and reasonable condition requires about 8 times as much energy as the electrodialysis. However, it is also suggested that the thermal evaporation can be comparable when the seawater is concentrated up to 26% and the last two or three stages are used for crystallization.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4471K) -
栂野 秀夫2003 年 57 巻 5 号 p. 368-378
発行日: 2003年
公開日: 2013/02/19
ジャーナル フリーThis work is composed of part-1 and part-2. Part-1 was reported in Bull. Soc. Sea Water Sci. Jpn., 57,(2), pp.93-102 (2003). This manuscript is part-2 and intended for the conditions which participate in corrosion velocity. Some figures and tables are quoted from excellent corrosion textbooks shown at“References”. I wish to express my gratitude to the authors and the publishers.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (6196K) -
鈴木 喬2003 年 57 巻 5 号 p. 379-381
発行日: 2003年
公開日: 2013/02/19
ジャーナル フリーThe author is deeply grateful for the academic prize awarded from the society of sea water science, Japan. This report is the summary of plenary lecture presented for the prize.
During investigation of some hydroxyapatites [Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2: HAp -Ca10(PO4)4.2(SiO4)1.7(OH)6: SiAp], the author discovered that“Lattice Ca2+ions” of the apatites were selectively ion-exchanged for such notorius cations as Pb2+or Cd2+ions in aqueous solution at room temperature and such interesting ion-exchangers were named as“Lattice Ion Ion-exchanger” by the author. Thus, to selectively separate and uptake small amounts of K+ions from seawater in the presence of a large amount of Na+ions, K+ion memorizing lattice ion ionexchangers have been investigated and Na+form taeniolite (Na+Mg2LiSi4O10·2H2O: Na+T) was found to be a promising inorganic ion-exchanger. Lattice Na+ions of the Na+T were highly selectively ion-exchanged for K+ions in dehydrated state from seawater. Further, SiAp and its extented inorganic ion-exchangers such as hydrotalcite and calcium hydroxide were found to have disinfection effect for Ecoli cells in wastewater. The author hopes that the above inorganic ion-exchangers will be extended to be key materials in environmental and water 21st century.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2421K) -
簗田 満, 田中 仁詞, 森下 弘康2003 年 57 巻 5 号 p. 387-396
発行日: 2003年
公開日: 2013/02/19
ジャーナル フリー中央北太平洋および東部北太平洋の亜熱帯海域から亜寒帯海域の有光層において, バクテリア炭素生物量の見積りに関するアデノシン三リン酸の生物地球化学的意義を評価するため, ピコサイズ区分 (0.2-0.7μm) のクロロフィルa (Chl a), アデノシン三リン酸 (ATP) およびバクテリアの濃度が測定された. そのChla濃度が経度, 緯度あるいは深度的にほぼ一定の値であったが, そのATP濃度は著しく変動した. 統計分析は, ATP濃度とChl a濃度およびバクテリア数との間で有意な相関を示さなかったのに対して,ATP濃度は水温と有意な相関性を示した. これらの結果は, ATP濃度の海域的変動が生きている従属栄養バクテリアの生物量ばかりではなく, 水温の変動に伴うそれ自身の生理的状態 (活性あるいは非活性状態) によって影響されていることを暗示していた.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (7193K)
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