Sensing and processing have been performed by a molecular device that immobilizes bacteriorhodopsin as photo-sensitive retinal protein. A thin film of purple membrane fragments containing bacteriorhodopsin was coated on an SnO_2 conductive electrode and was put into contact with an aqueous electrode gel having a counter electrode to construct a sandwich-type photocell. Under visible light irradiaton, the photocell produced a rectified photocurrent that proved to have unique differential responsivity to light intensity, which is characteristic of vertebrate photoreceptors.
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