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Online ISSN : 1880-9413
Print ISSN : 0559-8516
ISSN-L : 0559-8516
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Volume 50, Issue 4
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
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Special Issue 1: Analytical Technologies and Equipments using Vacuum—Mass Spectrometry
Foreword
Reviews
Technical Report
Special Issue 2: Water Confined in Various Environments
Reviews
  • Structure of Water Confined Inside Carbon Nanotubes
    Kazuyuki MATSUDA, Yutaka MANIWA
    2007 Volume 50 Issue 4 Pages 264-269
    Published: 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3131/jvsj.50.264
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • The First Layer of Water on Transition Metal Surfaces
    Atsushi BENIYA, Jun YOSHINOBU
    2007 Volume 50 Issue 4 Pages 270-275
    Published: 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3131/jvsj.50.270
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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      The interaction of water with solid surfaces plays a crucial role in many areas, e.g., heterogeneous catalysis, electrochemistry, solar energy conversion, and corrosion chemistry. In order to understand microscopic mechanisms in these phenomena, it is important to elucidate how water molecules adsorb, behave, and arrange on metal surfaces. So far, there are many reports concerning the first layer of water on transition metal surfaces. Recently, more detailed microscopic pictures have been obtained from both experiments using synchrotron radiation, scanning tunneling microscopy, etc., and first principles calculations. In this paper, we review the studies about the first layer of water on transition metal surfaces, including our recent study of water on Rh(111).
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  • Growth Processes of Ice and Gas Clathrate Hydrates: Molecular Dynamics Simulation Studies
    Hiroki NADA
    2007 Volume 50 Issue 4 Pages 276-281
    Published: 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3131/jvsj.50.276
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Interstellar Amorphous Ice Grain: the Role in Chemical Evolution
    Naoki WATANABE, Akira KOUCHI, Orie MOURI, Akihiro NAGAOKA, Hiroshi HID ...
    2007 Volume 50 Issue 4 Pages 282-290
    Published: 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3131/jvsj.50.282
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      Surface reaction on interstellar ice grains is a key process for the chemical evolution in molecular clouds. We have performed a series of experiments to simulate the chemical evolution of the primordial CO molecule on the ice grains. Photochemical and hydrogen atom reactions of CO-H2O binary ice at 15 K were studied because those are anticipated to be the most dominant chemical processes on the surface of grains. It was found that the photochemical reactions produce CO2 with the highest yield, HCOOH, H2CO, CH3OH, and so on and that even at very low temperatures (much lower than activation energies), addition reactions of hydrogen atoms to CO proceed efficiently due to the tunneling effect and produce H2CO and CH3OH. Branching ratio of the yields in photochemical reactions strongly depends on the structure of ice, while hydrogen atom reactions are very sensitive to both the structure and temperature of ice. Considering the physical and chemical conditions of molecular clouds, the experimental results are consistent with the astronomical observation of ice grains.
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Regular Papers
Letters
  • Effect of Background Vacuum Environment on the Reactive Sputtering Deposition of Titanium Nitrides
    Takeo NAKANO, Ken'ichiroh HOSHI, Shigeru BABA
    2007 Volume 50 Issue 4 Pages 291-293
    Published: 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3131/jvsj.50.291
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      The effect of background gas environment on the purity of reactively-deposited nitride films has been studied. Especially, the relation between the oxygen background pressure and its incorporation into the TiN film is investigated in this study. We have developed a UHV sputtering system and deposited TiN films under two different base pressure conditions: one was a UHV condition less than 10-6 Pa, and the other was 1×10-4 Pa of oxygen. The oxygen content of the films was examined with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. While no trace of oxygen was detected in the TiN film deposited under the UHV condition, 10 at.% of oxygen was observed in that deposited with the O2 introduction. The extent of O2 incorporation into the TiN film is discussed based on the difference in sticking characteristics of oxygen and nitrogen on the titanium surface.
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  • Distribution of Magnetic Flux Density on a Ni Target of the Radio-Frequency Sputtering System with Multipolar Magnets, and its Film Deposition Performance
    Yuta OKAYAMA, Yuki MURAOKA, Yoshikazu ONO, Yuji KOBAYASHI, Keishi KAWA ...
    2007 Volume 50 Issue 4 Pages 294-296
    Published: 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3131/jvsj.50.294
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      A radio-frequency (RF) sputtering system with multipolar magnets around a magnetic Ni (200-mm diameter, 8-mm thick) target has been developed. In this study, an S-pole magnet was added at the back side of the target to enhance the surface magnetic flux density at the central region of the target. By the introduction of the S-pole magnet, it is shown that the surface magnetic flux density 2 mm above the target increases up to 3.5 times in this region. It is also revealed that the new system can sustain the discharge at a lower Ar gas pressure down to 2.6×10-1 Pa.
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  • Observation of Methanol Adsorption on Cleaved MgO(001) by Electron Stimulated Desorption Method
    Keisuke SAGISAKA, Shoji TAKAGI, Tetsuji GOTOH
    2007 Volume 50 Issue 4 Pages 297-300
    Published: 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3131/jvsj.50.297
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      Adsorption of methanol to the cleaved MgO(001)surface is studied using electron stimulated desorption (ESD) technique. CH2+, CO+ and CH3OH+ are identified as the desorbed ions originated to methanol. However, the yield of these ESD ions is few compared to OH+ in water adsorption for the sample just after cleavage in methanol. The yield of ESD ions from the adsorbed methanol is increased by immersion in methanol for 6 hours. By mixing water into methanol, the yield of ESD ions increases in the sample just after cleavage. From the results of electron stimulated desorption ion angular distribution (ESDIAD), it is found that the CH2+ and CO+ desorb from the step site and the CH3OH+ ions desorb from the step and terrace sites.
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  • Scattering of Fast Protons on Electron-irradiated Surfaces of Ionic Crystals
    Yuuko FUKAZAWA, Kei MITSUHARA, Kenta OCHI, Yuugo MATSUMOTO, Yuuki SHIO ...
    2007 Volume 50 Issue 4 Pages 301-304
    Published: 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3131/jvsj.50.301
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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      Energy loss spectra and angular distributions of 610 keV protons scattered on the (001) surfaces of the ion crystals are measured. The angle of incidence of protons is smaller than 13 mrad. The surfaces have been in-situ irradiated uniformly and the other nonuniformly so that its upstream side for the incident protons is removed preferentially. The surface damages created by the irradiation are observed by an atomic force microscopy (AFM) in air. With increasing the irradiation dose, the energy losses and the peak angles of scattering of the scattered protons are plotted. The results depend largely on the distribution of damages, and are compared with calculated results by a computer simulation. It is found that the change of the angular distributions depends not only on the distribution of damages but also on the angle of incidence of protons to the surface.
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