Previously, Ishida, a member of the department of surgery, clarified the chronological changes of the gastric mucosa through the survey of a number of stomachs freshly isolated from autopsy cases, (unpublished) .
This author attempted the confirmation of Ishida's findings by the histopathological examination of extirpated gastric samples.
Namely, selecting 40 extirpated gastric samples which were free from lesions like ulcer or cancer and were normal as much as they could be, it was attempted to make the quantitative representation of the progress of chronic gastritis by the frequency of the appearance of (a) .hollows on the surface of gastric mucosa, (b) lymphatic follicles and (c) metaphasia of the intestinal epithelium.
Employing the findings thus abtained as controls, comparisons were made with the gastric changes following 4 groups of disorders namely, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, gastro-duodenal ulcer and cancer. In order to eliminale the involvement of confusions due to the age and sexual difference, patients selected were confined to the males of the age from 20-50 years old. The results obtained were as follows :
1. As for the patients of primary chronic gastritis, the presence of hollows on the surface of gastric mucosa and lymphatic follicles were marked on the patients on twenties, while the metaplasia of intestinal epithelium and the presence of hollows were marked on the patients on fifties but lymphatic follicles reduced in number.
2. Likewise, hollows and follicles were marked on the patients of duodenal ulcer on twenties, while the metaphasia of intestinal epithelium and hollows were marked on the patients on fifties, but lymphatic follicles showed a tendency to reduce in number. Namely, the changes observed on the stomach of doudenal ulcer patients were exactly the same as those observed on the patients of primary chronic gastritis.
3. Gastric changes observed on the patients of gastroduodenal ulcer presented a tendency nearly the same as that of the patients of primary chronic gastritis and duodenal ulcer.
4. Gastric changes of the patients of gastric ulcer were different from the patients of primary chronic gastritis, duodenal ulcer and gastroduodenal ulcer on the following points that they presented ; (a) numerous lymphatic follicles, (b) advanced metaphasia of the intestinal PnithPlinm and (c) a larger number of hollows.
5. Gastric changes of the cancer patients on their fifties were characterized by (a) few lymphatic follicles, (b) high percentage of the metaphasia of intestinal epithelium being different from the respective findings of the gastric ulcer patients of the same age group, and moreover, (c) they were different from the findings of the patients of primary chronic gastritis the changes being much stronger in general.
In view of the findings stated above, following conclusions were drown :
1. Presence of the chronological shift in the changes of gastric mucosa was partially confirmed supporting the conclusions drawn by Ishida.
2. The patients of Primary chronic gastritis, duodenal ulcer and gastroduodenal ulcer were found to show gastric changes of nearly the same tendency.
3. Changes of the gastric mucosa were demonstrated to be different among the patients of 3 group, namely, the group of primary chronic gastritis, duodenal ulcer and gastroduodenalL ulcer, the group of gastric ulcer and that of gastric cancer.

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