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Volume 60, Issue 1
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[in Japanese]2000 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 1
Published: February 28, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
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[in Japanese]2000 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 2-10
Published: February 28, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]2000 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 11-15
Published: February 28, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
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[in Japanese]2000 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 16-22
Published: February 28, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]2000 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 23-27
Published: February 28, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
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[in Japanese]2000 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 28-33
Published: February 28, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
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HOSPITAL: 3RD REPORT —STRAINS ISOLATED IN 1998—Seiji FUKUOKA, Rika WAKUTA, Gelin CHEN, Kenzo TAKEDA, Kunihiko FUKUCHI2000 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 34-40
Published: February 28, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe analyzed the antibiotics in vitro susceptibility of 108 strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated in November 1998, when teicoplanin was first used in clinically in Japan. In comparison with 1990 to 1994 data, the piperacillin-or imipenem-resistant strains increased, whereas, the gentamicin-or flomoxef-susceptible strains increased. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) distribution was found to differ among the three carbapenems ; imipenem, panipenem and meropenem ; panipenem was shown to be the best effective. All the strains showed susceptibility to minocycline, arbekacin, vancomycin and teicoplanin, and 92% showed susceptibility to sulbactam/ampicillin. MIC distribution of both vancomycin and teicoplanin showed a peak of 0.025μg/ml. All the strains showed a MIC value of
0.025μg/ ml for vancomycin. On the other hand, 5 isolates showed a MIC value of >1μg/ml for teicoplanin. Although it should not be concluded that these strains are pre-resistant, our results suggest that continuous surveillance and measure of antibiotic-resistant MRSA is necessary.View full abstractDownload PDF (667K) -
Ryung Ji KIM2000 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 41-49
Published: February 28, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOperative therapies are often required for fractures of the lateral humeral condyle in children. Although various operative methods have been attempted for internal fixation, none has been generally accepted. In the present study, the prognoses in 80 children who were treated for fractures of the lateral humeral condyle were surveyed. The followed-up period was average of 4 years and 3 months after the fracture, with a minimum of 4 months and a maximum of 17 years and 3 months. For dynamic analysis, a two-dimensional photo-elastic experiment was carried out using models prepared for the internal fixation method used. The findings obtained suggested that the fractures were initiated in the center of the articulate surface and progressed toward the upper lateral side. Theref ore, internal fixation of the fractures of the lateral humeral condyle in children appear to be both clinically and dynamically effective when one K-wire is used for prevention of rotation fractured fragments after fixation with a screw.View full abstractDownload PDF (3172K) -
Toshiro NAKANISHI2000 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 50-60
Published: February 28, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAntibiotic-Impregnated polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) beads for treatment of osteomylitis were evaluated for efficiency and safety ; dose and duration were decided for the purpose of clinical use. Control and DKB-Impregnated PMMA beads were made by mixing dideoxykanamicin B (DKB) 0g 0.5g and 1g with 10 g cement powder. In dogs, the beads were implanted into the femoral cavity ; beads were removed at 3 days, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 24 weeks. The serum concentrations, elusionkinetics of removed beads, and tissue concentrations of surrounding beads in 4 tissues were measured ; histological studies were perfomed. The peak serum concentration of 4.31μg/ ml was measured at 3 hours after implantation of 1g beads. By 3 days DKB was no longer demonstrable. Pathological findings were no different in surrounding tissues. With high-dose DKB beads, there were no side effects systemically or locally. Elusionkinetics of removed beads was measured ; 25.50μg/ml 0.5g beads, 515.1μg/ml 1g beads at 24 weeks after implantation. DKB concentrations of surrounding tissues were highest in the scar tissues followed by the muscle, cancellous bone, and cortical bone. DKB concentrations were measured in the scar tissues as evidence of efficiency ; 8.21μg/g in 0.5g beads at 8 weeks, 6.45μg/g in 1g beads at 24 weeks. The best dosage of beads was 1 g mixed with 10 g cement because this dosage showed no side effects and high efficiency. The removal time of the beads was best within 24 weeks for 1g beads. Based on the results of this study, the efficiency and safety of PMMA beads for the treatment of osteomylitis were confirmed by maintaining a high concentration in local bone tissues for a long time by eluting the antibiotics from the beads ; there were no side effects systemically and locally.View full abstractDownload PDF (7382K) -
Masaru ISHIKAWA2000 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 61-68
Published: February 28, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHigh-definition cross-sectional images were acquired and reconstructed by CT of the lower extremity, and knee rotation and tibial torsion were measured. In particular, a new method is established and obtained knee rotation was 9.20±2.40 and tibial torsion was 28.3±6.21. CT measurements made in 20 normal legs by the tibial posterior tangent method and by a method that uses the medial margin of the patellar ligament as described by Kudo (the Kudo method) were compared and assessed. The results showed that the tibial rotation values decreased in 6 steps when measured by the Showa University method, the tibial posterior tangent method, and the Kudo method. Increases in tibial torsion values by 6 were obtained in the same order. We subsequently measured 20 more limbs, and using the 40 limbs as a control group, compared the data obtained with measurements of knee rotation and tibial torsion in 76 limbs of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee (OA group) . Knee rotation was 10.14±3.29 in the control group and 8.29±4.59 in the OA group, and although it was slightly smaller in the OA group, the difference was not significant. Tibial torsion was 23.4±8.43 in the control group and lower, 17.6±6.94, in the OA group, but the difference was not significant. When the coefficient for the correlation between age and tibial torsion was calculated, a strong correlation was found in the control group, but hardly any correlation was observed between age and tibial torsion in the OA group. Because of these findings it could be concluded that tibial torsion decreases with age in healthy persons, but that OA of the knee patients often have highly altered values. A strong correlation was found between the degree of progression of OA and knee rotation ( FTA) . No other correlations were found, i.e., among knee rotation, tibial torsion, age, FTA, and age bracket.View full abstractDownload PDF (1857K) -
Toshiharu YAMAMOTO2000 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 69-79
Published: February 28, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new method was devised for evaluating the isokinetic muscle strength of athletes by means of a standard value ratio, which was derived from the mean value of muscle strength of 600 normal athletes at each test velocity expressed as a percentage of the relevant standard value. In the present study, the new method was tested on 25 athletes who had anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in order to progressively evaluate their course of muscle strength recovery until the return of the subjects to sports activity. As a result of employing the standard value ratio, it was possible to facilitate the comparison of the muscle strength recovery levels at each velocity by setting a fixed evaluation scale. The findings of the follow-up study were as follows. Although the recovery of muscle strength was observed to be concomitant with improvement of the activity level at each test velocity, the minimum value was seen at the velocity of 60 deg/sec at all activity levels. In particular, compared with other measured velocities, muscle strength at the time of returning to sports activity showed a 10-28% delay in recovery. These findings indicate that in the case of evaluating muscle strength recovery after ACL injury by evaluating the isokinetic muscle strength, it is more useful to evaluate the balance of recovery at each velocity rather than at a single velocity. Our findings indicate that in athletic rehabilitation after ACL reconstruction, especially at the time when an athlete returns to sports activity, it is essential to be aware of a delay in muscle strength recovery at slow speeds, such as 60 deg/sec at each velocity.View full abstractDownload PDF (1288K) -
—MEASUREMETS OF VARIOUS NORMAL VALUES AND A SURVEY OF ALIGNMENT OF THE CERVICAL SPINE—Shigeki TAKI2000 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 80-92
Published: February 28, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSReports on the sagittal diameters of the cervical spinal canal are outdated, and there has been no report of ADI (atlas-dens interval) in each age of children. Additionally, there is no Ranawat standard value for children. Thus, we obtained these standard values by X-ray measuring 440 cases of normal children. Spinal alignment is the most important factor for normal posture. Through radiographic observation in the 440 cases, we also investigated abnormal findings in childhood causing cervical malalignment and annual characteristic changes leading to malalignment. The values of the cervical sagittal diameter of children were 0.4-0.5mm larger on average than previous years. This was assumed due to recent skeletal development in Japanese children. New ADI standard values for children were obtained, and the index of atlantoaxial dislocation in each age was then calculated. New Ranawat standard values for children were also obtained at this time. It became clear that there is a positive correlation between Ranawat value and age as well as height, and the formulae to obtain the standard value from height were as follows: Boys: Y=4.8941+0.068468X, Girls : Y=5.4687+0.063426X [Y (cm) : Ranawat value. X (cm) : height] . Sagittal malalignment was found in 21 of the 440 cases. In 18 of the 21 cases, the radiographs taken at the first examination showed abnormal findings which were assumed to be the cause of cervical malalignment. Most of the findings showed abnormalities from the vertebral ring apophysis to the end plate and intervertebral listhesis. These findings indicated that one cause of malalignment in most cases might be mild congenital vertebral dysplasia. The incidence of malalignment was relatively high, 4.1% in 18 of 440 cases. Therefore, we should recognize the importance of cervical management at the growth stage.View full abstractDownload PDF (7706K) -
Toshiyuki MITSUYA, Takao SUZUKI, Koji KISHIMOTO, Genshu TATE2000 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 93-103
Published: February 28, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMany gene abnormalities have been detected in malignant lymphomas. In order to analyze the pathological grading of malignant lymphoma, we investigated the expression of bcl-2 protein due to the t (14 ; 18) translocation and the expression of mutated type-p53 protein due to the point mutations in the tumor suppressor gene, p53 which is located on chromosome 17p13.1. We also examined the cell proliferation profile immunohistochemically by using proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki-67 as proliferating cell markers. Twenty patients with responsive lymph node lesions (that is, reactive lymphadenopathy) and 85 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were used as subjects in this study. Bcl-2 protein was expressed in follicular lymphomas at a high frequency, whereas all cases of follicular centrocytes in the responsive lesions were negative, indicating that Bcl-2 is a very important marker to distinguish follicular lymphoma from reactive lymphadenopathy. PCNA and Ki-67 as well as p53 were good markers to evaluate the degree of histological malignancy of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.View full abstractDownload PDF (8804K) -
Takeshi ISHIKAWA2000 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 104-119
Published: February 28, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMotion analysis of golf swings was made using a 3-dimensional computer motion analyzing system in 8 professional and 10 amateur golfers. The distance of movement of thecenter of gravity toward the shot line from the address point to the impact point averaged was larger inthe professional gorup, showing a much more shift in their body weight. In addition, twisting of both scapular zones and the pelvic zone on the backswing was larger in the professional group, suggesting the accumulation of power in the group. It is important to convey the accumulated power to the clubhead by an accurate chain of motion from the trunk to the periphery together with the shift in body weight. The difference between the angle of the left knee at the address point and that at the impact point was smaller in the professional group, showing the nessity of keeping the angle of the left knee at impact almost equal to that at the address point toenhnce the accuracy of impact. The direction of the scapular zone at impact was nearly parallel to the shot line in the professional group, while in the amatur group the direction was not constant and impact with the ball was not made straight on. For improvement, it is necessary to increase the strength of the leg muscle for firmly supportingthe pelvic zone, and the strenght of the paravertebral muscle and the muscle surrounding the scapular zonefor twisting the scapular zone. It is also important to cultivate a sense of timing to facilitate anaccurate chain of motion and efficient exercise of the muscle strength.View full abstractDownload PDF (1402K) -
Shinji OKADA, Masashi HASHINO, Taro MORIMOTO, Hiroshi CHIBA, Kousei TA ...2000 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 120-127
Published: February 28, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIntravenous and transvaginal administration of dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHA-S) is clinically applied to a woman with an unripened uterine cervix at term. To evaluate the effect of administration of DHA-S into extra-fetal membrane space on labor, 50 women with a Bishop score of 4 or less when labor began at the 38-41st week of gestation were selected for the study. Using a catheter 50mg of DHA-S was administered twice into the extra-fetal membrane space of 25 women, and an evaluation was made on the changes in concentrations of DHA-S, estrone-sulfate (E1-S), estradiol (E2) and prostaglandin (PG; bicyclo PGE2, DHK-PGF2a) in the maternal blood during the course of delivery and in the amniotic fluid and cord blood at delivery. Phospholipase A2 activity in the fetal membrane was also measured. As a control, saline solution was administered and the results were compared. Results were as follows : 1) A significant reduction of the time required for delivery was noted (p<0.01) between the DHA-S group (13.4±2.4 hours ; mean±SD) and the control group (20.5±3.7) . 2) Regarding the concentrations of steroid and PG in the blood during the course of delivery, a significant increase (p<0.01) was noted at full dilation of the cervix and at delivery in the DHA-S group. DHA-S concentration in the amniotic fluid also showed a significantly high value compared with the control. On the other hand, except for a significant increase of DHK-PGF2a at 3 hours after administration, there was no difference between the two groups in hormone levels. 3) A significant increase was noted in amniotic phospholipase A2 activity in the DHA-S group. These results indicate that the time required for delivery was reduced when DHA-S was administered into the extra-fetal membrane to compared with the control and the amount of DHA-S used was smaller than the doses used for intravenous and/or transvaginal administration. The above results may be explained by the promotion of cervical ripening and local stimulation of PG enhanced by DHA-S.View full abstractDownload PDF (887K) -
Tomio KAYAMA2000 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 128-135
Published: February 28, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe experiment was performed to explore the pharmacologic effects and the dose-dependency of risedronate in adult rabbits. Groups of sexually mature Japanese female albino rabbits weighing 2.8-3.5 kg were dosed subcutaneosuly with risedronate at three graded dose levels for 14 days. A control group of 5 animals received 0.9% NaCl in the same manner. The rabbits were injected with calcein and oxytetracycline as bone growth indicators. On day 15, the animals were sacrificed, blood was collected, and the tibiae were removed. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the tibia was measured by the MD method, and a non-destructive tibial substantia spongirosa examination at 4.0mm below the growth plate was performed by microfocus CT. Subsequently, histologic examination of the proximal metaphysis was carried out on microslides prepared from resin-embedded tissue blocks, with a phase contrast and a fluorescent light. Blood samples were processed for determination of serum levels of Ca, P, alkaline phosphatase and tartarateresistant acid phosphatase. The results showed a dose-dependent increase in BMD of both the proximal and distal metaphysis, with significant differences especially in the proximal metaphysis betweeen the control groups vs. the 0.01 and 0.05 mgP/kg groups. Microfocus CT analysis revealed a marked increase in spongy bone trabeculae of the risedronate-treated groups. Histologic examination with a phase contrast source revealed increased trabeculae in the risedronate groups. A number of osteoclasts appearing as if clinging to the trabeculae were noted in the controls, whereas in the 0.01 and 0.05 mgP/ kg groups few or no osteoclasts were observed. The findings suggest that the risedronate acted upon osteoclasts to reduce their number and activity. Examination with a fluorescent light showed a reduced interval between the labeling lines, indicating suppression of long-axialtrabecular growth. The treatment with risedronate suppressed both boneformation and, more profoundly, bone resorption. Consequently, the treatment produced an increase in bone density. The effects of this risedronate proved to be more pronounced in the substantia spongiosa showing a faster turn over.View full abstractDownload PDF (6404K) -
Hiroyuki SETO, Makoto NAKAMURA, Harumi SUZAKI2000 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 136-140
Published: February 28, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWhile atypical mycobacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium fortuitum (M. fortuitum) in Japan is occasionally reported in the dermatological field, it is rarely observed in daily clinical practice of otolaryngology. Here we describe a case of subcutaneous abscess of the neck. The patient was a 50-year-old man. He was diagnosed with a subcutaneous abscess of the left neck of unknown etiology in January 1995 in the Otolaryngological Department of Showa University Hospital. The culture of aspirated fluid from the subcutaneous abscess detected acid-fast bacteria, suggesting tuberculous lymphadenitis. Combination therapy with INH and RFP was ineffective. Since M. f ortuitum, an atypical acid-fast bacteria, was identified, the patient received treatment with 300mg/day of LVFX, a new quinolone antimicrobial agent, for 6 months. In addition to this therapy, regional incision and drainage improved the symptom moderately. Further treatment with 300mg/day of oral LVFX for an additional 6 months provided no improvement. Thereafter, The subcutaneous abscess was cicatrized, followed by 2-month oral administration of 300m/dav of SPFX.View full abstractDownload PDF (2081K) -
Kentaro KAMIYA, Terumasa SAWADA, Tatsunao KASHIWASE, Yuko TSUNODA, Mit ...2000 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 141-146
Published: February 28, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBreast carcinoma during pregnancy is relatively rare ; it accounts for 0.5% of breast carcinoma in Japan. Three cases of increasing breast carcinoma during the term of pregnancy are described in this paper. Case 1: A 30-year-old woman complained of a mass in her left breast. Ultrasonography (US) revealed a tumor enlargement at 35 weeks of pregnancy in comparison with that at 26 weeks. Case 2: A 36-year-old woman who was previously treated with a quadrant mastectomy for the upper inner site (Bq + Ax) on her left breast, 4 years later recognized a mass in the upper lateral quadrant. She mentioned no tumors were palpable.before pregnancy. Moreover, US in the 19, 29, and 35 weeks of pregnancy failed to demonstrate any growth. As she found the mass herself with the birth near at hand, it was comfirmed by US. Case 3: A 28-year-old woman had a mass in her right breast. Although the size of the tumor acquired with US in the 32 and 36 weeks of pregnancy was 25mm, it became 41mm in size after giving birth. We experienced three rare cases of breast carcinoma growth detected by US during the late term of pregnancy.View full abstractDownload PDF (4659K)
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