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Volume 61 (2001)
- Issue 6 Pages 591-
- Issue 5 Pages 491-
- Issue 4 Pages 379-
- Issue 3 Pages 255-
- Issue 2 Pages 123-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 61, Issue 2
Displaying 1-19 of 19 articles from this issue
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[in Japanese]2001 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 123
Published: April 28, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
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[in Japanese]2001 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 124-127
Published: April 28, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
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[in Japanese]2001 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 128-131
Published: April 28, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
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[in Japanese]2001 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 132-136
Published: April 28, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
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[in Japanese]2001 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 137-140
Published: April 28, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
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[in Japanese]2001 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 141-145
Published: April 28, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
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[in Japanese]2001 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 146-149
Published: April 28, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
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[in Japanese]2001 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 150-162
Published: April 28, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]2001 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 163-170
Published: April 28, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
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—A Comparison of Normal Gait and Abnormal Gait—Harumi TAKADA2001 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 171-178
Published: April 28, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was undertaken to test a hypothesis that a normal gait (NG) taken even under the restriction of an above-knee prosthesis causes less discomfort, fatigue and energy-expenditure as compared with an abnormal gait (ANG) similarly taken under the restriction of a above-knee prosthesis. [Study 1] Purpose and Method : To test the hypothesis, the subject was asked to wear an above-knee prosthesis on the leg, and to perform a NG, lateral bending gait (LBG) or vaulting gait (VG) in a room. Subject : The subjects consisted of six males. Results : It appeared that the LBG is the least stressful and requires the least energy expenditure, but this was not verified statistically. [Study 2] Purpose and Method : To test the hypothesis, a leg-amputated subject was asked to attach an above-knee prosthesis on his stump leg, and to perform an NG, LBG, VG, or abduction gait (ABDG) in a room as in Study 1. Subjects : The subjects consisted of nine males. Results : The Energy expenditure in LBG and ABDG was lower than those in NG. However these was not verified statistically. [Study 3] Purpose and Method : To determine, based on subjective responses from leg-amputated subjects dependent on above-knee prostheses for gait obtained through a questionnaire, what type of gait imposes the least exertion. Subjects : The subjects consisted of 85 persons who had received above-knee amputation. Result : About 90% of the subjects responded that ANG imposes the least fatigue. From the above results, it was concluded that, for the majority of above-knee amputated persons dependent on above-knee prostheses for gait, a NG requires a great deal of effort and energy-expenditure.View full abstractDownload PDF (4027K) -
—Comparison of Amrinone and Sodium Nitroprusside—Nobumasa HONDA, Masao KOBORI2001 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 179-186
Published: April 28, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis investigation evaluated the systemic hemodynamics and splanchnic blood flow as compared with amrinone or sodium nitroprusside (SNP) during isovolemic hemodilution in anesthetized dogs. Twenty adult male mongrel dogs weighing from 12 to 21 kg were used in this investigation. We divided the animals randomly into 2 groups : an amrinone (A) group, and an SNP (S) group. The animals were anesthetized with a 1MAC isoflurane concentration in 60% nitrous oxide. Splanchnic blood flow was determined by the hydrogen gas clearance method. A laparotomy was performed so the hydrogen gas clearance electrodes could be inserted into the liver ( LBF), renal cortex (RCBF), renal medulla (RMBF) and pancreas (PBF) . Subsequentry, hemodilution was carried out by exchanging blood (20 ml/kg) with isovolemic hydroxyethyl starch (6% in saline, MW=200 kDa) . Either intravenous infusion of amrinone or SNP to decrease the mean arterial pressure (mAP) to 85% (HP-1) and 70% (HP-2) of the baseline values performed a hypotension in the hemodiluted animals. In both groups, the cardiac index (CI) increased significantly during the hypotensive period compared with baseline values. In the A group, the maximum rates of change of left ventricular pressure (LV dp/dt max) increased during both HP-1 and HP-2. In the S group, LV dp/dt max increased significantly during HP-1, but not during HP-2. In both groups, RCBF increased during HP-1; moreover, RMBF increased during both HP-1 and HP-2. In both groups, LBF and PBF did not differ as compared with the baseline values. These results indicate that amrinone can be a useful hypotensive agent during isovolemic hemodilution.View full abstractDownload PDF (774K) -
—Its Relationship with Mental Status and Daily Activities—Kazuyuki FUJIMOTO2001 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 187-196
Published: April 28, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe studied the discourse of the elderly in relation to age, mental status and daily physical activities in 218 cases. To clarify the content of discourse, we employed the discourse classification, which we originaly developed. The mental status was assessed by the Hasegawa Dementia Scale, and the activities of daily living (ADL) were employed by the Barthel Index. Furthermore, a new clinical scale for rating of mental status (NM scale) was employed to combine ADL and instrumental ADL (IADL), which includes activities such as shopping. As a result, we found that age does not correlate with discourse; however, the correlation coefficients for mental status and daily physical activities were both more than 0.7. Therefore, we have come to believe that a decrease in mental status and daily activities affects the content of discourse which becomes focussed on the past and is selfcentered. We also divided the discourse into temporal and spatial elements, and studied their relationship to discourse. The correlation coefficient was 0.75. For anyone involved in rehabilitation, knowing the contents of the patient's discourse is important not only to assess the mental status and the level of physical activities, but also to assess the quality of life (QOL) .View full abstractDownload PDF (746K) -
Mamoru ITO2001 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 197-207
Published: April 28, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to examine some effects of serum lipids on senior citizens who had discontinued long-term training (LG) . In order to compare the results, we also investigated subjects who underwent short-term training (SG) . We gaveeach subject a physical exarmination and blood tests before the beginning of the experiment (pre), 12 weeks later (post 1), 16 weeks later (post 2), and 24 weeks later (post 3) . As a resault of post 1, we found that the training elevated the subjects' physical functions. LG had a higher degree of improvement than SG. As a result of post 2, we found that the subjects decreased Vo2max, flexibility and agility with LG showing a higher degree of decline. This indicates that it is possible that senior citizens tend to lose some effects of training. However, we assume that those who have experienced long-term training can avoid a large decline in physical functions even when they cease training. At the post 3 stage, we investigated the subjects who restarted training and those who did not. The results showed that the LG subjects who did not restart training showed the same readings at the pre stage.In short, we assume that the effects of short-term training are lost completely in 12 weeks when subjects do not train any longer. On the other hand, subjects who restart the training elevatedthe readings compared with those at the post 2 stage. Of course, the degree of improvement is subject to the traininig contents.View full abstractDownload PDF (1036K) -
Tomoyasu ISHIGURO2001 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 208-213
Published: April 28, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe carried out on objective diagnosis which is clinically convenient for the purpose of performing early detection and treatment of diabetic neuropathy (DN) . We enrolled 81 patients with type II diabetes in this study. The objective test items consisted of Achilles tendon reflex (ATR), motor nerve conduction velocity (median nerve) (MNCV), vibration perception (Vib), orthostatic hypotension (OHT), heart rate coefficient of variation of R-R intervals (CVR-R) and expiration to inspiration ratio during deep breathing (E/I-R) . When abnormalities were found in more than 3 items for a patient, the patient was diagnosed as having DN. Among 81 patients, 19 patients were diagnosed as having DN. When sensitivity and specificity in each test item were examined for 19 cases in the DN (+) group, the detection ability was excellent in ATR and CTR-R and the sensitivity of ATR was 84.2% and that of CVR-R was 78.9%. When diagnosis of DN was performed using ATR and CVR-R, specificity of ATR was 24.1% and sensitivity of ATR was 100%. Therefore, we concluded that Achilles tendon reflex abnormalities after other peripheral nerve disorders and central nerve disease are excluded, is a useful index of DN diagnosis, although the false positive rate is high.View full abstractDownload PDF (685K) -
Hiroshi MASUMITSU2001 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 214-221
Published: April 28, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to determine whether the choice of treatment selected according to endoscopic diagnosis was appropriate, we investigated 245 cases of submucosal (sm) invasive colorectal carcinoma diagnosed by endoscopy. The lesions were inspected macroscopically to estimate the depth of the invasion, which is a major factor in selecting treatment. The lesions were then treated either endoscopically or surgically, and the specimens were histologically examined to evaluate the diagnosis. Out of the 245 cases, 114 (46.5%) were treated endoscopically ; of these 47 (41.2%) cases required additional surgical resection. Surgical resection without endoscopic treatment was performed in 131 of 245 (53. 5%) cases. The depth invasion of the 131 surgically resected cases were 31 of 131 (23.7%) sm1, 80 of theses (61.1%) sm2 and 20 cases (15.2%) were sm3. The oversurgery cases were estimated about ten percent in surgical resection cases. The other sm1 lesions were resected surgically the size and location of the lesion caused because endoscopic resection difficulty. Endoscopy resulted in a correct diagnosis in 198 of 245 (80.8%) cases. We then considered the possible reasons appropriate treatment was not selected upon endoscopic examination in the 47 cases who required additional surgical resection. The mode of growth of the lesion seemed to be crucial suggesting that the polypoid type of sm early cancer which is easily resected endoscopically was most likely misdiagnosised by endoscopy due to its shape. In addition, distinguishing between sml and a shallow invasion of sm2 is challenging. All the lesions assigned to sm3 were accurately assigned to receive appropriate surgical treatment. The presence or absence of invasion into the lymphatic system or veins was not assessable by examing morphological changes by endoscopy.View full abstractDownload PDF (985K) -
Rika TAJIMA2001 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 222-232
Published: April 28, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to determine the movement of the center of pressure (COP) during a sit-to-stand (STS) motion at various angles of the knee joint and to identify a correlation between STS motion and COP. The subjects were ten healthy adults (mean age 27.0±3.4 years) . The movement of COP during STS motion was measured in each setting of 80°, 90° and 100° of knee flexion with hip flexion at 90° using a foot pressure measurement system (F-SCAN) . The movement and the track of COP were statistically analyzed. The motion of COP consisted of mainly an anterior-posterior sway and a slight lateral sway. The results showed a pattern in which COP moved posteriorly at the beginning of STS motion, reached a turning point then moved rapidly anteriorly and finally stopped. The turning point of COP showed a relation with the flexion angle of the knee at the beginning of STS motion and was located more posteriorly when the flexion angle became smaller. The maximum distance of lateral sway and the flexion angle of the knee were not significantly related even when the angle was altered. The anterior-posterior sway and the lateral sway of COP were considered to correspond to the dynamic function (mobility) and the static function (fixation) of the knee and ankle joints, respectively. The analysis of COP provides a reliable evaluation for STS motion ; therefore, a constant and stable movement of COP indicates secure performance of STS.View full abstractDownload PDF (6428K) -
Toshiya SHINGUU2001 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 233-241
Published: April 28, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo have a better understanding of instructions and environmental surroundings appropriate for patients, we analyzed rising motions. Methods : In experiment 1 (20 males and 23 females aged 25-85 years), motions from the bed and the floor were classified. In experiment 2 (6 males), 5 characteristic motions were evaluated on surface electromyograms. Bipolar lead electromyograms of 7muscles were recorded. In experiment 3 (6 males), the movement of the trunk during the same motions was measured using a 3SPACE-WIN (POLHEMUS) . With 3 terminals fixed in the 1st thoracic vertebra, 5th lumbar vertebra, and the sacral spine, the spinal flexion angle in the 5th lumbar vertebra and the spinal rotation angle in the 1st thoracic vertebra were measured. Results : In experiment 1, sitting-up motions on a bed and standing-up motions were classified into 3 types each. Sitting-up motions and standing-up motions from the floor were also classified into 3 types each. The type of motion differed according to age. In experiment 2, 5 characteristic motions were studied. The duration and the order of muscle contraction differed. In experiment 3, the same 5 motions as those observed in experiment 2 were evaluated. The flexion angle did not significantly differ between the motions. The rotation angle was significantly different between the motions from the bed as well as between those from the floor. Discussion: The types of muscles used were similar among the motions, but the duration of contraction differed, suggesting that there are methods with high motion efficiency. For the spinal flexion angle, 25-35? is necessary, and for the spinal rotation angle, 25-40? is necessary. Since there were characteristic age-related motions, a recommended type of motion may not necessarily be the easiest motion for the patient.View full abstractDownload PDF (745K) -
Hironao KITAGAWA2001 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 242-250
Published: April 28, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study attempts to determine the features of the upper extremity in the hemiplegic gait and a new classification is reported. Subjects were 95 hemiparetic patients who can walk without assistance and whose mean age was 62.5±12.4 years. Two-dimensional motion pictures (30 frames/sec) were taken of subjects walking on a flat floor. Front and lateral observations were made of each subject. Angles of shoulder internal rotation, elbow flexion, and wrist flexion were recorded. Three types of the upper extremity in the hemiplegic gait were classified : rod type, pole type and hook type. The rod type consists of supple movements of the upper extremity with an arm swing in the gait ; The pole type shows awkward movments of the upper extremity with an extensive elbow in the gait ; The hook type reveals stiff movments of the upper extremity with a flexible elbow in the gait. A correlation was seen in angles of shoulder internal rotation, elbow flexion and wrist flexion. A correlation was seen in angles of the upper extremity and the Brunnstom stage. A high quality of functions were distributed in the rod type and low quality of functions were distributed in the hook type. It is believed that hook type patients balance themselves on their upper extremity. This classification is expected to be useful for the assessment of gait exercise.View full abstractDownload PDF (2910K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...2001 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 251-253
Published: April 28, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
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