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Volume 57, Issue 1
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...1997 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 13-23
Published: February 28, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (8314K) -
—Effect of the Volume of Diluted Solution—Youmo KOH, Kimio NAMATAME1997 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 24-29
Published: February 28, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn experiment was carried out in dogs to study the effect of the volume of a dilute solution on the drug absorption route after an intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin. Groups A and B, each consisting of five animals, were given cisplatin, 2 mg/kg, respectively, of physiological saline. Intraperitoneal bolus injections of cisplatin were given with a 16-gauge catheter, after which cisplatin concentrations in the portal blood, peripheral blood, and liver tissue were measured. Results were as follows. 1) The portal free cisplatin concentration in group A tended to be higher than that in group B. 2) The peripheral total cisplatin concentration was lower in group A than that in group B. 3) The area under the curve results 1) and 2) . 4) The cisplatin concentration in liver tissue was high in group A. These results suggest that the intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin in a small volume of dilute solutionpromotes drug absorption into the portal system.View full abstractDownload PDF (550K) -
Akiko HIROTA, Yosiharu HOSHIYAMA, Takeshi KAWAGUCHI1997 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 30-36
Published: February 28, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe performed a bibliographic study of infant care described in historical medical documents. Since ancient times, infant care has been important in both clinical treatment and preventive medicine. On the basis of books of Chinese traditional medicine such as“gian jin fang”and“xiao pin fang”, the significance of infant care was descibed in“I-shin-hou”, the first medical book in Japan, edited by Yasuyori Tanba in the Heian period. Similar descriptions appeared in various documents up to the Edo period. However, in the late Edo period, there appeared a new group of authors, including Keiri Arimochi, whose aim was to perform original methods of care in Japan based on new findings. These practices were in opposition to the classical care of the Koho group, which held classical opinions and intended to continue conventional infant care methods. Thus, numerous progressive views developed during this time, resulting in many different views on infant care. Furthermore, desriptions of weaning and new treatment procedures, such as for hernias, appeared in documents of the time. In addition, several examples of preventive medicines were described, such as the importance of avoiding heavy clothing and excessive lacatation and preventing colds by frequent sun baths. Such views are appropriate for preventive medicine even today.View full abstractDownload PDF (930K) -
—First Report: Changes in the Intestinal Pathology with Food Challenge—Yasutoshi SAKAMOTO, Hideo YOSHIDA, Toshio MOROHOSHI1997 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 37-43
Published: February 28, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSObject : To determine whether the mechanism of absorption of macromolecules in allergic intestines is IgE dependent.
Materials and Methods : First, rats sensitized to ovalbumin were given ovalbumin orally. Then, after 1 hour β-lactoglobulin was instilled orally. We measured the concentrations of β-lactoglobulin with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for 4 hours.
β-Lactoglobulin was detected in the serum of the rats after 30-minutes, and the maximal peak concentrations of β-lactoglobulin were at 60, 120, and 240 minutes. Second, after the sensitized rats received ovalbumin orally, they were divided into five groups (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5) that received β-lactoglobulin 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours, respectively, after receiving ovalbumin. We then measured 2-hour serums concentrations in each group because it has been reported that 2-hour values in the absorption of macromolecules are maximal in intestinal inflammation. The concentrations in each group were compared.
Result : We could detect β-lactoglobulin in the rats of groups 1, 3 and 5. However, we could not detect in groups 2 and 4. Therefore, the absorption of macromolecules showed different patterns.
Conclusion : Our findings suspect that the mechanism of absorption in the allergic intestine is not IgE dependent immediate response but late response, post late response and by these the absorptions of macromolecules are affected.View full abstractDownload PDF (2740K) -
—Nursing Care for Limb Disorders with Visual Disorders—Kiyoka OHNE1997 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 44-55
Published: February 28, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFifty cases of limb disorders combined with visual disorders were diagnosed and treated in 155 patients with rheumatoid arthritis at the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Showa University, from July 1994 through July 1996. The role of team-based nursing in the treatment of these 50 patients was evaluated by examining the patients' daily and social environment. Results show that many cases of cataracts, Sjögrens syndrome, and keratoconjunctivitis were diagnosed in patients with visual disorders and rheumatoid arthritis and that the combined disorders limited patients' daily and social activities. Functional disorders differ between limb disorders and visual disorders but severe disorders are the same in both limb disorders and visual disorders. Functional disorders larely affect the sensitivity of the distal upper limb and the mobility of the lower limb. Limb disorders lead to sensory disorders of the hand and finger and mobility disorders of the lower limb.
Activities of daily living can be accomplished even if the above functional disorders are combined with visual disorders, but activities parallel to daily living tend to be limited even if prosthese and self-help devices are used. The degree of disability in daily and social activities varies with weather conditions if visual and limb disorders are both present.
The degree of disability becomes more prominent in public facilities, since they are designed for patients who have only one of the two disorders. It is imperative in dyscrasic nursing care to respect patients control of their own lives by considering how patients independence and dependence vary with the degree of disability. Today's nursing staff play an important role solving problems of medical care which patients face by recognizing policies of medical care, welfare, and education implemented by national governments.View full abstractDownload PDF (3059K) -
—Synaptic Interactions between Glutamate and Somatostatin Neurons—Yasunori HORI, Keiko SUKAGAWA, Hidehiko OCHIAI, Yasumitsu NAKAI1997 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 56-63
Published: February 28, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUltrastructure of glutamate-like immunoreactive (Glu-LI) neurons in the rat hypoth-alamus was studied immunocytochemically using Glu antibody. Synaptic Interactions between Glu-LI neurons and somatostatin-like immunoreactive (SRIF-LI) neurons were examined ultrastru-cturally by a pre-embedding double immunostaining technique combining the silver-gold intensified peroxidase-antiperoxidase complex-3, 3'-diaminobenzidine (SGI-PAP-DAB) method with the nonintensified ABC-DAB method. Glu-LI axon terminals were found directly terminating on the basal lamina of the blood capillaries of the portal vessels in the median eminence. Glu-LI neurons received synaptic inputs from unknown neurons in the arcuate nucleus. Synaptic interactions between Glu-LI and SRIF-LI neurons were found in the periventricular nucleus. In the arcuate nucleus, synapses occurred between Glu-LI axons and dendrites. These findings suggest that Glu-LI neurons may regulate the secretory activity of growth hormone-producing cells directly or indirectly through synapses with SRIF-LI neurons.View full abstractDownload PDF (9211K) -
Jian MEI, Masaaki SAHARA, Yan Qing LIU, Toshinori TAMURA, Min Zhu HUI, ...1997 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 64-68
Published: February 28, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRabbit portal veins were suspended in an organ chamber to measure contractile force. After various preservation periods (4°C) in University of Wisconsin solution (UW) and prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) +UW, they were contracted with norepinephrine (10-4-10-5M) at 36°C in 95% O2 and 5% CO2. The value at 0 hour was used as control. In PGE1+UW, contraction of the portal vein was 119% of control at 24 hours, 107% at 48 hours, and 84% at 72 hours. In UW, contraction was 82%, 56%, and 42% of control. Therefore, PGE1 enhanced preservation by UW. Both exogenous PGE1 and forskolin are reported to elevate intracellular cyclic AMP. With forskolin+UW, contraction of the portal vein was 103% at 24 hours, 85% at 48 hours, and 46% at 72 hours. The preservation effect was greatest with PGE1+UW, followed by forskolin+UW and UW. These results suggest that PGE1 can elevate intracellular cyclic AMP and preserve the portal vein by an unknown mechanism.View full abstractDownload PDF (535K) -
Yukihiro HASEGAWA, Toshio MOROHOSHI, Toshiya FUKUI, Mitsuru KAWAMURA, ...1997 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 69-78
Published: February 28, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe investigated factors that influence prognosis in 49 patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) . In 1992, we studied the following factors that may be associated with prognostic outcome in these patients symptoms, duration of illness, age of onset, clinical severity, medication, cerebral atrophy, and incidental cerebral hyperintensities on magnetic resonance imaging. We also assessed congnitive function in these patients. In 1996, we studied the relationship of these factors to both congnitive function and functional status in daily life in patients who could be contacted.
Higher age and Hoehn-Yahr stages and poorer performance on the“letter pick-out test”were significantly related to poorer functional status in 1996.
Second, we analyzed patients in whom dementia developed during the 4-year period. Patients who were older at onset and at the first examination in 1992 and patients with progressive motor deficits were significantly predisposed to the development of dementia during this period.
Finally, we investigated causes of death. Six patients died of pneumonia, 2 died of subarachnoid hemorrhage, and 1 each died of acute subdural hematoma and paralytic ileus.
This study reconfirmed the previous notion that high age is the primary indicator of future deterioration of both motor and cognitive functions. Additionally, the results of this study suggest that clinical severity and frontal brain dysfunction may also predict future motor, but not cognitive, deterioration and that death is usually caused by pneumonia related to parkinsonism.View full abstractDownload PDF (1110K) -
Wataru ENDO, Sachie OKUBO, Osahiko TAKAHASHI, Tadakatsu SHIMAMURA, Yuk ...1997 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 79-86
Published: February 28, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of (-) epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg) on the production and activity of inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor [TNF] and interleukin-1 [IL-1 ] ) by peritoneal macrophages was examined. Macrophages from C3H/ HeN male mice were activated by EGCg alone or in combination with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro. The activity of TNF in the supernatant of macrophages was measured by means of the injury of L-929 cells, and the IL-1-like activity was determined by measuring 3H-thymidine uptake of stimulated thymic cells of mice. EGCg did not stimulate TNF production independently, but 5 μg/ml of EGCg accelerated TNF production by macrophages stimulated with low-concentration (0.1μg/ml) LPS. However, EGCg did not stimulate TNF production with high-concentration (1.0μg/ml) LPS. When macrophages were treated simultaneously with both 0.1μg/ ml of LPS and 10μg/ml of EGCg, the EGCg quickly suppressed TNF production induced by LPS. IL-1-like activity could not be observed in the supernatant of macrophages exposed to EGCg alone. EGCg (5 to 10μg/ ml ) suppressed the IL-1-like activity induced by LPS when added with LPS (0.1 to 1.0μg/ ml) . Mouse recombinant TNF- a (250pg/ ml) or recombinant IL-1 ; 3 (250 to 500pg/ ml) were incubated with EGCg, then tested in the assays mentioned previously. EGCg suppressed recombinant TNF-a activity by about 30% and recombinant IL-1β activity by about 70%. These results suggest that EGCg can homeostatically suppress the enhanced production of cytokines or their activates and can directly neutralize cytokine activities.View full abstractDownload PDF (773K) -
Tomiaki IKEDA, Noriyuki FUKUI, Youko KOYAMA, Keiko MIZUKAWA, Toyoaki K ...1997 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 87-90
Published: February 28, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA total of 1449 orthopedic operations for functional reconstruction and rehabilitation were performed at Showa University Fujigaoka Rehabilitation Hospital in the 4 years from 1991 to 1994. The number of operations increased each year. In particular, with advances in materials for artificial joints, the number of cases of knee and hip joint replacement has inc-reased.
With the development of video systems, endoscopic surgery for knee, hip, and shoulder joints has increased.
To avoid homologous blood transfusion, preoperative autologous blood donation and perioperative and postoperative blood salvage are used for operations of the hip joint and spine in this hospital. Therefore, operations with homologous blood donation are rare.
Because we predict an increase in the number of surgical cases in the future, we must improve the safety of anesthetic management, inclding prevention of infectious diseases.View full abstractDownload PDF (309K) -
—Indications for Conservative Management of Spontaneous Epidural Hematoma—Hiroshi DOI, Izumi TOYODA, Kiyoshi MATSUMOTO, Jiro KUWASAWA1997 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 91-95
Published: February 28, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 68-year-old woman was hospitalized with complaints of neck pain, left hemiparesis, and sensory distubances of the left limbs 4 days after their sudden onset. There were no signs of urinary dysfunction. Left hemiparesis improved gradually without treatment. Emergency magnetic resonance imaging revealed an isointense dorsal epidural collection extending along the middle cervical spine (C3-6) on T1-weighted images. On T2-weighted images, the lesion was primarily hyperintense. On cervical computed tomographic scan, the lesion was a high-density mass. The left posterolateral epidural collection compressed take out comma but did not displace the adjacent spinal cord. Spinal arteriovenous malformation was not detected with spinal angiography. The patient was observed without surgy. There was complete clinical and radiologic resolution with nonsurgical treatment. In selected cases with incomplete and nonprogressing deficits, conservative management may be possible.View full abstractDownload PDF (2254K)
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