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Volume 50, Issue 1
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
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Yoshikazu KOMURO, Seiichiro INOKUCHI, Junji ITO, Hiroo KUMAKURA, Etsuj ...1990 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 3-12
Published: February 28, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSComputed tomography (CT) scans of 100 adult humans (50 males and 50 females) were made at five transverse sections in the trunk to measure differences in body composition related to body type. Body types were categorized into three groups by the Rohrer index: A type (under 129), C type (from 130 to 149) and D type (above 150) . Planes of CT scans were at: midpoint of the sternum (E5), xiphoid (E6), upper abdomen (E7), umbilicus (E8), and lower abdomen (E10) . Body composition was divided into: subcutaneous fatty layer, bone and muscle layer and body cavity. The following results were obtained: 1) The total cross-sectional area was largest in D type, followed in order by C and A types in all planes, in both sexes. In male A and C types, the total area was largest in E5 and decreased in order in E6, E7, E10 and E8. In D type, area was larger in E5, E6 and E7 than that at E8 and E10. In females, it was largest in E5 followed by E10 in all types. 2) The total area in each plane decreased with age except in E8 and E10 in C type, and all planes in D type. Area in D type increased remarkably in the seventies in males. The total areas in E7 and E8 were about equal in the A and C types and decreased above the sixties in females. 3) In males, the proportion of body cavity was largest followed by bone and muscle in E5, E6 and E7 and this was reversed at E10 in all planes. In E8, the proportion of bone and muscle was largest in A and C types, and there was no difference between bone and muscle, and body cavity in D type. In females, the order of body components in E5, E6, E7 and E10 was similar to that in males. In E8, the proportions of each component were almost equal (about 30 %) in each type. The proportion of subcutaneous fat was larger in females than in males, especially in E8 and E10. 4) The proportion of subcutaneous fat decreased with age in all planes, in all type, and in both sexes, except in male D type where it increased in all planes in the seventies. The proportion of bone and muscle was largest in the forties and fifties and was smallest in the seventies in males. In E7, this proportion decreased with age in male A and D types. In females, the proportion of bone and muscle was not different in any plane, in any type. The proportion of body cavity was largest in the sixties and seventies in all types in all planes. In females, the abdominal cavity increased with age.View full abstractDownload PDF (4874K) -
—NERVOUS DISORDERS AND DERMAL DISORDERS—Masumi FUJIMOTO, Atuko USUKI, Hisao NISIJIMA, Micho INOUE, Yoshiko TUM ...1990 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 13-27
Published: February 28, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA survey was made of the side effects of antiepileptic agents used for 221 cases over 10 years. They were examined at Showa University Hospital during the year 1987 to 1988. Nervous disorders were observed in 92 cases, dermal disorders in 92, digestive disorders in 182, hematological disorders in 59 and osteo-metabolic disorders were seen in 42 cases. There was a significantly high possibility of combined troubles in the nerves and skin, as well as blood- and osteo-metabolism. Nervous disorders occurred significatly often in cases of symptomatic general epilepsy, or thse complicated by brain-damage, or mental retardation, or as initial side effects in cases less than 10 years old. Dermal disorders occurred significantly often in symptomatic general epilepsy, or in cases complicated by mental retardation as the existing problem. The use of PB and DPH at the time of the occurrence of the problem, produced more than 70% of the nervous and dermal disorder side effects. However, the original drugs were not clearly indentified. Among the nervous and dermal disorders, whether or not they belonged to symptomatic general epilepsy, anamnesis of brain damage in nursing-babies or mental retardation, there was no significat differance in the dosage and number of drugs at the occurrence of the side effects. There was a high possibility of overlap between nervous and dermal disorders, so it is suggested that the occurrence of side effects might depend greatly on individual factors.View full abstractDownload PDF (1654K) -
Hiroaki YAMANAGA1990 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 28-34
Published: February 28, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe power spectrum technique was used to quantitatively anaylyze tremor in healthy subjects. The spectrum of physiological tremor was recorded from the outstretched index finger of three hundreds and forty healthy subjects between 3 and 86 years old. The power spectrum patterns of the tremor frequency were divided into seven groups. Among the healthy subjects, 46.1% had a peak frequency of tremor. A high percentage of children had no peak frequency, a high percentage of the 80 year old group had a peak frequency. The mean peak frequency of tremor was 9, 469Hz. Correlation between age and peak tremor frequency was siginificant. (r=0.616, p<0.001, Y=11, 3198-0.042X, Y=peak frequency X=age) The mean peak tremor frequency of healthy subjects below the age of 40 was about 10 Hz with no evidence of decline in frequency. However, there was a steady decline in mean tremor peak frequency in healthy subjects over 50 years old (9.032 Hz at 50 years, 8.184 Hz at 60, 7.502 Hz at 70, 6.847 Hz at 80) . This indicates that the frequency of physiological tremor decreases with age. Serial tremor analysis every hour during the day for six days revealed no changes in power spectrum patterns of tremor frequency.View full abstractDownload PDF (5194K) -
Yasuo SHIMIZU, Hideo TOMOMATSU, Keiko ARAI1990 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 35-47
Published: February 28, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this study, the theory and procedures of the 60 dB fitting method, a method of hearing aid fitting for profoundly hearing-impaired children, were examined and its validity is discussed in terms of (1) actual hearing and (2) actual speech of profoundly impaired children. The following findings were obtained. 1. Even if the hearing threshold when using small size earphones was at 80 dB SPL, the dynamic range of hearing was about 20 dB and could be as narrow as 10 dB. The dynamic range of hearing was markedly narrow when the hearing threshold was severe and the frequency was high. 2. The subjects' threshold for wearing hearing aids was around 60 dB SPL. 3. Even severely impaired children improved their scores in word intelligibillity tests and consonant intelligibillty tests, probably due to the effects of early education and advances of in hearing aid quality. It was also found that, if the threshold for wearing hearing aid was at 60 dBSPL, word intelligibillty scores were verey good. This could validate the 60 dB fitting method as a method of hearing aid fitting. 4. Speech intelligibillity test scores were greatly improved. This might imply progress in the auditory education in the practical use of hearing aids by using the fitting method that we had been using.View full abstractDownload PDF (1493K) -
Masahide KOYAMA, Takako SUGIMURA, Satoshi TADA1990 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 48-66
Published: February 28, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was conducted to determine the effects of different protein levels in diet on methylmercury intoxication and mercury accumulation in the organs when methylmercury was continuously administered in the diet to female Wistar rats for 15 months at a low dose level. Three kinds of basal diets were prepared : high-protein (53 % milk casein) diet, standard (20 % milk casein) diet and low-protein (5 % milk casein) diet. Three dose groups (20 animals in each) were structured in each of these basal diet groups : (1) control group, (2) 5 ppm methyl mercury chloride (MMC) group, (3) 5 ppm MMC+2 ppm sodium selenite (MMC+Se) group. Different levels of protein content in the diet did not change the growth rate of the animals, but administration of methylmercury considerably decreased the growth rate. Four rats from the MMC group in the low-protein diet developed neurogical signs of methylmercury poisoning (hindlegs-crossing and impairment of gait), whereas none of those signs were observed in animals from the MMC+Se group on the same low-protein diet. These facts suggest that a protein deficient diet causes toxicity of methylmercury to increase and selenium in the diet contributes to reducing the toxicity. There was no significant difference in total mercury accumulation in kidneys from the three groups with different protein levels, but the MMC group on the low-protein diet had the highest concentration of methylmercury in the kidneys. Total and methylmercury concentrations in brain and liver were at the highest levels in the low-protein diet groups and at the lowest levels in the high-protein diet groups. Moreover, the concentrations were higher in the MMC+Se groups than in the MMC groups.View full abstractDownload PDF (8146K) -
Akinori SHIMADA, Yukinori KURAOKA, Fumiyo TAKEDA, Kunio KONNO, Keizo S ...1990 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 67-75
Published: February 28, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMethionine enkephalin (Met-Enk) is considered to function as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator. It is interesting and important to study the Met-Enk levels in the CNS and other tissues during stress. In this paper we examined changes of Met-Enk and catecholamine induced in the rat adrenal gland, corpus striatum and pituitary by cold water stress. Met-Enk was measured by RIA, and catecholamine was assayed by HPLC-ECD. After 30 min and 3 hr of cold water stress, Met-Enk in an acid extract of the adrenal gland was increased to 2 times that of the control. However, after 15 hr stress was Met-Enk almost the same as that of the control. Changes of Met-Enk in the striatum and pituitary had a different pattern. Met-Enk increase in both tissues depended on the duration and severity of the stress. Met-Enk increased continuously with time of cold water stress, and when the stress was changed from that due to cold water to that due to ice-cold water, Met-enk contents increased further in both tissues. To find the mechanism of different responsivilty to severe stress in the adrenal gland and striatum, the processing of Met-Enk in both tissues after 15 hr cold water stress was studied. After acid extracts were chromatographed on Sephadex G-75 column, Met-Enk in each fraction was measured following trysin and carboxypeptidase B treatment. In the striatum Met-Enk immunoreactivity was found in the high molecular weight fraction, in the middle size fraction, and in the small molecular size fraction. This suggests universal synthesis and processing of Met-Enk in the striatum under this kind of stress. In the adrenal gland, high Met-Enk immunoreactivity (MEI) was observed in the high molecular weight fraction, but the MEI in the middle size and low molecular weight fractions was very low, suggesting the inhibition of Met-Enk processing from its precursor. Epinephrine and norepinephrine contents in adrenal gland were not changed by stress tolerance, but tyrosine hydroxylase activity and dopamine concentration were markedly increased.View full abstractDownload PDF (1018K) -
Masayuki HIROMOTO, Akira YASUI, Yoshiaki NISHIDA, Kazuhide KUMAGAI, Yu ...1990 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 76-81
Published: February 28, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe conducted a clinico-histopathological investigation on 18 cases of gastric cancer with coexisting intra-gastric lesions. Most cases of gastric cancer that were complicated by gastric ulcers were the excavated type. Well and poorly differentiated types were, basically, equally represented. Almost all coexisting ulcers were U1-II or U1-IlI types, and most of them were scars. The cancers were usually located on the pyloric side of the ulcers. All cases of gastric cancer that were complicated by duodenal ulcers were the excavated type. The cancers existed in the antrum. Coexisting ulcers were either U1-III or U1-IV, indicating deep invasion. Gastric cancers complicated with ATP were mostly elevated types, which tended to be situated slightly oral position from those complicated by gastric ulcers. The depth of invasion in all cases was mucosal, the histopathological type of which was well differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma. Only one case of gastric cancer had a polyp. As a result, gastric cancer complicated with coexisting intra-gastric lesions tended to grow, and imitate the form of the coexisting lesions. Most cases of gastric cancers with coexisting lesions were in the early stages. It is thus necessary to discover gastric cancer as soon as possible by thorough and periodic observation and follow-up, not only of the lesions themselves, but of other parts of the stomach.View full abstractDownload PDF (2091K) -
CREATINE KINASE BB ISOENZYME AND NEURON-SPECIFIC ENOLASE LEVELS IN CHILDREN WITH NEUROLOGIC DISEASESJunichi FURUSHO, Masaru TATSUNO1990 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 82-90
Published: February 28, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe examined creatine kinase BB (CK-BB) isoenzyme and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels by radioimmunoassay in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 50 children with neurologic diseases. Especially, we repeatedly examined 17 children with meningitis, and obtained the following results : (1) In patients with meningitis and CNS Lupus, CK-BB levels in CSF were elevated. NSE levels in CSF were also elevated in patients with meningitis. (2) In 4 patients with bacterial meningitis, CK-BB levels in CSF were elevated during the active state, but soon became normal in convalescence. However NSE levels in CSF were not elevated significantly more than in the control group, in any state. (3) In 13 patients with aseptic meningitis, CK-BB levels in CSF were also elevated in the active state, but soon became normal. On the other hand, NSE levels in CSF were not greately elevated in the acute state, but increased slightly in the convalescent state, in many cases. These results suggest that CK-BB in CSF might be a useful marker of neurologic disease.View full abstractDownload PDF (1021K) -
Kinichiro KOKUDAI, Akira YASUI, Yoshiaki NISHIDA, Kazuhide KUMAGAI, Yu ...1990 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 91-94
Published: February 28, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTen cases of gallstone after gastrectomy were analytically investigated for the past 6 years in our institute. 1) Diseases reguiring gastrectomy were gastric carcinoma in 7 and gastric ulcer in 3 cases. 2) Operations for gastric cancers included total gastrectomy in 2 cases, subtotal gastrectomy in 4, and distal partial gastrectomy in one case. For gastric ulcers, distal partial gastrectomy was performed. 3) The time to discovery of gallstones after gastrectomy in cancer cases ranged from 1 year to 9 years ; 3 of 7 cases were within 3 years. Times in the ulcer cases were 27 and 30 years. 4) The gallstones were located, in the gallbladder in 10 cases, in the common bile duct in 6 cases, and in the intrahepatic bile duct in one. 5) There were 6 calcium bilirubinate stones in five postoperative analyses, and cholesterol stones in one. 6) Gallstones were were found by US in 7 cases, PTC in 2 and ERCP in one cases.View full abstractDownload PDF (2287K) -
Nobuhiro KOJIMA, Youichi KARASAWA1990 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 95-99
Published: February 28, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 60-year-old man came to our hospital for abdominal expansion and hypogastralgia as CC. A 7 × 5 cm smooth-surfaced, mobil mass with tenderness was palpable in the right hypogastric region. Ultrasonography produced an image of a 3.5 × 8.0 cm cyst in the same region, and enema disclosed a cecal smooth-surfaced, protuberant lesion without appendix. Laparotomy comfirmed a swollen appendix (long diameter, 11 cm, 5 of which penetrated intracecally) . Ileocecal resection revealed citrine, a semitransparent jelly in the cyst. Pathological examination diagnosed this as mucocele. The occurrence of this disease involves 1) obstruction of the appendicular lumen, 2) myxopoiesis of the appendicular mucosa and 3) sterility of the conten. Histologically, it is classified into 1) atrophic mucosa, 2) hyperplastic mucosa, 3) mucinous cystadenoma and 4) mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, and it occurs in 0.08-4.0 % of appendectomized patients in Japan. Complications include ileus, intusseption and pseudomyxoma peritonei due to perforative mucinous cystadenocarcinoma. Early total cystectomy is the indicated treatment.View full abstractDownload PDF (3963K) -
Jun NAWATA, Yuko KAKO, Yuji SHINZATO, Junichi FURUSHO, Makoto HASEGAWA1990 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 100-104
Published: February 28, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn 8-year-old boy was admitted because of abdominal pain and vomiting for four days. Acute peritonitis was the initial diagnosis. He was operated on, but no special problem was found in the abdominal cavity. Our diagnosis of primary peritonitis was a result of streptococcus pyrogenes in the culture of ascitic fluid. Therapy was started with antibiotics, but high fever and abdominal pain persisted. On the 11th day of the illness, ultrasonography provided a high echo area around the bladder. On the 12th day, the high signal intensity band of the pelvic extraperitoneal space was visualized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and diagnosis was determined to be pelvic cellulitis. The pelvic cellulitis was improved by aggressive antibiotic therapy. MRI was useful for evaluating pelvic cellulitis and retroperitoneal abscess.View full abstractDownload PDF (2151K) -
Hiroshi SUZUKI, Akira YASUI, Yoshiaki NISHIDA, Kazuhide KUMAGAI, Yutak ...1990 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 105-110
Published: February 28, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe report a resected distal bile duct carcinoma with the problem of cancer of the pancreas head region. A 71 year-old male was admitted with severe jaundice. Preoperative diagnosis showed distal bile duct carcinoma by an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram (ERCP), a pericutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram (PTC), an abdominal angiogram, ultrasonic examination and cytology of the bile juice. From the cut surface of a resected specimen, we recognized pancreas head cancer expanded and growing into the normal pancreas tissue. Histopathological examination showed distal bile duct carcinoma as a result of findings that the center of the cancer nest was inclined to bile duct, the main tumor grew up to the intrabile duct, and there was cancer in situ on the bile duct wall. This case was indicated as stage IV of the general rules for surgical study of cancer of the biliary tract, and stage II of the rules for surgical and pathological studies of cancer of the pancreas. Carcinoma of the pancreas head region with indistinct occurrence is an extremely serious problem.View full abstractDownload PDF (6484K) -
Hisashi OKA, Yasuo ISHIDA, Kiyoto ASAKAWA, Yoshiya KANESIRO, Junkichi ...1990 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 111-114
Published: February 28, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe report here a patient with adenocarcinoma of the appendix. The patient, a 72 year old lady, complained of discomfort after evacuating urine. Although this is most commonly present with signs of acute appendicitis, this patient was had on a overial cyst which was diagnosed by examinations, echograms and other means. At the operation, the cystic tumor was diagnosed as a benign mucinous cystic tumor with so the surgical procedure was appendectomy. However, mucinous adnocarcinoma was found in the cystic wall after operation. Usually, for patient such as this, surgical intervention is performed immediately after the first operation. But the patient refused a second operation. Diagnosis of cystic disease of the appendix is an easy preopeative diagnosis by CT and echogram image examination. However, it is too difficult to diagnose cancer that is part of the wall. So that frozen examination is recommended at the operation. This patient is very healthy with no recurrence up to the present time.View full abstractDownload PDF (2152K)
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