Journal of The Showa Medical Association
Online ISSN : 2185-0976
Print ISSN : 0037-4342
ISSN-L : 0037-4342
Volume 66, Issue 1
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
  • [in Japanese]
    2006 Volume 66 Issue 1 Pages 1-11
    Published: February 28, 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Mitsushi TAKEDA, Yuichiro ARAI, Tomoko NAGAI, Hajime YASUHARA, Mamoru ...
    2006 Volume 66 Issue 1 Pages 12-21
    Published: February 28, 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Swallowing accidents involving coin-type lithium batteries or button-type alkali batteries often occur in children. After the swallowed battery contacts the same area of the digestive tract for long periods, an alkali solution is produced from electrolysis of the digestive solution and the electrolytic solution of the battery resulting in necrosis. This experiment was conducted in an effort to determine how to protect or reduce necrosis in these accidents. Dogs were divided into two groups. A coin-type battery was placed on the esophagus in the control group (n=3) . For the group treated with graphite suspension (n=3), a 5% graphite suspension in saline was infused at the same time as battery application (n=1), and the graphite suspension was infused to the same place one minute after application of the battery (n=2) . Sixty minutes after battery insertion, necrosis was microscopically observed in the tunica muscularis from the epithelium. However, necrosis was not observed when the graphite suspension and the battery were applied at the same time. Furthermore, when the graphite suspension was infused one minute after battery insertion, necrosis was less observed only in tunica muscularis from the epithelium. This demonstrates that graphite suspension infused to the esophagus shorted the battery circuits and had a protective effect. With accidental swallowing of a battery, the infusion of 5% graphite suspension in saline to surround the battery might be much more effective as an emergent treatment until the patients is transported to the hospital.
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  • Naoki ARAO, Yoshinori ITO, Noriyoshi SUMIYA, Tadashi HISAMITSU
    2006 Volume 66 Issue 1 Pages 22-28
    Published: February 28, 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Artificial graft substitutes are widely used in the reconstruction of bone defects. Their advantages include reduced time for surgery and no need for a donor. On the other hand, there are disadvantages such as infection risk and tissue affinity. Calcium phosphate paste (CPP) is an artificial graft substitute that becomes a self-hardening paste when powder and liquid are mixed and converts in vivo into hydroxyapatite. CPP, commercially available since 2000 has high tissue affinity, can be formed into the desired shape during surgery, and is converted gradually in vivo into biological tissue: thus, its use is increasing in the fields of orthopedic surgery and maxillofacial surgery. In this study, we created a defect in the cranial coronal suture in rats in the growing phase, and studied the histological and morphological effects of filling the defect with CPP. Histological examination indicated that the CPP was present without any gaps with the surrounding bone tissue and became incorporated into bone tissue over time with no osseous fusion in the surrounding bone tissue. The animals without CPP showed osseous fusion at the site of the suture defect. Morphological examination indicated that when compared to the animals without CPP, the animals treated with CPP showed significantly fewer effects on the growth of the cranium surrounding the site of the CPP filling. This study indicates that CPP is an extremely useful artificial graft substitute for use on the skull during the growth phase.
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  • Kazumi NAKAYAMA, Mahiro TERADA, Yoshiharu HOSHIYAMA, Takahiro SUGAWARA ...
    2006 Volume 66 Issue 1 Pages 29-37
    Published: February 28, 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    We conducted a survey to clarify the relationship between character and academic performance of nursing students before/after clinical training prospectively. We adopted the questionnaire of STAI, Locus of Control, and Life-Events Scale and analyzed the data by multiple regression analysis. The results showed that the academic performance was closely related to internal type of Locus of Control. This is to say, nursing students who had an internal type of Locus of Control had better academic results than the students who had an external type. In addition, the type of state anxiety in the STAI was significantly related to the academic performance in the fundamentals of nursing and maternity nursing courses, as well as the total score. The type of Locus of Control altered between external and internal before and after clinical training, signifying that the type of Locus of control may reverse itself through education.
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  • —Considerations for Promotion of Voluntary HIV Testing and Counseling (=HIV-VCT) —
    Tomoko TACHIBANA
    2006 Volume 66 Issue 1 Pages 38-46
    Published: February 28, 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In recent years the reported numbers of newly registered HIV-infected carriers and AIDS patients have been slowly increasing (HIV AIDS trend survey) . HIV infection is now considered to be incurable and to be a sexually transmitted chronic infection. This study identifies the characteristics of a “too soon” tested group in relation to the “appropriate” interval between the occasion when infection may have occurred and HIV testing (=“worry test interval”) . The study design is an analysis of HIV-VCT center surveillance data in Tokyo, 2000-2002, by logistic regression analysis. The data are Responses of questionnaires from visitors whose serum-status results were out negative in the VCT center. The group in which the worry test interval was “90 days to less than 1 year” was defined as the appropriate group, and the “less than 90 day” group (=S group) were subjected to the logistic regression analysis. The total number of respondents was 21, 406 (appropriate group 63.5%, S group 18.3%) . The results of the analysis showed that the S group was characterized by “teens”and “homosexual activity, ” and the risk of too early testing was found to increase with “higher cumulative number of testings” and “lower frequency of condom use”. For the “too soon” tested group, it is essential that adequate opportunities for counseling be provided before and after the test is performed and upon disclosure of the test results, in order to erase or alleviate worries about having contracted the infection. We might assume various behavior patterns for HIV testing and counseling.
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  • Takahiro UMEMOTO, Mikio MAKUUCHI, Sei TAKEUCHI
    2006 Volume 66 Issue 1 Pages 47-51
    Published: February 28, 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A 69-year-old man had a checkup to a neighboring hospital in September 25th, 2002 because of having been a right lower abdominal pain for three days. It was diagnosed as acute appendicitis. Then he was prescribed medicine for it and came home. After he returned to a house, the pain appeared again. He went back to the hospital and was transported to our hospital for the purpose of a surgery. An abdominal X-rays didn't show any free air and abnormal shadow. An abdominal Computed Tomography (CT) examination revealed a low density mass in the cecum, and a linear high density was recognized inside. The patient was diagnosed preoperatively as perforation of the small intestine by fish bone and then urgently underwent surgery on same day. At laparotomy the absess was found out, which was formed after the fish bone perforated the small intestine. Then a partial resection of small intestine was done. As for this case, a preoperative diagnosis was possible by medical history hearing from a patient and careful interpretation of CT image.
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  • Kentaro NAKAO, Akira TSUNODA, Koji TAKENAKA, Koji MOROHARA, Naoto SUZU ...
    2006 Volume 66 Issue 1 Pages 52-56
    Published: February 28, 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A 75-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was admitted to our hospital because of severe anemia. The patient had taken nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for 28 years for RA pain. Colonoscopic findings showed some diaphragm-like stenosis of the right hemicolon. The clinical course of the patient suggested that the ulcers were induced by NSAIDs. We performed right hemicolectomy and the patients QOL improved without recurrence.
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