The effect of sex hormones on the thrombocytopoietic function was studied in rabbits with a view to clarification of the cause of thrombocytopenia observed in the preceding study during pregnancy and after progesterone therapy in threatened abortion.
1) The rate of megakaryocytic platelet formation in the bone marrow decreased by 0 to 60 per cent after administration of estrogen (Es) and/or progesterone (Pr), as compared to the pretreatment level.
2) Administration of Es was noted to be followed by a decrease in the number of megacaryocytes in the bone marrow while the effect of Pr was obscure.
3) A marked diminution of platelet count of the peripheral blood occurred after ad-ministration of Es and Pr in combination. With either hormone given alone, nevertheless, no constant trend of change in the peripheral platelet count was observed to exist.
The findings for platelet counts and clot retraction rates obtained in the pregnant and inr the parturient in these clinical studies thus determine a part of the cause of maternal thrombocytopenia.

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1) Determination of the galactose in urine was newly investigated by the presentation of both galactose and other sugars.
2) Two methods were used for this study. One of them was the so-called yeast fermentation reductometry (Somogyi-Nelson) . The other was the so-called MT fermentation M-cup-plate method (microbioassay) building inhibitionzone on the agarplate.
3) When the urine was treated with Lloyd reagent and the proper deproteinization was run, the absorbance obtained was mostly alike to those of the control value of the same concentration and was easy to read theresults. But when the urine was diluted, the endpoint of galactose was lowered to 80 γ/ml or more.
4) To divide the value of absorbance of mingled sugar by that of the standard galactose solution was convenient to compare the results.
5) When the urine sample was treated with L'loyd reagent, and further was diluted with distilled water, inhibitionzone built appeared quite clear-cut. In this case endpoint to react was 2γ/0.1 ml in original urine and 1γ/0.1 ml in control aqueous solution. The value of the urine did not show any remarkable change throughout the experiment.
6) Galactose action against M was interfered slightly by the urine of the concentration of near endpoint.
7) Yeast ferments galactose in the urine producing acid and gas in 24 hrs incubation, but not in such short duration as 5-6 hrs. This character of yeast has been utilized for the fermentation of eliminating the mingled sugar leaving galactose.
8) Galactose action against M was interfered by the presence of excess dosis of glucose, arabinose or fructose in the urine medium. Xylose and rhamnose showed no interference against galactose in the same experimental condition.
9) The fermentation pattern of MT was larger than those of yeast. Further-more it did not ferment galactose in one night culture in the urine. It was convenient for the fermentation of mingled sugar in galactose.
10) There was no need to eliminate the mingled sugar in the cup-plate method, even if the amount was 7 or 8 times over galactose dose. This amount of sugar did not exhibit any active infuence over the size of the inhibitionzone.
11) In the reductometry complete elimination of the mingled sugar was required.
12) The fermentation pattern of the yeast was narrower than that of MT. Reducing sugar which the yeast did not utilize was not eliminated. Therefore, the value of absorbance of the mingled sugar might be added to that of galactose.
13) Reductometry was the method for the determination of reducing sugar including galactose. On the contrary cup-plate method was the one mainly used for the determination of free galactose.

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Statistical observations were made of 46 congenital heart disease with special referenceto autopsy findings in Ist Dep. of Pathology, Showa University, during the period 1959 to 1968.
A few relevant literature were reviewed.

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