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Volume 56 (1996)
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Volume 56, Issue 2
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
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[in Japanese]1996 Volume 56 Issue 2 Pages 117-124
Published: April 28, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (16800K) -
Kazuo HANAKAWA, Tadashi HISAMITSU1996 Volume 56 Issue 2 Pages 125-132
Published: April 28, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHuman neuropathic pain syndromes are characterized by several kinds of abnormal pain sensations. The mechanisms responsible for neuropathic pain are poorly understood. Therefore, our ability to treat them is often unsatisfactory. Recently, useful animal models of several type of neuropathic pain have been developed, and many experimental results using these models have also been obtained. Characteristics of animal models and several findings that have already made important contributions to our understanding of neuropathic pain and helped in the search for effective therapy are reviewed here.View full abstractDownload PDF (1186K) -
Chongmin JIN, Hulong LIU, Kei KOBASHIGAWA, Hideo SAKAMOTO, Masanobu WA ...1996 Volume 56 Issue 2 Pages 133-139
Published: April 28, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe used the Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method to measure clusterin concentrations in the sera and seminal fluid of 88 infertile men. We also investigated changes in the clusterin concentration in the seminal fluid after ejaculation. The results were as follows. 1. No significant differences in serum clusterin concentration were found among patients with normozoospermia/ (N group), oligozoospermia/ (O group), idiopathic azoospermia/ (IA group) and obstructed azoospermia/ (OA group) . 2. The clusterin concentration in seminal fluid changed with the passage of time in cases with or without sperm. The clusterin concentration declined marked in each group after ejaculation. However, there were no significant differences in the changes in clusterin concentration with the passage of time among the different groups. 3. The clusterin concentration in the seminal fluid among all cases was 5.9 fold higher than that in serum 30 minutes after ejaculation, 3.5 fold higher 1 hour after ejaculation, and 2.5 fold higher 2 hours after ejaculation. 4. No significant differences were observed between the clusterin concentration and the IgG concentration in the seminal fluid with the passage of time. These results suggest that the decreases in clusterin concentration in the seminal fluid with the passage of time might be the result of formation of complexes with complement factors, of clusterin degradation, or of interaction with other substances. The mechanism of the clusterin decreases in seminal fluid should be studied further.View full abstractDownload PDF (824K) -
Masami WAKITA1996 Volume 56 Issue 2 Pages 140-152
Published: April 28, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFemoral antetorsion is usually measured radiographically. The axial projection method was developed at Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital in 1979 and performed as follows. The patient sits on a board that is inclined 10 degrees on the X-ray table with 90-degree hip flexion and 90-degree knee flexion. The X-ray beam is projected axially, from the knee to the femoral head, onto the X-ray film. The lower half of the film placed inside the orthoscreens is covered on both sides by black paper, which allows simultaneous views of the femoral head and condyle. The antetorsion angle is easily measured from a radiograph with method. This method was used on 62 patients (2 to 10 years of age) . Through clinical and fundamental studies, the author has concluded that this method is theoretically sound and clinically useful.View full abstractDownload PDF (7951K) -
Hiroyuki SUZUKI1996 Volume 56 Issue 2 Pages 153-167
Published: April 28, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to investigate the growth of the nasomaxillary complex and nose in patients with cleft lip or palate or both by measuring the angle between the nasal dorsal line and the auricular attaching line. Subjects were 702 patient with unilateral cleft lip, 30 with unilateral cleft lip and palate, and 19 with bilateral cleft lip or palate or both. Subjects ranged in age from 3 months to adult. The results were as follows :
1) The angle between the nasal dorsal line and the auricular attaching line in case of unilateral cleft lip was higher in female patients older than 14 years but was lower in male patients. This growth pattern is abnormal.
2) In patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate the angle was smaller than in patients with other types of cleft after the age of 15 years. This finding is compatible with results of cephalometric studies of facial growth in cases of unilateral cleft lip and palate.
3) In patients with bilateral clefts the angle was smaller than in patients with unilateral cleft lip but larger than in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate. This finding is also compatible with results of cephalometric studies too.
The angle between the nasal dorsal line and the auricular attaching line is characteristic of cleft type and indicates the pattern of facial growth.
The angle between the auricular attaching line and the auricular long axis line was greater than normal in all cleft groups. This angle is characteristic of the morphology of cleft patients' ear.View full abstractDownload PDF (1359K) -
-Formation, Shape, and Patient Pref erences-Seong Hoon HWANG1996 Volume 56 Issue 2 Pages 168-174
Published: April 28, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAt least 61% of clinic visitors hope to have double eyelid fold surgery. Owing to the high interest in this surgery, I often have difficulty determining whether the surgery should be done, and if so, in what way. To respond to the increasing awareness and desires of people and to increase the quality of surgery, I investigated the formation of double eyelid folds in Korean women in their 20s and surveyed their awareness and preferences of cosmetic surgery. (1) I investigated the formation, shape, and preferences of double eyelid folds of 732 women in their 20s living in Seoul and one regional city (Table 2) . (2) The rate of formation of double eyelid folds in Korean women in their 20s was 53.8%, which was lower than the Japanese women's rate of 69.2% at the same age (Table 3) . (3) Of those with folds, 60.4% had the “increasingly broadened” types and 36% had the “paralle” types. This is similar to the situation in Japan, where the “increasingly broadened” type is common among people up to their 20s (Table 4) . (4) Of patients who had had surgery, 94.1% were operated on in a plastic surgery clinic. Only 37% of respondents intended to undergo plastic surgery, but 72.5% had a positive and favorable attitude about letting their future children undergo the surgery. The “parallel” type, which has a narrow fold width, was the preferred type of eyelid fold.View full abstractDownload PDF (737K) -
Futoshi YOSHIDA1996 Volume 56 Issue 2 Pages 175-182
Published: April 28, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn reconstruction of the finger nail, the size of the finger nail in relation to the finger tip, as reflected by the dimensions of the distal phalanx and the distal finger, is important. The subjects of this study were 32 .Japanese patients, 23 men and 9 women. The length and width of three structures … the exposed nail (from the distal end of the eponychium to the distal end of the hyponychium), the distal portion of the finger (from the distal finger crease to the finger tip), and the distal phalanx (as measured on radiographs) … were measured in all fingers of each subject.
Standard ratios of the lengths and widths of each finger were determined by comparing the dimensions of the exposed nail with those of the distal portion of the finger and the distal phalanx. The reconstruction of finger nails should be investigated in accordance with these standard ratios. The resulting ratios show that the nail of the thumb tends to be smaller than the distal phalanx and the surrounding tissue, and that the thumb is, in general, sturdily. The nails of the index finger and middle finger of the right hand tend to be longer than the nail of the thumb because they are useful for scratching.View full abstractDownload PDF (713K) -
Masahiko TATSUMI1996 Volume 56 Issue 2 Pages 183-189
Published: April 28, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe investigated immune function in 41 patients with chronic schizophrenia (19 men, 22 women, 46.2±7.9 years old) who were psychiatric inpatients for at least 1 year. Patients were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and divided into two groups : a more severe schizophrenia group and a less severe schizophrenia group.
The mean percentages of CD3 and CD4 cells and the ratio of CD4/CD8 cells of schizophrenic patients were lower than those of healthy controls (6 men, 7 women, 40.3±14.8 years old) . The mean lymphocyte count of patients with less severe schizophrenia was higher than that of patients with more severe schizophrenia and that of healthy controls. The mean percentages of CD3 and CD25 cells of patients with more severe schizophrenia were lower than those of patients with less severe schizophrenia and those of healthy controls. The mean percentages of CD8 cells of patients with less severe schizophrenia was higher than that of patients with more severe schizophrenia.
There was no apparent relationship between the duration of drug therapy or the blood concentration of haloperidol and immune function. The daily equivalent haloperidol dose was negatively correlated with mean IgG concentration (P <0.05) and positively correlated with the mean percentages of CD8 cells (P <0.05) .
Our findings suggest that schizophrenic patients have cellular immune dysfunction and that the immune dysfunction affects various cytokines, including IL-2. The effect of antipsychotic drugs on the immune function in schizophrenic patients requires future investigation.View full abstractDownload PDF (823K) -
-The Aging Neck-Junko HARA, Yasuo SHIMIZU1996 Volume 56 Issue 2 Pages 190-200
Published: April 28, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe cervicomental angle was previously measured by Shimizu in Japanese women in their 20s with the Frankfort plane in the horizontal position and the neck in maximal extension. In the present study, we employed the same measuring method in subjects aged 15 to 64 years to classify the morphology of the neck, to measure the cevicomental angle, and to study changes with aging. The neck was classified as type I when the chin was not doubled and the neck line was clear, as type II when the chin was not doubled and the neck line was not clear, as type III when the chin was doubled and the neck line was clear, and as type IV when the chin was doubled and the neck line was not clear. Measurements of 267 subjects with the Frankfort plane in the horizontal position and the neck in maximal extension showed no correlation between cervicomental angle and age. Subjects were classified as type I, 165; type II, 38; type III, 25; and type IV, 39. The number of subjects, with type I neck shape decreased sharply from 35 to 40 years of age, suggesting that this age group is a border-line where changes with aging of the neck occur. The size of the angle by type was type III < type I < type IV < type II, with the difference between type I and the other types being significant. Our findings disagree with the theories that the angle in the doubled-chined type III is smaller than that in the morphologically beautiful type I and that the cervicomental angle becomes larger with aging. In studying age-related changes of the neck, therefore, evaluation should be made on the basis not of the values measured but of morphology.View full abstractDownload PDF (1060K) -
Takuya OHNO1996 Volume 56 Issue 2 Pages 201-212
Published: April 28, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAmong various factors that affect fracture healing, the condition of the periosteum and dynamic effects have remained obscure. Fracture healing requires callus formation and subsequent bone maturation, which are considered separate processes. In this study, we performed a histomorphologic investigation to clarify the role of the periosteum and its relation to mechanical stimulation in the fracture healing process. We studied callus formation in the initial stage of fracture healing. Transverse fractures were made in the tibia of rabbits with a saw and repaired with a plate. Rabbits were divided into three groups : 1) a no periosteum group (NP group), 2) a preservation of periosteum, non-invasive group (PNI group), and 3) a preservation of periosteum, invasive group (PI group) . We also prepared the following two subgroups : 1) a rigid stability group and a 2) nonrigid (micromovement) group. A control group was prepared in which a fracture was made manually under anesthesia and fixed with gypsum. In this study, better callus formation was observed in the PI and PNI groups than in the NP group. Callus formation was promoted in the group given micro-movement mechanical stimulation. Callus formation occurred earlier in the group in which detached, invasive stimulation was applied to the periosteum. Callus formation was promoted in the gypsum-fixation group due to mechanical stimulation and sufficient invasive stimulation. In all groups, only woven bone formation was seen, but bone maturation was not seen. In conclusion, callus formation is promoted by various periosteal stimuli, including mechanical stimulation through micromovement and invasive stimulation. In bone maturation, the remodeling of callus is promoted by another process (dynamization) .View full abstractDownload PDF (18170K) -
Teru KAWAMATA, Jiro KUWAZAWA, Kazuo HANAKAWA, Kiyoshi MATSUMOTO, Tohru ...1996 Volume 56 Issue 2 Pages 213-218
Published: April 28, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe report a rare case of traumatic cavernous sinus aneurysm, treated with internal carotid artery trapping and superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery double anastomoses.
A 23-year-old man was admitted with disturbance of consciousness and epistaxis after a bicycle accident. On the first admission, the patient was noted to be confused. A fracture of the frontal base of the skull and an acute epidural hematoma of the left temporal lobe were diagnosed, treated conservatively for 2 weeks.
On the day after discharge, the patient was readmitted owing to severe epistaxis. Angiography revealed a left cavernous sinus (internal carotid artery) aneurysm that had been caused by original accident. The patient was treated with internal carotid artery trapping of the anterior part of the opthalmic artery and superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery double anastomoses. After the operation, the patient was discharged with a residual left visual field defect.
Unlike most reported cases, this case was manifested only by epistaxis and not by other symptoms, such as optic nerve palsy.View full abstractDownload PDF (4037K) -
A Comparison by Findings on Magnetic Resonance AngoographyKazuo HANAKAWA, Hisato IKEDA, Takanobu IWATA, Kiyoshi MATSUMOTO1996 Volume 56 Issue 2 Pages 219-224
Published: April 28, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecent advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) provide many advantages in diagnostic radiology. Unruptured aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations can be diagnosed with MRI and MRA. Recently, the incidence of such cases at our hospital has increased. However, MRI and MRA are not fully reliable; both false positive and false negative results may be obtained. In this report, we present these cases and discuss some problems about brain dock. In 1994, four patients were required re-examination with MRA. Three had had false positive results on previous examination. Because MRA is not always diagnostic, we always perform cerebral angiography as well. New techniques of MRA are more sensitive ; but because MRA equipment is expensive, old techniques cannot easily be changed for new. Indeed, MRA equipment is not standardized among hospitals. We believe that criteria for the diagnosis of brain check up (brain dock) must be established. We also believe that the proper training of radiology technicians and radiologists is a necessity.View full abstractDownload PDF (5607K) -
Susumu ANDO, Ryugen RI, Masahiko MURAKAMI, Sadatsugu AIDA, Yoshihiro F ...1996 Volume 56 Issue 2 Pages 225-228
Published: April 28, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTopical treatments in the acute stage and systemic control are important for corrosive upper digestive tract inflammation, but esophagostenosis as a late complication is also an important problem. W e present a case of corrosive inflammation of the esophagus in which we successfully predicted the late complication of esophagostenosis with results of early endoscopy, with which the extent of ulceration was ascertained. This information was useful for determining curative treatment. The patient was a 38-year-old woman, who was brought to our hospital as an emergency outpatient 30 minutes after ingesting about 250ml of “strong Toilet Look” (4 % NaOH) in a suicide attempt. When the patient was brought to the hospital, her consciousness was clear and there were no abnormal physical findings, but a mucomembrane-like material was observed in the vomitus. Gastric lavage was performed, followed by administration of a mucous-membrane-protective agent and an H2-recepeor antagonist. Endoscopically, erosion and ulceration were observed in many places from the esophagus to the descending portion of the duodenum. In particular, deep ulceration at the esophageal wall 20cm from the upper incisors and the formation of a mucosal bridge were observed, which led to a diagnosis of level-3 esophageal injuly, as defined by Rosenaw et al. Therefore, an effort was made to prevent esophagostenosis by performing local steroid injections. No constriction was seen on esophageal fluoroscopy 8 weeks later. Consequently, the patient was discharged and observed as an outpatient. Esophageal fluoroscopy and esophageal endoscopy 4 weeks after discharge (12 weeks after ingestion) to evaluate feelings of esophageal narrowing with food, revealed a constriction (about 9 mm at the lumen) of the esophagus immediately below the tracheal bifurcation. Therefore, dilation was performed nine times with a Celestin dilator tube, after which the constriction was relieved. The patient continues to make progress after 4 years. Since endoscopy at an early stage of corrosive upper digestive tract inflammation was useful for predicting the late complication of esophagostenosis, preventive local injection of steroids and immediate dilation when esophagostenosis developed were believed to have contributed to the favorable results.View full abstractDownload PDF (2907K) -
Toshiya CHIBA, Osamu SYOUKEI, Masaaki MATSUKAWA, Minoru KURIHARA, Kazu ...1996 Volume 56 Issue 2 Pages 229-233
Published: April 28, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 56 year old man was admitted to our hospital with complaints of jaundice and fever. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed slight dilatation of the common bile duct (CBD) . A stone in the CBD, a tumor in the distal CBD, and a choledocho duodenal fistula were revealed by choledochocystography. Examination of an endoscopic biopsy specimen revealed a papillary adenoma. A specimen obtained at pancreatoduodenectomy contained a papillary tumor of the lower CBD and a choledocho duodenal fistula. Histologic examination revealed adenocarcinoma in adenoma. This case illustrates the malignant potential of adenoma in the biliary tract.View full abstractDownload PDF (3199K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...1996 Volume 56 Issue 2 Pages 234-237
Published: April 28, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (526K)
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