Accident occurring in peridurography were studied on 97 rabbits by the experiments using Urografin, electromyographic examinations, and histopathological observation. The results obtained were as follows :
(1) In peridurography, spinal puncture should be avoided as much as possible. If a cerebrospinal-fluid examination has to precede unavoidably, the peridurography should not be performed until a considerable number of days, or at least 2 weeks have passed following the test.
(2) If any accident occurs unfortunately, it is primarily imperative that the air-passages are first secured, and then spinal or suboccipital puncture performed in order to wash off or eliminate the agent that had leaked into the cerebrospinal fluid.
(3) In view of the intradural injections, as suggested from the results of the experiment on rabbits, a dosage of 0.2 c. c. of contrast medium per kilogram of body weight would be safe and enough to attain the purpose of peridurography.
(4) On the obtained electromyograms, cramps were seen to occur concurrently over the whole body, and the wave patterns were of grouping voltage. This was attributable to the disturbances of the central nerves, coinciding with the pathological findings and the clinical symptoms.
(5) In the surviving rabbit group, hydropic changes and congestion in the meninx became a little severer with the course of time, and atrophy of nerve cells tended to appear correspondingly.
(6) Histolopathologically, acute swelling was recognized in the death group in the Ammon's horn, the gray substance of the telencephalon, and the nerve nuclei of the diencephalon, mainly occurring in the nerve cells of those, areas. Besides, vascular degeneration was sporadically observed.
(7) In the case with severe pathological changes, every cerebral area strongly showed porosis, dilation of the Virchow-Robin space, and hydrops in the subepithelial layer of the cerebral ventricles, all based on the hydropic changec that were seen generally in the cerebral tissues.
(8) In the medulla oblongata and the spinal cord, degenerative changes of circulatory disturbances were marked and became slightly more intensive in the lower portions of the spinal cord.
(9) The pathological changes of the central nervous system occurring in the death group of the present experiment might resemble to the tissue experession due to cramps.
(10) Urografin has been employes as an angiographic medium and results were satisfactory. It has no disturbance to the central nerves and other organs when injected into the blood vessels, and therefore it does not cause so severe disturbances in the blood-brain barrier and the blood-liquor barrier. On the contrary, if injected into the cerebrospinal fluid, this agent produces drastic sympotoms or causes death. If seems that the agent may destroy the liquor-brain barrier and penetrate easily into the central nervous tissue giving rise to a marked disturbance of the central nervous tissue, which would be an important factor in causing death.

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Studies on blood ammonia in the obstetrical field hade been described since 1930, when Bock first reported on this subject. However, the number of reports on this subject are few and the results of the studies are varying.
To examine above varying results closely, this author, conducted measurements of blood ammonia, and blood urea nitrogen, which is closely connected to the first substance, of women who were pregnant, parturient or puerperal. Further, in cases of toxemia of late pregnancy, drugs which are closely related to ammonia disposition in vivo and urea cycle, were administered to examine the relation between their clinical effect and blood ammonia and urea nitrogen. Again, in order to observe the passage of ammonia through the placenta, the ammonia in the cord blood was determined.
In measuring blood ammonia, Seligson's method was employed, and in measuring urea nitrogen, Diacetyl-Monoxime method was used.
The result obtained were as follows :
1. The quantities of blood ammonia in normally pregnant women and in parturient or puerperal women were found to be higher in values compared with those in non-pregnant healthy women. In normally pregnant women, the values were found to rise higher and higher as the time of parturition approached, and, at the first stage of labor, to reach the highest values, but when they entered into puerperal period, they began to fall gradually, and one month after parturition, they recovered the values approximating to those of healthy non-prgnant women.
2. The quantity of blood ammonia in the case of hyperemesis gravidarum or of toxemia of late pregnancy was found to be higher in value than in a normally pregnant woman at the same stage.
3. As the result of a continued investigation of the quantities of blood ammonia, urea nitrogen and the coefficient of hyperemesis gravidarum in patients with hyperemesis gravidarum, it was found that, when the patients received treatment, the values of blood ammonia and urea nitrogen gradually decresed, and the coefficient of hyperemesis gravidarum rapidly decreased.
4. After the patients with hyperemesis gravidarum were given aspartate or ornitine aspartate, the quantities of blood ammonia was found reduced compared with those before treatment. Again, when patients with toxemia of late pregnancy was given aspartate, the quantity of blood ammonia was found to be reduced, showing clinically effective.
5. The quantity of blood ammonia in toxemia of late pregnancy was found the highest in value when this case was serious with the three indicants. The value was the second highest when the case had an indicant of high blood pressure, the third highest when the case had an indicant of albuminurea, and the fourth highest in the case with an indicant of edema.
6. In the case of toxemia of pregnancy, the quantity of blood ammonia at each stage of labor was higher in value than that at each stage in normal parturition, and continued to be high from the first stage of labor till the stage of after-birth, though in normal parturition it falls during the same period. The quantity of urea nitrogen showed no change through all the stages.
7. The quantities of blood ammonia and urea nitrogen at each stage of suction parturition showed higher values as compared with their quantities at each stage of normal parturition.
8. As regards the relation between the length of time needed for parturition and the quantities of blood ammonia and urea nitrogen, no significant change was noticed in the quantities of blood ammonia and urea nitrogen even when the time for the first stage of labor or the expulsion period was prolonged. At the the stage of after-birth, when the period needed for it was prolonged, the value of blood ammonia tended to rise.
9. In the venous blood of the navel cord, approximately the same quantity of blood ammonia as that in the maternal blood was noticed.

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At present, articles on immunity to cancer have become the topic of interest among many physicians. The auther studied the existence of immunity to experimental cancer (Ehrlich's ascites tumor of mice), immunospecifity of tumor cells, and the effects of the combined therapy of immunological procedures and cytotoxic antibiotics.
Results were as follows:
1) Some effect on the prolongation of survival time, were observed even by using of some kinds of protein such as ovialabumin.
2) The survival times in mice were prolonged, when the cancer cells were inoculated after immunization of inactivated cancer cells. In the same manner, an effect on the prolongation of life survival were observed up to a point by passive immunization.
3) The effect of immunization on the prolongation of life in these cases were greater than that of the immunization by liver homoginate of the mouse.
4) A little diff erenc in the effects between the combined therapy of immunization and the single treatment of of each agents was noted.
5) When the gell-diffusion method was applied, a precipitation line was observed between the Ehrlich ascites cancer cell extract, and the antiserum againt of the Ehrlich ascites tumor or its euglsbulin fraction or 7 s-r-globulin fraction. There was also a precipitation line between the antimouce-liver rabbit serum (or its euglobutin fraction) and liver homoginate.: However, no cross-reaction was observed between the cancer cell and the liver cell.
6) In view of the above mentioned, the cancer cell is considered to have an immunological specificity to some extent against the normal cell.
7) A cytolytic phenomen of the Ehrlich ascitis cancer cell was seen not only by the Ehrlich ascites anti-serum and its euglobulin fraction but also to some extent by its pseudoglobulin and albumin fraction. Complements for reaction were necessary in all of these reactions.

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The action of NH₄Cl on the cerebral circulation and the effects of sodium, magnesium or potassium aspartate on the ammonia action in the cerebral circulation were studied and the following results were obtained.
1) When NH₄Cl was injected into vein, the blood pressure (BP) was decreased temporarily while no effects were observed in the cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the cerebral vaso-resistance (CVR) .
2) When NH₄Cl was injected into artery, BP was decreased temporarily and CBF was increased while CVR was decreased.
3) The decrease of CVR caused by the intravenous injection of NH₄Cl was inhibited by the premedication of sodium, magnesium or potassium aspartate.
4) The increase of NH₃level in blood caused by the intravenous injection of NH₄Cl was inhibited by the premedication of sodium, magnesium or potassium aspartate.

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Naphthalin which is known as a methemoglobin forming poisoti was administrated into rabbits with a daily dose of 1.0, 0.3 and 0.1 g/kg, and these rabbits were observed in the following stages acute, early chronic and late chronic.
In the acute stage, vacuolar degeneration, acute swelling, chromatolysis and rarefaction were observed in the cortex of the brain and hyppocampus. In the early chronic stage there was lamellar arrangement of nerve cells showing marked vacuolar degeneration and disappearance of nuclei in the middle zone of the cortex.
This area coincided with the intnsive edema and colliquative change, and demonstrated selective characteristics of necrosis.
In the late chronic stage, there were severe degeneration of nerve cells and liquef ective rarefaction, but these histological changes were distributed diffusely and characteristic lamellar arrangement became vague.
Proliferation of glial cells were demonstrated togather with more marked edematous swelling and surrounding vacuolar changes. Hematologic examination and histologic findings sugested hypoxemia resulting from toxic anemia following naphthalin administration as an important agent for the hypoxic changes in the rabbit brain.

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We used leioplegil suppository on the 37 urological patients, and following results were obtained.
1) Among 27 urological patients who had operation, 22 (81 per cent) were most effective, relatively effective in 3 (11 %) and none effective in 2 (8 %) .
2) The effectiveness against pain by urological examinations were seen in 7 out of 10 cases effective, while none effective in 2 cases and unclear in one.
3) No side-effects were seen by the application of the drug.
4) Differences in the blood pressure between pre- and post application were very slight.
5) Effect of the drug appeared about 30 minuts after the application, lasting about one hour.

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