It has long been known that when one side renal function is impaired or one side nephrectomy is applied by some cause or the other, the remaining kidney shows compensatory hypertrophy. With an intention of knowing the main cause of this hypertrophy, one side nephrectomy was applied on Wister rats and the remaining kidney was subjected to the histological investigation following the lapse of time.
1. No increase was recognized in the number of gromeruli.
2. Histological change were characterized by the hyperplasia and hypertrophy of Bowman's capsule, grommeruli and tubules. The rate of increase in size was rapid for about 40 days after nephrectomy and gradually slowed down thereafter. No significant changes were observed on the interstitial tissue.
3. Following the advance in compensatory renal hypertrophy, the kidney gradually became spheric in shape which might due to the hypertrophy of nephron.

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Employing a total of 29 female dogs, partial nephrectorny was applied (success in 21 and failure in 8 cases) for the observation of the postoperative recovery of renal functions as well as for the observation of the influence, when the operation was given on one side, on the other side of the kidney by individual renal clearance. An investigation was made also on the techniques of operation. In most cases, the suture of the cut surfaces was done by the suture of the fibrous capsule alone. Three different groups were provided, namely, (1) sutures given after insertion of a piece of muscle, (2) sutures given after insertion of a piece of fat, and (3) sutures given without any insertion, for the comparison of the state of recovery in their renal functions. For collection of the separated urine, a balloon catheter of special made was used. For renal clearance test, morever, 20 cc of 10% sodium- p-aminohippurate and 100 cc of 10% sodium thioslfate were given by continuous interavenous instillation the obtain the renal plasma flow (RPF) from the former and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) from the latter. Filtration fraction (FF) was calculated from GFR/RPF and the renal blood flow (RBF) from the formula RPF × 100/100-Ht
Following conclusions were drawn from the finding of the experiments stated above:
1. As preliminary experiment, normal individual clearance was determined. In the right kidney, GFR was 42.38-62.43 cc/min with the mean of 52.38 cc/min with the mean of 52.38 cc/min ; RPF was 218.84-142.37 cc/min with the mean of 179.42 cc/min ; and RBF was 212.49-347.36 cc/min with the mean of 269.36 cd/min While, in the left kidney, GFR was 45. 72-68.52 cc/min with the mean of 57.72 cc/min ; RPF was 161.58.227.52 cc/min with the mean of 192.13 /min ; RBF was 241.16-361.24 cc/min with the mean of 289.26 cc/min indicating that in the dog renal functions of the right kidney are higher than those of the left side.
2. On applying partial nephrectomy, the renal functions become lowest on the 3rd after operation. Improving function gradually thereafter they are restored to the normal values of before operation on the 21st day. Lowering of renal functions similar to the side received operation can also be observed on the normal kidney of the other side, this lowering, however, is much milder than side received operation.
3. Functional lowering of GFR is the lowest in the goup received no insertion.
4. Lowering of the renal function RPF is most remarkable in the group received muscule insertion, and its recovery too is much retard in this group than in the other two groups.
5. Recovery of the renal function RBF is the most retard in the group received fat insertion and even 21 days after operation it was still lower than that before operation.
6. Generally speaking, of the three groups undergone the present experiment, the one received no insertion showed adequate recovery and much milder lowering in renal functions than other groups.

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1) We have observed an almost typical case of Sturge-Weber's disease which was characterized by facial nervus on the right side, exophthalmus and generalized convulsive seizures, but it was not accompanied with retardation of mental development. Jaksonian seizures could not be provoked by useing medimide.
The presence of calcification in the cortex of the right frontal lobe, temporal lobes and occipital lobes on both sides was demonstrated in X-rays, and the sites are collaborated more precisely by tomography.
This finding perfectly corresponds to that of electroencephalogram and it is ascertained that the pathological changes such as angioma and calcification are not always limited to be only on the same side of facial nervus.

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The heart in 7 cases of malignant diphtheria was studied grossly and microscopically. With an intention of clarifying the changes of the heart of diphtheria, experimental study was also done.
Conclusions and results were as follows.
1. The increase in weight of the heart was observed in almost all cases, and the mean increased weight was 40g.
2. The dilatation of the left ventricle was characterisric and in became more marked as the hopital days passed.
3. The myocardial lesion of diphtheria was due to diphtheria toxin.
4. Microscopically, varying degrees of degenerative changes (granular degeneration, hyaline degeneration vacuole degeneration, fatty deseneration) and liquefactive necrosis, myolysis of the muscle fibers were associated with the interstitial changes which developed secondarily to myocardial lesions and they consisted of edema, congestion, histiocytic and lymphocytic infiltration.
In cases of acute course the interstial changes were hardly recognized. Those afore-mentioned changess were noted on the 5th day of illness, the degrees of myocardial lesion progressed as the day passed. They were most prominent on 17th day of illness.
5. Myocardial lesions were noted at the anterior and posterior walls of the left ventricle, especially in the vicinity of the endocardium. The sites of myocardial lesions in diphtheria, therefore, were similar to those in myocardial infarction.
6. The animals used were rabbits and Schick's solution were given by intramuscular injection. In the group received 2 minimal lethal doses of Schick's solution, the same myocardial lesionsas above-mentioned was identified. But in the group received 2 minimal lethal doses of Schicks solution and antiphtheric serum simultaneously, the myocardial changes were not revealed.

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1. In the present experiment, Naphtalene and Sodium-nitrite, which are known as methemoglobin forming poisons, were administered on rabbits either by subcutaneous or intraperitoneal injection, infusion into the stomach or by feeding the diet containing them in a daily dose of 1.0g/kg Naphtalene or 50-60mg/kg Sodium-nitrite for the observation of acute influence and both drugs in a daily dose of 0.3-0.1g/kg for the observation of chronic influence of anoxia on the liver.
2. First, the changes of circulation disturbance caused by the disorder of blood stream or blood components appear followed by the changes of vascular damage caused by the poor oxygen supply to the vascular wall. Then, the retrogressive changes appear in the cells by the combined influence of the changes of circulatory disturbance and vascular damage. When the retrogressive changes advance, they show destructive and colliquative changes finally resulting in the necrosis.
As reparative processes, further, and as the terminal picture of the organ, tissue sclerotic changes (fibrosis) or cirrhotic changes are also indicated.
3. The primary lesion of the intralobular necrosis of the liver is the central zone surrounding the central vein.
4. The selective circumscribed necrosis observed on a specific portion of the lobule is not of different pathogenesis. It is understood to be the lesion of the same pathogenesis only different in intensity and in the time of observation.
5. In addition, the reason why the lesion is recognized as the necrosis of the central zone inspite of the same object of immediate invasion (Glisson's capsule) is considered to be due to the special tissue construction of the liver causing the difference in the site of its morphological expression.

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1. In the present experiment, rabbits received 2-12mg/kg of Parathion dividing them into 4 groups by the difference of dosage and histopathological investigations were made on the changes produced in the lungs by 3 different stages of acute, subacute and chronic covering a period of more than 200 days.
2. Alveolar atelectasis was found to advance in parallel with the quantitative increase in its true findings and the intensity of those changes was enforced by the participation of a chronological factor which showed an ascending curve from the time of acute stage to the chronic stage. It should be emphasized, moreover, that this alveolar atelectasis shows an interesting association with the organization of the alveolar septum.
3. Appearance of the exudate into the alveolar septum (stem) was observed with its loosening. And, the inhibition of ChE by Parathion invites the accumulation of Ach which is considered to enhance vascular permeability. This inference is confirmed by the presence of hemorrhage in the same locality.
4. Tissue reactive changes observed on the alveolar septum (stem) to the interalveolar portion indicate the damages of the various elements of pulmonary tissues caused by Parathion intoxication. Proliferation of the mesenchymal cells in the same locality appears to indicate the tendency for fibrosis following the elapse of time.

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1. In the present experiment, 300 pure bred mice of the strain dbr were always maintained and the spontaneous mammary cancer ditected among them was transplanted on the male mice of the same strain for the obse vation of the influence of hormone such as Enarmon or Parotin classifying the mice into 4 groups of the subcutaneous injection given 72 hours in advance, immediately after, 24 hours and 72 hours after tumor transplantation. Observation of this influence was made chiefly by the histopathological investigationof the growth of tumor, especially, in relation to the surrounding muscular tissues.
2. Tumors formed in the mice of the group received hormone injection immediatly after transplantation were the smallest in size being only one half of the control. This tumor was malignant and epithelial in nature and Parotin was found to show some inhibition against its growth.
3. As for the findings of muscular fibers, the mice received Enarmon were characterized by the atrophy or disappearance of the subcutaneous muscular layer, while hypertrophy and swelling were rather scarce. Moderate swelling of the muscular layer under the tumor (dorsal muscles) was recognized in 2 cases.
The mice received Parotin showed only mild changes mostly being hydropic ones accompanying loosening and mostly they belonged to the pseudohypertrophy.
4. As for vaculation, it is considered to be due to the hypoxic changes produced in the muscular fibers. The vacules were found to change from small ones to large ones and when advanced they showed colliquative changes and necrosis.

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1. In the present experiment, diethyl-paranitrophenyl-thiophosphate in emulsion was administered subcutaneously on rats twice per week in different doses of 24mg, 16mg, 8mg, 4mg and 2mg/kg. Then, histophathological investigations were made on the changes produced in the heart dividing the animals into three groups of acute, subacute and chronic stages by the length of their survival days.
2. In the acute stage, histologically, the granular degeneration of cardiac fibers was strong in the group administered of large doses and vice versa being nearly parallel to the amount administered, while vacuolar degeneration, swelling, homogenization, colliquative degeneration etc were strong in the groups received the administration of medium doses and mild in the groups of small doses without demonstrating parallel relationship between these changes and the amount administered.
3. In the subacute stage, all the changes like granular degeneration, swelling, vacuolar degeneration and colliquative changes nearly parallelled the amount administered except homogenization which was stronger in the groups received medium doses without demonstrating parallel relationship to the amount administered.
4. In the chronic stage, granular degeneration, vacuolar degeneration, colliquative degeneration etc were recognized only in the groups admistered of small doses demonstrating parallel relationship to the amount administered.
5. It was proved that on administration of Parathion over a prolonged period of time, the changes caused on the cardiac fibers by metabolic disturbances are characterized by the atrophy and homogenization of cardiac fibers, and in the interstitium, infiltration of round cells, proliferation of fibroblasts and argentaffine fibers, and calcification, and thus advance into fibrosis accompanied by tissue reactive reparation.

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Stated in the following are the results of the experimental observation made on the normal growth and on the influence of physical factors and several anti-fungal preparations on the growth of M. gypseum by the use of time-lapse cinemicrographic technique.
1. Processes of budding from the spore, elongation and growth of the mycelium, and growth of the chramidspore as well as the nodular organ were recorded successfully.
2. Granular substance contained in the spore, mycelium, chramidspore and the nodular organ was found to have motility which was the morphological indication of the life of cells.
3. The curling effect observed on the mycelium by the addition of Griseofulvin was first observed on the terminal end of the mycelium and then there was the appearance of numerous curled branches. This phenomenon was characteristic to Griseofulvin.
4. The presence of curling factor, namely, Griseofulvin, was proved in the serum of individuals administered of Griseofulvin, in the content of the cantharidin bulla and also in the horny layer of the skin.
5. The influence of Griseofulvin on M. gypseum was confirmed to be fungistatic, while that of Variotin and Merthiolate was fungicidal.
6. Availing the technique of cinemicrography, it has become possible to prove the presence of an extremely small amount of Griseofulvin.
7. Mode of the appearance of curling effect was different depending on the concentration of Griseofulvin present and an observation period of 2-4 hours could telll the concentration of Griseofulvin in the fluid examined.

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Using a devised method of quantitative determination by Ravin's method, serum caeruloplasmin level was determined on rabbits rendered anemic by bleeding or by hemolysis anemia due to the administration of phenylhydrazine, and also on the hypoxic rabbits. The value of serum copper was detertmined for the investigation of its relalion to caeruloplasmin. The results obtained were as follows.
1. In the plasma of rabbits rendered anemic by bleeding, both serum copper and caeruloplasmin increased accompanying the appearance of anemia.
2. In the rabbits rendered anemic by phenydrazine hemolysis, both serum copper and caeruloplasmin increased remarkably following the development of anemia.
5. In the rabbits under hypoxic conditions, erythrocytes hemoglobin content, and reticulocytes increased but there was some discrepancy in the value between serum copper and caeruloplasmin depending on the length of the time placed under hypoxic conditions.
a. In the rabbits placed under hypoxic conditions for 3 hours, both serum copper and caeruloplasmin were reduced.
b. In those placed for 24 hours, both serum copper and caeruloplasmin values were also reduced.
c. In those placed for 48 hours, serum copper showed a remarkable increase, whereas, caeruloplasmin was reduced.

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The author has examined the variations of CO₂ volume in blood induced by the application of unmodified as well as various modified E. S. T., and she also examined them during the medication of several phenothiazine derivatives. The results are summarized as follows :
1. In general, after E. S. T. the CO₂ volume in blood decreases decidedly. The average of the maximal decrease of CO₂ volume after unmodified E. S. T. is 16.9 vol %, and that after E. S. T. under narcosis with methylhexabital is 8.70 vol%. The ratio of the former to the latter is almost precisely reciprocal to that of the numbers of treatments by either method which are effective enough to bring about the full remission of melancholia.
2. The average of maximal decrease after thyamilal-S. C. C. -E. S. T. (Nakamura) is 10.85 vol %, and that after P. M. -G. M. -S. C. C. E. S. T. (Impastato) is 10.56 vol %. Both values are quite similar corresponding to the similarity of the effectiveness of the two methods.
3. The average after P. M. -G. M. E. S. T. without any modication is 13.3 vol %, which means that the P. M. prior to G. M, reduces the intensity of the latter. The grade of the reduction is actually illustrated by means of mechanography.
4. The decrease of CO₂ volume in blood after E. S. T. with only S.C. C. (Rose) is quite irregular and insignificant. This fact suggests that S. C. C. may have some unknown central actions besides its wellknown peripheral muscle relaxing action.
5. By the modication of phenothiazine derivatives, the CO₂ volume in blood is also reduced. This demonstrates that the essence of these kinds of medicine consists neither in sympathicotropic nor in tranquilizing action as generally believed.
6. Through above described observation, the author wants to presume that both E. S. T. and pharmacotherapy with phenothiazine deliveratives may stand within the same category as to the influence upon homeostasis by changing the vegetative function, the mechanism of which still remains unknown.

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N-methylhistidine was isolated from the excrete of chickens fed on vegitative diet and confirmation was given. This finding was contradictory to the inference given by S. P. Datta et al.
Confirmation of the appearance of N-methylhistidine in the urine of chicken is considered necessary for further confirmation of the reliability of the above mentioned finding.

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1) We have reported our observation on an atypical case of tuberous sclerosis in which adenoma sebaceum and epileptic seizures were found, but it not accompanied with mental deterioration.
2) The histopathological findings in adenoma sebaceum, calcification within the brain and lungs in the x-rays and the abnormal signs in E. E. G, coincide with those observations heretofore reported.
3) While angioma and a definite epileptic signs in E. E. G. were observed in the younger brother, it would be difficult to conclude that this is another case of tuberous sclerosis, but it may at least be said that it has similar hereditary dispostion.
4) By investigating the family lineage in this patient, heredobiological problems were.e discussed.

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As the result of the comparative anatomical studies made on the development of eparterial bronchus employing Mogura, Oryctolangus cuniculus, Canis familiaris, Felis domestica, Capra hircus, Cercopithecus and Homo sapiens, it was found that in all cases, it was the eparterial bronchus of the right bronchus. The origin of eparterial bronchus is not necessarily confined to the right bronchus, for in the animals of Insectivora, Rodentia, Carnivora and Artiodactyla, it begins from the trachea on the level of the tracheal bifurcation or above, while in Primates it starts from the right bronchus.
Two arteries are distributed on the eparterial bronchus, one (A₁) on the R. cranialis and the other (A₂) on the R. caudalis of the bronchus in animal. In human being, however, this R. cranialis corresponds to the R. apicalis and R, ventralis or R, lobi superioris ventralis, while R, caudalis to the R. dorsalis or R. lobi superioris dorsalis.

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