The present article is dealing with the so-called rugose or crape colony variation of a Salm. enteritidis. In the present part, discussions are made mainly on the systematic growth of the variant and the problems concerning the rugose forrows and crape formation.
This variant is usually obtainbale from old broth cultures or old peptone water cultures. This variant forms large, wet, translucent, flat spreading colony on solid media. Many crapes are seen on the sulface of that colony.
This crape colony is membraneous and rather adhesive to the solid media and not easily emulsified. After a few days, rugose forrows appear. The arrangement of this rugose forrows become concentric, radiated or mixed complex according to the cultural conditions (incubation temperature, medium, incubation period, humidity etc.) . However, the basic character of this variant is in the point that it forms translucent, flat spreading crape colony.
In liquid media, turbidity of the medium and the formation of wrinkled surface pellicle are observed.
In carbohydrate fermentationt tests, biochemical reactions, pathogenicity to mouse, agglutination reactions and S-R tests, this variant is quite resembling to its original type. Further, it belongs to smooth type. It is also reversible to S-type.
In the present paper, discussions are also made on the rugose variation and the alike phenomenon cited in the literatures. Discussions are also made on the problems as to whether the rugose variation is a phenomenon limited only to a certain special variant or not. The crape variant reported by Okamoto and Toyda was found most similar to this variant.
As the results of the present work, the following points were made clear.
1. This variant was found to be one of the systematic ones observed among Salmonella organisms.
2. The presence of oxygen was found essential for the occurrence and formation of the characteristic crape or pellicle. Consequently, this phenomenon was not observed under anaerobic condition. Deep colony of this variant was found smooth and lens-form. Even under aerobic condition, normal smooth colony was formed usually on 1% Sod. citrate agar.
3. In view of the above findings, the author believed that the crape or rugose colony formation is a phenomenon attached to a variation.

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A questien has arisen as to whether or not workers can maintain their health and working efficiency for a long period of time in the case when a specific working system with 3 days cycle comprising of 24 hours work on the 1st day, total rest on the 2nd day and ordinary working hours on the 3rd day is adopted. To answer this question, hourly and daily changes in various physical and mental functions of the workers of a machine factory adopting such working syetem were traced. Roughly the following results were thus obtained.
1. Ordinarily, all night work caused lowering of various physical and mental functions and increase in the fatigue observed from the nutritional phases. In addition, their disease resisting function was usually lowered.
2. Among those various functions seen in the case when this kind of working systemm was adopted, such one as the specific gravity of blood plasma, which demonstrated a kind of habituation and adaptation phenomenon during the latter half of a week was noted. However, most of the fatigue reactions, for example, threshold value of the patellar reflex, Vakat's iodic acid index and mucoprotein discharge, were found clearly increased during the latter half of a week. Moreover, the lowering of the nutritional condition particularly the progress of anemia which was indicated by the daily changes of the hematocrit value, was found to be a matter worth while for a careful consideration in the case when the above working system was continued for a long period of time, though the condition was mild and its major part would be recovered by the rest on Sundays.
3. The fact that, in spite of a remarkable influence of the all night work on the physical and mental functions, any extreme accumulation of fatigue was not noted was presumed to be due to the remarkable effect of the complete rest on the following one day to the recovery from fatigue. Consequently, in the cases where the one day rest was not effectively spent, long term continuation of such working system was considered impossible.

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The injection of nicotine into the white of developing egg has been made in our Department and hydrops was found to be formed in the chick embryo.
This nicotine hydrops is also recognized when eggs are given with 2.5 mg of nicotine in the egg yolk, or with 2 mg of nicotine in the egg white at twice injections.

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By the administration of sodium monofluoroacetate (S F A) it was found that the livers of female rats accumulated large quantities of citric acid as in the case of other organs whereas male rats did not. Such sex difference in citrate synthesis was presumed to be due to the influence of sex hormones. The present investigation was undertaken to attempt to elucidate whether such sex difference is observed or not even in the liver citrate synthesis when liver injury was experimentally induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄), which attack liver mitochondria and disorganised the enzyme system‘ with special reference to estrogen treatment. The following results were thus obtained.
1. No significant difference was observed in the amount of liver citrate in S F A-treated male rat after liver injury with CCl₄ for comparison with normal male rat treated with SFA. However a decrease in citrate synthesis was observed in the female rat with damaged liver as compared with normal female rat. Further, citrate synthesis in kidney of rats in both sexes was markedly decreased after treatment of CCl₄.
2. The livers of female rat treated with CCl₄ accumulated the large quantities of citric acid following S F A administration in comparison to similarly treated male rats. This fact would indicate that sex difference in citrate synthesis in liver remain unchanged despite the liver is affected considerably with CCl₄. Contrary to this, no sex difference was noticed in the kidney citrate after treatment with CCl₄. In this case, histological changes in the liver of females were severe than in that of the males.
3. Increased amounts of CCl₄ was administered to only female rat, no significant difference in accumulation of both of the liver and kidney citrate was observed following S F A treatment compared with female rat injected not increased amounts of CCl₄. However, in microscopically, higher degenerative changes in every liver cell were noticed in the group of animals received increased amount of CCl₄.
4. When such a high dose of estradiol benzoate as 2mg/kg was administered for 6 deys simultaneously with CCl₄ and sacrificed after treatment of S F A, no significant difference or even a tendency of decrease was noted in the amounts of liver and kidney citrates compared with those of the group of animals received CCl₄ alone. Moreover, the highest degree of damage in the liver cells was recognized in histological picture after trea-tment of estrogen plus CCl₄.
5. As it was presumed that estrogen inhibits citrate synthesis in liver, the author administered a high dose of estradiole benzoate to the normal female rats for the same period of time and observed a marked inhibition in the accumulation of liver citrate following treatment of SFA. Nevertheless, the level was found much higher than that of the group of animals which received CCl₄ plus estrogen, Furthermore, microscopically no pathological changes were observed in the female rat liver administered with estrogen.
6. When a decreased dose of estrogen (1/10 of the dose of estradiol benzoate in the preceding experiment-0.2mg/kg) was similarly administered and then treated with S F A, the slight accumulation of liver citrate was noticed but the value was found still lower compared with the normal female rat.
7. Administration of 0.2mg/kg of estradiol benzoate for 6 days to pregnant rats followed SFA treatment caused a marked increase in the citrate content of liver.

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It was elucidated that acetamide and monoacetin are the efficient protective agents. against fluoroacetate poisoning, and produced a decreased citrate level in liver and kidney in fluoroacetate-treated animals. Taking the degree of citrate accumulation in rat liver and kidney as criterion, the author investigated the principle of the protective actions of these drugs, and simultaneously attempted to see if it could be elucidated the sex difference in the liver citrate synthesis. The following results were thus obtained.
1. Both acetamide and monoacetin produced increased citrate concentration in kidney of female rat, particulary higher degree in the case of monoacetin. However, in male ratt the concentration of liver citrate was decreased whereas in the female was found unaltered.
2. The citrate levels of normal animals starved for 24 hours are tends to be slightly lower than rats on a normal diet. Though no difference was noted in the concentration of citrate in kidneys.
3. In the starved animals treated with fluoroacetate the citrate level in the liver was decreased, however, the sex difference was still observed and slightly higher value was found in females.
4. After administration of acetamide to starved animals, the concentration of kidney citrate was found increased compared with that of the normal fed controls, however, contrary results was obtained in the concentration of liver citrate.
5. The administration of acetamide to starved rat before the injection of fluoroactate inhibited the accumulation of kidney citrate. However, the protective effect of acetamide was not observed in starved rat liver.
6. By the administration of fluoroacetate to normal fed rats after injection of acetamide and monoacetin, the accumulation of kidney citrate was merkedly inhibited, although monoacetin was found to decrease the citrate content an even greater extent than acetamide. Further, as these both drugs counteracted the citrate accumulation in liver, monoacetin. seemes to be the stronger protective agent against fluoroacetate poisoning.
All these facts would indicate the inability of acetamide and monoacetin as acetyldonors in masking the sex difference in liver citrate synthesis.

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In the present paper, the author tried out a simplified method to measure the phagocytic power of leucocytes employing a drop of blood, and made an investigation on the properties of the phagocytosis.
Method: A drop of blood, which contains heparin to prevent coagulation, is mixed with carbon particle suspension on a concave slide glass and the mixture is incubated at 370°C. Smear preparations are made from it for examinations.
Results:
1. The preparations made according to this method was neat and the carcon particles were readily differentiated.
2. The degree of the phagocytosis was influenced by the length of incubation period and the number of carbon particles mixed.
3. The rate of phagocytosis was hardly influenced by the length of incubation period and the number of carbon particles mixed.
4. No difference in the results was recognized between the present method and other methods which employ a relatively larger amount of blood.
In view of the above findings, the author considered that the present method is a utilizable one with a minute amount of blood, and that the degree of phagocytosis and the rate of phagocytosis are essentially different matters.

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In the present paper, the hourly fluctuation in a day of the circulating eosinophil level, discharge of chemocorticoid into urine and the uric acid-creatinine ratio under the resting condition were investigated in cases in which sleep was taken during the night and on the other side sleep was taken during the day.
1. The circulating eosinophil level became higher during the sleep at night and lowedduring the time of waking in the day time.
2. The uric acid-creatinine ratio became lower during the sleep at night and higher during the wakingtime in the day.
3. The amount of chemocroticoid discharge into urine became larger early in the morning before waking.
4. Sleep during the daytime elevated the eosinophil level, but fluctuation in the uric acid-creatinine ratio and the amount of discharge of chemocorticoid were not inverted.
In view of the above, the authors considered that the tonus of the autonomic nerves due to sleep itself is directly influencing the hourly fluctuation of a day, and that the influence of the pituitary adrenocortical system is not direct.

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In the present paper, the authors investigated the fluctuation in the circulating eosinophil level during sleep induced by the injection of barbital, and the eosinopenia for ACTH action in this case. The following results were thus obtained.
1. The eosinophil level was found elevated during sleep induced by the injection of barbital, and it was lowered with the waking.
2. The eosinopenia reaction induced by ACTH during sleep was found stronger than the normal.
In view of the above, the authors considered that sleep itself elevates the eosinophil level, and that the irritability of the pituitary adrenocortical system during sleep is rather enhanced, consequently, the alarm reaction appears more markedly.

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The present work is a report on the reverse mutation of the mutabile type variants of some species of intestinal bacteria (E. coli, Paracoli-type coli, Massini-type coli, Salm. enteritidis, Salm. typhimurium and Salm. typhi) .
From M-type variant of the original type (“O”) of each species, M-type daughter (“MT” of Murase) and galactose fermenting daughter (“RT” of Fukutome et al) were isolated as the mutants. The presumption that this “RT” is the reverse mutant of the M-type variant has partially been discussed in the previous Report 1 and Report 2 of the same series.
In the present work, discussions were mainly made on the reverse mutation of the M-type variant in respect of the host-parasite relationship. As test strains of each species. “O”, M-type variant, “MT” and “RT” were employed for the experiments.
On the above 4 strains of each species, comparative investigations were conducted in the virulence for mice and developing chick embryos, resistance to blood bactericidal power and in the residence in mouse tissue The following points were thus made clear.
The virulence for mice of E. coli was found very weak, and no difference among the 4 strains derived from it was recognized. The virulence for mice of the M-type variant of Salm. enteritidis and Salm. typhimurium were found considerably lowered or lost, but their “RT” was found as strong as that of their “O”. When 5% mucin bacterial suspension was employed, those of the M-type variant and “MT” of Salm, typhi were found weak, but those of “RT” and“O” were found strong. However, these M-type variant and “MT” contained Vi-antigen. The virulence of E. coli and Salm. typhi for developing chick embryos.s in the amniotic inoculation was found strongest. Consequently, no difference between “O” and its mutants was recognized.
The M-type variant and “MT” were found more sensitive to the blood bactericidal' power than “RT” or “O”.
The number of “RT” and “O” in the tissue of inoculated mouse as determined by autopsy and cultivation was found greater than that of the M-type variant and “MT”. Therefore, in the case there were difference in the results of the experiments on these 4, both “RT” and “O” were found strong and approximate each other, consequently, it was. difficult to recognize any difference between the two.
In view of the above findings, statement was made to the effect that the reversed mutation of the M-type variant to the original type was recognized also in respect of the host-parasite relationship.

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1. Gramicidin J Ointment was applied to the cases of angular stomatitis, eczema of auditory meatus and otitis externa.
2. In 5 cases of angular stomatitis, the average number of days until the disappearance of pain was 1.4 and that until the healing was 7.
3. In 5 cases of eczema of auditory meatus, the average number of days until the disappearance of itching sensation was 2 and that until the healing was 6.
4. In 8 cases of localized otitis externa, the average number of days until the disappearance of pain was 1.3, and that until the healing was 9.
5. In 7 cases of diffuse otitis externa, the average number of days until the disappearance of pain was 1.3 and that until the healing was 4.1.
6. In no cases, anything regarded as side reaction was experienced.

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