Similarly to Nitromin, the administration of 250 u. of carzinophilin, an anti-tumor preparation, is capable of giving rise to a transient change in the testicular tissue of mouse.
The principal change is the inhibit ion of the cell division in each stage. Those influenced most are spermatogonia and spermatocytes f oxllowed by prespermatids and spermatids. Sertoli's cells and interstitial cells are least sensitive. The influence was most strongly observed 3-5 days after the administration, and on the 10 th day from the administration, recovery of the functions could be presumed. Furthermore, the mechanism of this action connot be explained in a single sentence. Although nutritional damages may be the one, the change is presumed to be due to a combination of various factors including the nutritional damage by carzinophilin.

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Employing the heart nerve heart preparations of Bufo vulgaris, the authors gave repetitive stimuli of varying frequency to the vagal nerve or to the sympathetic nerve for 15 seconds and calculated the effect thereof on the pulse curve to draw the frequency action curves. Further, the authors investigated the relationships between the concentration of acethylcholine or of adrenaline and their effect by irrigating with these chemicals in order to draw the concentration action curves. In view of the fact that these curves satisfies the theoretical formula by Rosenbueth, by over-lapping these two curves, the authors attempted to find out the frequency of the stimulus corresponding to a certain concentration in percentage of acethylcholine or of adrenaline through irrigation.
Further, the authors calculated the amount of acethylcholine or of adrenaline in the irrigation fluid consumed by the cardiac muscle by examining the out-flowing fluid, and successfully estimated, from the above frequency-concentration relationship, the amount of acethylcholine or of adrenaline-like substance freed from the end of the vagal nerve and the sympathetic nerve respectively after one single maximal stimulation.

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A rapid progress was recently made in the studies on the end-plate potential. The morphological structure of the end-plate and the impulse transmission mechanism at the end-plate have been generally made clear.
The authors have firmly established the method to lead the end-plate potential in a simple manner by the separate lead method. In the present paper, the precedures are described and a few results obtained thereby are reported.
By means of the separate lead method, the end-plate potential cliff ereuce at a given locality can be lead in simple manner employing curarized muscle and normal muscle. For curarization, injection of 4 cc of 3 mg/cc solution of d-tubocuraline into the arterial arc of Bufo vulgaris. Further, the combined use of KCl, the end-plate potential of single side can be lead. By this method, the distribution of the end-plates of the M. sartorius of Bufo vulgaris can be learned.
This new method of recording the end-plate potential is considered to be applicable to a broad extent due to its simplicity.

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In order to clarify the factors inducing the abolition of the steady state in the continuous low speed works in the industrial labor in general, the author investigated the pattern of the abolition of the steady state in these works by their various consisting factors such as the local muscular work, visual concentration, the maintenance of the working posture in a certain fixed model work. Roughly the following results were thus obtained.
(1) One of the largest factors inducing the abolition of the steady state is presumed evidently to be the localized fatigue of the working muscles.
(2) Although the fact should not be over-looked that the mental and neurotic fatigue such as the visual concentration in the work for flicker value determination is the factor of abolition to the steady slate in this kind of work to a certain extent, its comparative weight to the fatigue of the working muscles is presumed to be considerably smaller.
(3) The fact that the muscular and neurotic fatigue due to the maintenance of the working posture for a long time becomes the factor inducing the abolition of the steady state in this kind of work is considered not too significant as far as that posture is particularly forced.
(4) For the maintenance of the steady state in this kind of continuous low speed work over along period of time, insertion of rests was found more effective rather than the reduction in the intensity of the work itself. Consequently, the accumulation of stress in the case when a certain work, though its intensity is relatively weak, is given, is considered to play an extremely important role in the abolition of the steady state in this kind of work.

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Presuming that follicular cells, oosperm or germinated ovum, which are young and active in cell division, may be liable to be affected by the antitumor substances, consequently, those substances may affect the functions of female reproductive organ, duration of pregnancy and the development of fetus, the authors experimentally observed the influences of carzinophilin, which has recently been developed as an antitumor antibiotic substance, on the f emal reproductive organ, particularly on the sexual cycle, ovulation and on. the pregnancy of various animals.
The sexual cycle of rats was modified by one administration of 83.9 u/100 g or more r and the cycle of the sexual excitement was found prolonged or lacking by the same dosis. As to the ovulation in rabbits, the ovulation test was positive with 10 ku. of Synahorin at 11 days after the termination of the administration of carzinophilin amounting even to 2, 500-15, 000 u. in total, showing the inability of inhibiting the ovulation. As regards the duration of pregnancy in mice, it was found that the duration was affected by the administration of 100 u. or more of carzinophilin in the initial stage and with 150 u. or more inn the middle stage causing discontinuation of the pregnancy. This effect became larger as the size of the dosis increased. However, in the terminal stage, almost no effect was observed. In the cases of the discontinuation of pregnancy, portions corresponding to the fetus were not recognized though the placenta was seen. Histological examinations revealed tha necrosis of placenta and hemorrhage in uterus. Furthermore, the fetal tissue was considered to be far more readily affected by carzinophilin than the tissue of placenta. Among the cases of continued pregnancy, still births were recognized. Nevertheless, no malformations were noted. When the drug was given the male and female before their copulation, the time lag between the copulation and the delivery was prolonged. The longestt was. 75 days. When only male animal was given, the period was found a little prolonged, showing an average of 34 days. The rate of survival of the youngs of the animals was found lower when both of the male and female were treated with the drug.
Thus, the authors learned that carzinophilin possesses similar effects against the functions of reproductive organ, duration of pregnancy etc. to those possessed dy such other antitumor substances as Nitromin, Azan, Sarkomycin etc.

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In order to investigate the influences of all-night playing of mahjong, which is experienced not infrequently in our daily life, on various body functions, especially on the disease resistance of the individuals, 4 volunteers were selected to play mahjong all through the night. During the course, gas metabolism, pulse rates and the values of the dermal current were determined according to the lapse of time. Further, specimens of blood and urine were taken at 1 hour's intervals to determine the timely changes in the phagocytic activity of the leucocytes and in the number of the circulating eosinophil cells. In addition to these, oxydation coefficient determination and Donaggio's test were conducted to obtain roughly the following results.
1) with the usual sleeping hours, the values of the phagocytic activity of the leucocytes are roughly the same in each morning. However, in the case of all-night mahjong playing, the activity gradually diminished towards the dawn showing approximately 45 less value in the following morning compared with that of the usual morning. Approximately 4 hours' sleep in the morning, however, helped the value to recover to a certain extent. A good sleep in the following night recovered the value to almost full extent.
2) The number of circulating eosinophil cells showed almost the same fluctuation during the course as that of the phagocytic activity of the leucocytes.
3) Unlike during the sleeping hours, the oxygen up take and the pulse rate were not found diminished, but the flicker value and the value of the dermal current were found diminishing as the time elapsed. The former showed approximately 13% less value at dawn, at which time the volunteers felt most sleepy, with a gradual recovery thereafter. The latter, however, continued lower values during the whole course.
The lowering in the number of circulating eosinophil cells and the phagocytic activity of the leucocytes were found greater when these functions were maintained greatly in adverse to those during the sleeping hours.
4) In the case of all-night playing of mahjong, Vakat's iodic acid coefficient, which usually shows a gradual increase according to the lapse of time. Moreover, this condition teded unrecovered for 2 or 3 days after one all-night sit up.
5) As stated in the above, in the case of all-night playing of mahjong during the night, when usually the excitability of the cerebrum gradually become lowered by the time lapse and when the vagus tends to high tension, various body functions seem not to show their phenomena under sleep, and the bearing degree observed from the changes in the number of circulating eosinophil cells seemed great; further, extreme lowering in the disease resistance observed from the phagocytic activity of the leucocytes seemed to be noted with enhanced dissimilating metabolism.

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The present paper deals with the studies on the experimental mumps. Human volunteers were infected with mumps virus, and along the course of the infection thereafter, the pattern of infection, onset, recovery and antibody production were observed. Furthermore, studies on the reisolation of the virus were also conducted.
The strain of virus employed in the present work was Showa B strain, which was isolated by the author and his colleagues in 1952. This strain was isolated from the pure parotid saliva of the patient through amniotic inoculation. The same procedures were adopted in the reisolation of the virus in the present work. When this strain of virus was used, the hemagglutination titre was 1: 1280. The results of various observations on this strain have been presented several times at the meetings of the Japanese Bacteriological Society etc.
Volunteer M. D. (a 13 years old male) was inoculated with 0.2 cc of the original material, and Volunteer S. S. (a 14 year old female) with 0.2 cc of the 100-fold dilution of the original material. The material was introduced through the orifice of the Stensen's duct according to the technique by Johnson and Goodpasture. Observations were made carefully along the course of the infection.
The onset was recorded 17 days after the inoculation in the case of M. D. and after 21 days in the case of S. S. They were diagnosed as mumps from the findings inn the blood, rise in the temperature and the pattern of the swelling of parotid gland.
The hemagglutination inhibition titre and the complement fixation titre of the patients' sera were enhanced as the time elapsed. The complement fixation titre was maintained showing no lowering even after 4 months. In this instance, viruses of Showa B and “Lederle Mumps Diagnostic Antigen” were employed as antigens in combination. In view of the hemagglutination inhibition titre and the complement fixation titre determined with the sera from the volunteers, reconvalescents' sera from a natural epidemic, , and with immune sera prepared with Showa B strain and Enders' strain, the virus reisolated from the parotid gland was regarded as that previously inoculated and as numps virus. By the above observations, the abovementioned illnes was proved to be mumps induced by Showa B strain of mumps virus.
It was also observed that, among the eggs of a group inoculated with the same inoculum in the second passage, some ones were virus-positive and some other ones were found virusnegative, and that part of the eggs inoculated with the material derived fromm the virus-negative egg proved to be virus-positive eggs. On the reverse, part of the eggs inoculated with the material derived from the virus-positive egg proved to be virus-negative eggs. From these two facts, explanations were given to the correlationship between the inoculum and the virus isolated induced by the passage through living body, and the findings clarifying the specificity of the isolation of virus were described.

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In the present work, the author obtained a strain of the mutabile type variant (Murase) from the old broth culture of the HK strain of E. coli. When decimal dilutions of the strain wad cultivated in galactose peptone (GP) water, galactose fermenting variant (RT) was obta fined with a minute amount of inoculum. Utilizing this characteristics that such variant as RT is liable to be obtained, comparisons were made between the effects of galactose (a sugar fermentable by the strain) and raffiinose (a sugar non-fermentable by the strain) on the frequency of appearance of RT variant. The above experiments lead to the following results.
In the frequency of the appearance of M type → RT mutation, both of the sugars in question showed approcimate values eath other, being roughly between 0.005% and 0.0005%. In other words, in means that, at a level of extremely small amount of inoculum under raffinose non-fermenting condition, M type→RT mutation is evidently occurring. Moreover, its findings were not so much different from those in the case of the fermentable galactose. The above findings in raffinose peptone (RP) water was found coinciding with those that M type→RT mutation was occurring in GP water under galactose non-fermenting condition.In short, the above observations suggested that the heretofore reported M type →MT mutation belongs to an identical mutation type to that of M type →RT mutation.

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The authors traced the recovery cycle of the nerves under catelectrotonus, and compared it with the normal recovery cycle. In the normal recovery cycle, the absolute refractory period, relative refractory period, supernormal period and subnormal period occurrs in succession, then it goes back to the normal excitability level. Under catelectrotonus, however, quasi periodic oscilation occurs, and the cycle tends to become shorter as the strength of the current given. According to Monnier, although repetitive response occurs under normal condition in the normal excitable tissue, the action of the damping factor prevents its manifestation. The authors presumed that the spontaneous appearance of the repetitive response induced by the action of Nacitrate or others is due to the above damping factor. From the above view point it can be presumed that also the catelectrotonus evidently has an inhibitory action against the damping factor.

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The author injected dihydrostreptomycin and potassium iodide into fertilized hen's eggs, and conducted histopathological examinations on the heart and kidney of the chick embryo on the 12 th, 15 th and 18 th days of incubation. The following results were thus obtained.
1) Findings in the heart : In the initial stage of the incubation single injection of streptomycin or potassium iodide caused the enlargement and proliferation of the pericardiac endothelial cells; with the combined administration, cell infiltration of the pericard was observed. Further, in the terminal stage of the incubation, the single injection of streptomycin or potassium iodide gave rise to cell infiltration of pericard; with combined administration, the enlargement and proliferation of the endocardiac endothelial cells were recognized. Furthermore, no particular findings except blood vessel congestion were recognized in the myocard.
2) Findings in the kidney : In the single injection of streptomycin or potassium iodide and also in the injection of the combination of these two drugs in the initial stage of incubation, the hyperemia and cell infiltration respectively in the glomerulus was observed. Particularly in the single injection, thickening of the Bowman's capsule was recognized. Furthermore, the degeneration of the urinary tubuli was recognized more eminently in the combined injection than in the single injection. In the terminal stage of incubation, cell infiltration in the glomerulus was recognized in the single injection as well as in the combined injection. Moreover, degeneration in the urinary tubuli was recognized in the single injection of potassium iodide and combined injections.

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The autor conducted histopathological investigations on the influence of single or combined administration of INAH and tibione on mice, primarily on the liver. As experimental animals, mice were employed. In the cases of the single administration of INAH, the doses were 10 mg/kg per orally and 10 mg/kg, 60 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg subcutaneously. As reg-ards the single administration of tibione, 0.1 mg/kg, 0.5 mg/kg, 1.0 mg/kg, 2.5 mg/kg and 5.0 mg/kg per orally and subcutaneously were given. In the cases of combined subcutaneous administrations of INAH and tibione, each of the doses of INAH was combined with 0.1 mg/kg, 0.5 mg/kg, 1.0 mg/kg, 2.5 mg/kg and 5.0 mg/kg of tibione. Similar combinations were made with 10 mg/kg of INAH in the cases of per oral administrations. Daily administrations were conducted for 30 days, and then observed for 1 week before the animals were sacrificed.
In the single administrations of INAH, a correlation (equilibrium) was noted between the increase in the dosis and the decrease in the dosis and the decrease in the body weight. Nevertheless, up to the dosis of 1.0 mg/kg of tibione in the single as well as in the combined administration, the findings were not eminent compared with those in the single administrations of INAH.
In the cases of the single subcutaneous administration of INAH (10 mg/kg, 60 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg), swelling, granular degeneration, vacuolar degeneration, disordered arran-gement, changes in the nucleus, fusing degeneration and necrosis of the hepatic cells observed in the long term group were milder than those observed in the medium term group. Consequently, these changes were conisidered to be inconsistent reciprocal changes.
The findings such as turbidity, swelling of fusing changes in the hepatic cells in the cases of the single subcutaneous administration of tibione were slightly mild up to the dosis of 1.0 mg/kg, but they gradually became stronger up to the dosis of 5.0 mg/kg.
In most cases of the single per oral adiministrations of tibione up to 2.5 mg/kg, the above changes were found mild, and they became slightly stronger at 5.0 mg/kg.n the present experiment, the findings in the hepatic cells such as swelling, granular degeneration or fusing changes due to combined subcutaneous adminstration of INAH and tibione up to the combination with 2.5 mg/kg of tibione were found not much different from those due to the addition of a small amount of tibione. However, by the combination with 5.0 mg/kg of tibione, these changes demonstrated a mild tendency of increase. The changes due to the administration of INAH up to 100 mg/kg were found greatly affected by the combination with tibione.

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(I) As to the frequency of occurence of senile lhucoderma, the author found that it first occurs at the age of thirties in male and at the age of forties in female. The frequency of the occurence gradually increases thereafter, and it is found in almost every individual, male and female, at the age of fifties, though certain difference in the number between both sexes. Above the age of 60-70, it can be said with certainty that leucoderma appears in every individual. It appears earlier in male than in female. As senile Physiology indicates, it appears earlier in male as one of the senile phenomena.
(II) According to the determination with petechiometer, the rate of appearance of petechia is larger in the individuals who has senile leucoderma. This leads to the assumption that the resistance of capillaries in such individuals is weaker. As reported in the previous paper by the author, hewever, no evidence suggestive of any histological changes was observed.
(III) Epinephirin test or other tests, did not indicate any significant correlationship between their positivities and the frequency of the occurence of senile leucoderma.
(IV) As to its relat on to the vegetative nerves, it was found that 8 out of 10 cases were demonstrating tension in the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves.
(V) As the sesult of functional test of skin, especially of the methylene blue test, the diminution in the oxidation-reduction capacity of the skin was presumed to be related, to a certain extent, to the mechanism of the occurence of senile leucoderma.
(VI) the results of the starch test (perspiration test) at the local skin of the senile leucoderma were normal in all cases.
(VII) The author could not recognize any chromatophores in the corium at the local skin of senile leucoderma, but could find them in the surrounding skin.
(VIII) Dopa reactions were conducted on the carbo-wax treated histological sections, and so-called “branched cells” were found in the skin surrounding the leucoderma but not a single cell was found in the leucoderma.

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In the present paper, the authors made dicussions on the operation procedures of the frontal sinusitis referring to the past literatures. The authors, then, reported on an operation procedures consisting of the followings:
Prolongation of the incision of the mucus membrane of the oral cavity according to Luc-Caldwell toward the median side; operation on maxillary sinus; of the ethmoidal cells according to Jansen Winkler; after exposing the adge of the piriform aperture, separation of the nasal mucus membrane over the area covering the bottom of the nose and medial nasal meatus from the edge of the pirif orm aperture; removal of the lateral wall corresponding to the medial nasal meatus up to approximately 5 cm from the edge of the piriform aperture; operation on the frontal sinus after freeing the nasolacrimal duct.

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1.The present paper reports a case (a 44 years old female) of pulmonary fibrosis. The case had been given a long-termed post-operative depth radiation therapy of high dosage on her mammary cancer. During the depth therapy, no roentgenographic picture of pulmonary fibrosis was noted until the postmortem examnation for confirmation.
2. In the histopathological diagnosis, the findings on the present case concurred with those of the pulmonary fibrosis due to radiation described by Anderson.
3. The present case is a case which was difficult to be diagnosed as pulmonary fibrosis on account of the complications of metastatic lung carcinoma, pleural carcinoma, etc.

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