Of all the factors to treat Pc resistent staphylococcal infection, it was considered to be most important to find out the action of, Pc in living bodies and the effect of combined use of various antibiotics in vitro and in vivo. The following experiments were performed and results were obtained.
1) Inducing experimental pneumonia with Pc resistent staphylococci in rabbits, Pc-G was administered and its concentration in the blood, in the healthy and affected areas of the lungs were measured, one, two, three and five hours after the administration successively. The concentration was compared with those obtained in pneumonia with 209P strain.
As a result, it was found that there was no significant difference of the concentration in blood and healthy areas of the lung between the both groups. On the other hand, the PC concentration in the involved areas of the lung with PC resistent staphylococci was found very low. However, the PC concentration in the involved areas of the lung with 209P strain was higher than those of blood. It was considered that the action of PC was significantly enfeebled in the affected area.
2) Four hours after Pc administration, pneumococcemia was produced in 20% of the rabbits with the mixed use of Diplococcus pneumoniae and PC sensitive 209P strain, while it was produced approximately 50% with the mixed use of Diplococcus pneumoniae and PC resistant staphylococci. Thus there was a distinct difference between these two groups. However, no significance was observed twenty-four hours after PC administration when the PC concentration in the blood is supposed to fall to zero.
3) When Cook strain of streptococcus haemolyticus and PC resistent staphylococci were buried in the abdominal cavity in agar column, the activity of PC on streptococcus haemolyticus was inhibited due to the PC resistant staphylococcus strain which had been mixed.
4) Staphylococci, 209 strain and the strains, which were resistant to PC, SM, CP, TC, KM, EM and OM, were prepared and utilized in this experiment. Twenty-eight combined sets were made by combining two out of fight antibiotics and their effect were examined on each of the antibiotic resistant strains above discribed. Combined antibiotics showed a synergistic effect in most cases, while antagonistic effect in a few cases. However, it was not found that a certain combina-tion of antibiotics always acted synergistically or antagonistically on all the strains.
5) Serum protein conjugation rate was examined by cellophane bag when PC was present together with SM and also with TC. It was found that there was no great difference in the serum protein conjugation rate between these cases and those in which each drug was used independently.
6) PE-PC and CP were given to healthy men separately or combined with half amount each. The antibacterial activity in the blood was somewhat lower than the expected value, or the avarage value when they were given together. Therefore it was considered that further study should be performed.
7) As in-vivo study, an experimental bacteriemia secondary to lobar pneumonia was induced in rabbits and a mixture of PC with CP or with TC were administered. No synergistic or antagonistic action was observed in the combination above mentioned.

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The peroxidase reaction on blood smears of leukemic patients was investigated and the peroxidase isolated from Shay's chloroma was compared with those in normal cells.
The results obtained were as follows:
1) The peroxidase positive and negative myeloblasts reacted in the same way to the antileukemic agents in acute leukemia, showing a specific pattern of behavior in each case.
2) In chronic leukemia, the peroxidase negative meloblasts were discovered in peripheral blood during acute exacervation.
3) The peroxidase activity measured with cell suspension was low in leukemia. The influence of PH on peroxidase activity was different between leukemic and normal cells.
4) Peroxidase was found in the highest concentration in mitochondria in subcellullar fractions.
5) Peroxidase bound with protoporphyrin in chloroma was compared chemically with normal myeloperoxidase.
6) The detoxification which was proved experimentally as the biological activity of peroxidase was influenced by halogen ions.
7) The mode of existence of peroxdase in the cell might be one of the factors controlling positive or negative peroxidase reaction on myeloblasts.

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The distribution of catalase in various liver cell fractions of bovine, rabbit and guinea pig has been investigated. In bovine and rabbit the catalase activity was found equally in mitochondrial and in supernatant fractions, as in the case of rat. The guinea pig showed the same pattern in distribution as that of the mouse, in which most of the enzyme were containedin the mitcchondrial fraction. The total catalase activity per unit wet weight of liver was quite similar in bovine and guinea pig as well as in rat, but the one in rabbit approximated one-seventh of the values for bovine, guinea pig and rat.

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