In cardiovascular surgery, the assesment of cardiac function is necessary for diagnosis in preoperative period and for the evaluation of the results of the surgery. In particular, it is assumed that the analysis of isometric contraction phase and ejection phase is the most important when the heart is considered as a pump. Of course, functional and organic change in vessels is concerned to the phases.
Hitherto, the hemodynamic asessment has been mainly decided by scalar records.
In a way, the progress of medicine has naturally increased the use of the hemodynamic parameters, while it has been difficult to understand clearly the correlation of parameters in every moment.
The correlation of the three parameters used popularly in isometric contraction phase and ejection phase was observed, and then new three parameters which considered to have good response for cardiovascular function were measured.
Pressure wave in left ventricle (P), first derivative of left ventricular pressure wave ( _??_) and blood flow velocity curve in ascending aorta (F), three of X-Y loops have been derived by these three factors. And contractility (C.), Stroke Power (S.P.) and Stroke Velocity (S.V.) are measured on these three X-Y loons.
Results obtained were as follows ;
Control group ;
( _??_-P) loops is nearly a ellipse. The angle which is regarded as contractility is made Between Y axis and the line drawn from the origin to the point of maximum ( _??_) . The average of (C.) is 47.6.
(P-F) loops is nearly a right angled triangle in which the oblique line is left, or a mirrored image of L. The angle which is regarded as Stroke Power is made between lines on the origin to the ascending point of (F) and maxium (F) . The range of (S. P.) is 44.0 to66.2.
( _??_-F) loops is nearly a figure of 8. The angle which is regarded as Stroke Velocity is made between X axis and the line drawn from the point of maximum (F) to that of maximum ( _??_) . The range of (S.V.) is 55.0 to 80.5.
Isoproterenol injected ;
( _??_-P) loops is changed to more flat and larger ellipse. The average of (C.) is increased to 60.6.
(P-F) loops is changed to a figure of standing club. The average of (S.P.) is increased to 70.1.
( _??_-F) loops is changed to D shape. The average of (S.V.) is decreased to 58.0.
Propranolol injected ;
The figure of the three loops showed small change. But the average of (C.) is de-creased markedly to 34.7. The average of (S.P.) was 49.3 and that of (S.V.) 75.1.
Adrenaline injected ;
Each loops was strikingly larger than that of controls and especially ( _??_-F) loop was more nearly a figure of 8. Only (C.) was increased while (S.P.) and (S.V.) were decreased.
Pressure overload ;
Pressure overload was loaded by constriction of ascending aorta. When the reduced flow rate of blood flow is 60 %, ( _??_-P) and ( _??_-F) loops shaped nearly a circle, and (P-F) loop showed a figure of half moon.
At the total block of ascending aorta, longer axis of ( _??_-P) loop coincided with Y axis, and (P-F) and ( _??_-F) loops were changed into a line which paralleled with X axis.
(C.) was between 47.2 and 54.4, (S.P.) between 71.3 and 0, and (S.V.) between 50.0 and 0.
Volume overload ;
Volume overload was loaded by quick infusion of saline into left atrium. When 300m1 was infused, each loops had little change, but (C.) and (S.P.) were increased.
From the above results, it seems likely that three loops and the new three parameters are useful for the analysis of hemodynamics in the operation room.
The standard of hemodynamic assesment by the new three parameters was figured out conclusively.
The only and the weakest point of this device is the difficulty in observation of diastolic phenomena.

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Pathological study on the morphologial changes of the thyroid of 36 autopsy cases from 1958 to 1968 which were diagnosed as terminating in renal insufficiency was carried out.
The essential change in these cases consisted mainly of atrophy of thyroid parenchyma due to metabolic disturbance.
Degeneration, desquamation, destruction of follicular epithelium and interstitial fibrosis occurred during this atrophic process.
There were 11 cases which revealed cell reaction in the interstitium of thyroid, the interpretation of which could not be made.
Although the criteria of so called nonspecific chronic thyroiditis is at present still not fully defined, the cases which revealed interstitial reaction excluding those with granulomatous change are akin to this condition.
As to the mechanism involved in the atrophic process, disturbance of excretion, conservation and circulation due to renal insufficiency and also hypoxic influence from anemia are given.
The hypof unction of the thyroid causes a delay of oxydation, and lowers its metabolism leading to atrophy of the thyroid.

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M-type Var. Murase is believed to fail in synthesizing galactose due to the block in the enzymatic system. Though it might take some amount of galactose from the medium, the dose might be very little, because of the cellular damage by galactose, While mucoid M forms characteristic mucoid colony in the presence of galactose, the cellular damage being not so apparent as M.
A new project was planned for further elucidation of their galactose incorporation.
The results ars as follows.
1) Galactose in a dose over 2γ/0.1 ml can be determined quantitatively by the cup-plate method using Murase's M.
2) Extract of the culture medium of mucoid M or M on galactose agar plate showedd the diminution of galactose partly, by steamsterilization or rather by adsorption to the agar medium. When M was plated, a very minute amount of galactose might be adsorbed to the cell surface or might be incorporated by the cell. While, when mucoid M was plated, the-incorporation of galactose by the cell was apparent.
3) When mucoid M was plated onto the medium of 10 ml which contained 80γ/ml of galactose, the concentration of galactose decreased under 20γ/ml. While in case of M, only the concentration of 20γ/ml was lowered.
4) No galactose consumption was observed in the broth culture of mucoid M.
5) Series of the experimental data of galactose consumption obtained by the cup-plate method were quite similar to those obtained by the galactoseoxidase method.
6) From the foregoing results, it is believed that mucoid M can incorporate galactose. The relationship between synthesis of slime and incorporation of galactose is thought to be very close.
7) Galactose consumption by mucoid M was estimated as 2-4 fold over than that by M, and mucoid M is resistant to galactose 2-4 fold than M. This character of mucoid M was lost always when it reversed to M.

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This is a report of an autopsy case of osteogenesis imperf ecta congenita in male newborn infant a aged 27 days. In a case the lesions of bones showed imperfect enchondral and periostal osteogenesis, which may be due to the functional deficiency of the osteoblasts.
The hypoplasia of the thyroids and adrenals, and calcification of Hassall's bodies of the thymus are presented.
From these findings, a few relevant literatures are reviewed.

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A succesful case of intestinal resection in a 43-year-old female patient with intestinal leiomyoma was reported.
On the disease, 48 cases are available in the literalure during the past 60 years.

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A case of lepromatous leprosy was reported. 74-year-old female had had diffuse infiltra-tion on the eyebrows and periocular regions, pea-sized nodules on the chin and numerous nodules from thumb to hen's egg size on the extremities since about two years before. The lesions were hypoesthetic or anaesthetic. Histologic specimens showed the granulomatous infiltrate consisting of histiocytes, lepra cells, lymphocytes and few plasma cells in the dermis. Staining with Ziehl-Neelsen showed innumerable bacilli were found in the infiltrate, particularly within the lepra cells. The patient was sent to the leprosarium.
The recent problems concerning leprosy in Japan were briefly reviewed.

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